shadow prices

简明释义

影子价格

英英释义

例句

1.The government uses shadow prices 影子价格 to evaluate the social benefits of public projects.

政府使用影子价格 shadow prices 来评估公共项目的社会效益。

2.When analyzing project feasibility, economists calculate shadow prices 影子价格 to assess the true cost of resource allocation.

在分析项目可行性时，经济学家计算影子价格 shadow prices 以评估资源配置的真实成本。

3.Companies often use shadow prices 影子价格 to determine the economic value of resources that are not directly priced in the market.

公司通常使用影子价格 shadow prices 来确定市场上没有直接定价的资源的经济价值。

4.In the context of environmental economics, shadow prices 影子价格 are used to value non-market impacts such as pollution.

在环境经济学中，影子价格 shadow prices 被用来评估诸如污染等非市场影响的价值。

5.In resource management, shadow prices 影子价格 help identify the opportunity cost of using a resource in one way versus another.

在资源管理中，影子价格 shadow prices 帮助识别以一种方式使用资源与另一种方式使用资源的机会成本。

作文

In the field of economics, the concept of shadow prices plays a crucial role in resource allocation and decision-making processes. A shadow price is defined as the monetary value assigned to a good or service that does not have a market price. This value reflects the opportunity cost of utilizing resources for one purpose over another. Understanding shadow prices can provide valuable insights into the true economic value of resources, especially in situations where market prices are distorted or absent.For instance, consider a scenario in environmental economics where a government is evaluating the impact of a new policy on air quality. The direct market effects of pollution may not be easily quantifiable, as clean air does not have a market price. However, by estimating the shadow price of clean air, policymakers can assess the benefits of reducing pollution. This involves calculating the health costs associated with poor air quality, the potential increase in property values due to cleaner environments, and the overall improvement in quality of life. By assigning a shadow price to clean air, decision-makers can better justify investments in environmental initiatives.Moreover, shadow prices are particularly useful in project evaluation and cost-benefit analysis. When governments or organizations undertake large projects, they often face the challenge of quantifying non-market impacts. For example, when building a new highway, the project may lead to increased traffic congestion, noise pollution, and loss of biodiversity. These negative externalities do not have explicit market prices, but estimating their shadow prices allows analysts to incorporate these costs into their evaluations. By doing so, they can determine whether the benefits of the highway outweigh its social and environmental costs.In addition to environmental applications, shadow prices also find relevance in labor economics. For instance, when assessing the value of unpaid work, such as caregiving or volunteer activities, traditional market measures may overlook these contributions. By calculating the shadow price of this unpaid labor, researchers can highlight its significance in the economy. This approach not only recognizes the economic value of such work but also informs policies aimed at supporting caregivers and promoting gender equality in the workforce.The estimation of shadow prices is not without challenges. It requires comprehensive data collection and sophisticated modeling techniques to accurately capture the complexities of human behavior and environmental interactions. Additionally, the subjective nature of assigning a shadow price can lead to debates among economists regarding the validity of the estimates. Nevertheless, despite these challenges, the importance of shadow prices in guiding economic decisions cannot be overstated.In conclusion, shadow prices serve as a vital tool for understanding the true value of resources and informing policy decisions. By providing a monetary framework for non-market goods and services, shadow prices enable more effective resource allocation and promote sustainable development. As we continue to face pressing global challenges, such as climate change and inequality, the application of shadow prices will be essential in creating policies that reflect the real costs and benefits of our choices. Embracing the concept of shadow prices can ultimately lead to a more equitable and sustainable future for all.

在经济学领域，影子价格的概念在资源配置和决策过程中起着至关重要的作用。影子价格被定义为分配给没有市场价格的商品或服务的货币价值。这一价值反映了将资源用于一种目的而非另一种目的的机会成本。理解影子价格可以为资源的真实经济价值提供有价值的见解，尤其是在市场价格扭曲或缺失的情况下。例如，考虑一个环境经济学的场景，政府正在评估一项新政策对空气质量的影响。污染的直接市场效应可能不易量化，因为清洁空气没有市场价格。然而，通过估算清洁空气的影子价格，决策者可以评估减少污染的好处。这涉及到计算与空气质量差相关的健康成本、由于环境更清洁而可能增加的房产价值以及整体生活质量的改善。通过给清洁空气分配影子价格，决策者可以更好地证明对环境项目的投资。此外，影子价格在项目评估和成本效益分析中也特别有用。当政府或组织进行大型项目时，他们常常面临量化非市场影响的挑战。例如，在建设一条新高速公路时，该项目可能导致交通拥堵、噪音污染和生物多样性的丧失。这些负外部性没有明确的市场价格，但估算它们的影子价格可以让分析师将这些成本纳入评估之中。通过这样做，他们可以确定高速公路的好处是否超过其社会和环境成本。除了环境应用，影子价格在劳动经济学中也具有相关性。例如，在评估无偿工作（如照顾或志愿活动）的价值时，传统市场指标可能忽视这些贡献。通过计算这种无偿劳动的影子价格，研究人员可以突出其在经济中的重要性。这种方法不仅承认了此类工作的经济价值，还为支持照顾者和促进劳动力性别平等的政策提供了信息。估算影子价格并非没有挑战。它需要全面的数据收集和复杂的建模技术，以准确捕捉人类行为和环境互动的复杂性。此外，赋予影子价格主观性质可能导致经济学家之间就估算有效性进行辩论。然而，尽管存在这些挑战，影子价格在指导经济决策中的重要性不容小觑。总之，影子价格作为理解资源真实价值和告知政策决策的重要工具。通过为非市场商品和服务提供货币框架，影子价格使得资源配置更加有效，并促进可持续发展。随着我们继续面临气候变化和不平等等紧迫的全球挑战，应用影子价格对于创建反映我们选择的真实成本和利益的政策至关重要。接受影子价格的概念最终可以为所有人创造一个更公平和可持续的未来。