sulfonylurea

简明释义

英[ˌsʌl.fɒn.ɪlˈjʊə.ri.ə]美[ˌsʌl.fɒn.ɪlˈjʊə.ri.ə]

n. 磺酰脲类（一种治糖尿病的口服药，等于 sulphonylurea）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The present invention provides novel sulfonylurea salts of a salt of formula (I) and polymorph forms thereof.

本发明提供了式(I)的盐的新的磺酰基脲盐及其多晶型物形式。

2.Objective It is to observe the clinical curative effect of Glimepiride and NPH on type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients after the secondary failure of sulfonylurea (SFS).

目的观察2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者在磺脲类继发失效（SFS）后改用格列美脲联合中效胰岛素（NPH）治疗的临床疗效。

3.Sulfonylurea herbicide in the environment can be dissipated mainly through chemical hydrolysis and micro-degradation.

环境中的磺酰脲化合物主要通过化学水解和微生物降解及少量的光化学分解而消失。

4.The composite can avoid the interaction of biguanide medicine and sulfonylurea medicine and improves the treatment effect and the stability of the composite.

该组合物可避免双胍类药物与磺酰脲药物的相互作用，提高组合物的治疗效果和稳定性。

5.I have not been able to effectively use a sulfonylurea in a kid without substantial hypoglycemia, " the physician continued."

在将磺酰脲类药物有效地用于孩子且不会引起严重低血糖发生方面，我一直也未能实现。

6.Sulfonylurea herbicide Rimsulfuron was synthesized by a five-step reaction starting with 2-(ethylsulfonyl)acetonitrile and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane.

本文以乙磺酰基乙腈和1，1，3，3-四甲氧基丙烷为起始原料，经五步反应合成得到磺酰脲类除草剂玉嘧磺隆。

7.A low level multi sulfonylurea herbicides residue analytical method based on extraction enrichment combined with capillary electrophoresis was studied.

研究了提取浓缩和毛细管电泳相结合测定稻田土壤中低剂量多个磺酰脲类除草剂混合残留的分析方法。

8.This paper reviews recent research progress in sulfonylurea herbicide residue analysis in the environment including the methods used in pretreatment and determination and their applicability.

综述近年来环境巾磺酰脲类除草剂残留测定前处理和测定方法的研究进展及适用范围。

9.Side effects of sulfonylurea may include weight gain and hypoglycemia.

磺酰脲类药物的副作用可能包括体重增加和低血糖。

10.Patients with type 2 diabetes may be prescribed sulfonylurea to help lower their blood sugar levels.

患有2型糖尿病的患者可能会被开处方使用磺酰脲类药物来帮助降低血糖水平。

11.The mechanism of action of sulfonylurea involves stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas.

磺酰脲类药物的作用机制包括刺激胰腺分泌胰岛素。

12.It is important for patients to monitor their blood glucose levels while taking sulfonylurea.

患者在服用磺酰脲类药物期间监测血糖水平是很重要的。

13.Some common examples of sulfonylurea include glipizide and glyburide.

一些常见的磺酰脲类药物包括格列吡嗪和格列本脲。

作文

The term sulfonylurea refers to a class of medications that are primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes. These drugs work by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin, which helps lower blood sugar levels in patients who have difficulty managing their glucose levels through diet and exercise alone. The introduction of sulfonylurea agents has revolutionized diabetes management since they provide an effective means of controlling blood sugar without requiring insulin injections. Historically, the discovery of sulfonylurea dates back to the mid-20th century when researchers were exploring various compounds to manage diabetes. The first drug in this class, tolbutamide, was introduced in the 1950s and marked a significant advancement in oral diabetes treatment options. Since then, several other sulfonylurea drugs have been developed, including glyburide and glipizide, each with its unique properties and dosing regimens. One of the key advantages of sulfonylurea medications is their ability to effectively lower hemoglobin A1c levels, a crucial indicator of long-term blood sugar control. By enhancing insulin secretion, these drugs can help prevent the long-term complications associated with uncontrolled diabetes, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Furthermore, sulfonylurea agents are generally well-tolerated, though they do carry some risks, including hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, particularly if meals are missed or if the patient engages in excessive physical activity. In terms of mechanism, sulfonylurea drugs bind to specific receptors on the pancreatic beta cells, which leads to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. This increase stimulates the release of insulin from the beta cells, thus lowering blood glucose concentrations. However, it is essential for patients using sulfonylurea to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly to avoid potential adverse effects. Despite their effectiveness, sulfonylurea medications are not suitable for everyone. For instance, individuals with type 1 diabetes, where the body produces little to no insulin, should not use these medications. Additionally, patients with certain medical conditions, such as severe liver or kidney impairment, may also be advised against using sulfonylurea drugs due to the risk of accumulation and subsequent toxicity. Moreover, lifestyle modifications remain a cornerstone of diabetes management. Patients are encouraged to adopt a balanced diet, engage in regular physical activity, and maintain a healthy weight alongside their medication regimen. This holistic approach can significantly enhance the effectiveness of sulfonylurea therapy and improve overall health outcomes. In conclusion, sulfonylurea medications play a vital role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes by promoting insulin secretion and helping to maintain blood glucose levels within a target range. While they offer numerous benefits, it is crucial for patients to understand their potential side effects and to work closely with healthcare providers to optimize their diabetes management plans. As research continues to evolve, new insights into the efficacy and safety of sulfonylurea agents will undoubtedly emerge, further enhancing our understanding of diabetes care.

术语sulfonylurea指的是一类主要用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物。这些药物通过刺激胰腺释放更多的胰岛素来发挥作用，帮助降低血糖水平，尤其是那些单靠饮食和锻炼难以控制血糖的患者。sulfonylurea药物的引入彻底改变了糖尿病管理，因为它们提供了一种有效的控制血糖的方法，而不需要注射胰岛素。历史上，sulfonylurea的发现可以追溯到20世纪中期，当时研究人员正在探索各种化合物以管理糖尿病。第一种此类药物，托布他胺（tolbutamide），于1950年代推出，标志着口服糖尿病治疗选择的重大进展。从那时起，开发了几种其他的sulfonylurea药物，包括格列本脲（glyburide）和格列齐特（glipizide），每种药物都有其独特的特性和剂量方案。sulfonylurea药物的一个关键优势是它们能够有效降低糖化血红蛋白（hemoglobin A1c）水平，这是长期血糖控制的重要指标。通过增强胰岛素分泌，这些药物可以帮助防止与糖尿病失控相关的长期并发症，如神经病、肾病和视网膜病。此外，sulfonylurea药物通常耐受良好，尽管它们确实存在一些风险，包括低血糖，特别是在错过餐点或患者进行过度体育活动时。在机制方面，sulfonylurea药物与胰腺β细胞上的特定受体结合，从而导致细胞内钙水平的增加。这种增加刺激胰岛素从β细胞释放，从而降低血糖浓度。然而，使用sulfonylurea的患者定期监测其血糖水平至关重要，以避免潜在的不良反应。尽管效果显著，但sulfonylurea药物并不适合所有人。例如，1型糖尿病患者由于身体几乎不产生胰岛素，因此不应使用这些药物。此外，某些医疗条件的患者，如严重肝脏或肾脏损害，也可能被建议避免使用sulfonylurea药物，因为有积累和随之而来的毒性的风险。此外，生活方式的改变仍然是糖尿病管理的基石。鼓励患者在药物治疗的同时，采用均衡饮食、进行定期身体锻炼并保持健康体重。这种整体方法可以显著增强sulfonylurea治疗的有效性，并改善整体健康结果。总之，sulfonylurea药物在治疗2型糖尿病中发挥着重要作用，通过促进胰岛素分泌并帮助维持血糖水平在目标范围内。虽然它们提供了许多好处，但患者了解其潜在副作用并与医疗提供者密切合作，以优化糖尿病管理计划至关重要。随着研究的不断发展，对sulfonylurea药物的有效性和安全性的新的见解无疑会出现，进一步增强我们对糖尿病护理的理解。