cottier

简明释义

英[ˈkɒtɪə(r)]美[ˈkɑtɪər]

n. 佃农；农夫；住小屋者

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Cottier Theory systematically expounds the agreement form and arrives at such effective conclusion of farm tenancy.

佃农理论系统研究了分成租佃这种合约形式，并得出了分成租佃有效的结论。

2.Cottier insists that this "is not an 'anti-encyclical.'"

Cottier强调“这不是反教皇通谕。”

3.Cottier Theory systematically expounds the agreement form and arrives at such effective conclusion of farm tenancy.

佃农理论系统研究了分成租佃这种合约形式，并得出了分成租佃有效的结论。

4.Many cottiers struggled to make ends meet during the harsh winter months.

许多小农在严酷的冬季挣扎着维持生计。

5.The landlord decided to raise the rent for the cottiers living on his property.

房东决定提高住在他地产上的小农的租金。

6.The cottier lived in a small cottage at the edge of the village.

这个小农住在村子边缘的一间小屋里。

7.As a cottier, she had to work long hours in the fields.

作为一名小农，她不得不在田地里工作很长时间。

8.The cottiers formed a community to support each other during difficult times.

这些小农组成了一个社区，以便在困难时期互相支持。

作文

In the rural landscapes of Ireland during the 19th century, the term cottier referred to a specific class of tenant farmers who occupied small cottages and worked on land that was often owned by wealthier landlords. These cottiers typically did not own the land they farmed; instead, they leased small plots from landlords in exchange for rent, which could be paid in cash or through a portion of their agricultural produce. The life of a cottier was marked by hardship and struggle, as they faced numerous challenges, including poor soil quality, limited access to resources, and the ever-present threat of eviction. The plight of the cottier was particularly exacerbated during the Great Famine of the 1840s, when potato blight devastated crops across Ireland. Many cottiers relied heavily on potatoes as their primary food source, and the failure of this staple crop led to widespread starvation and suffering. As the famine progressed, many cottiers found themselves unable to pay their rents, resulting in mass evictions and homelessness. Despite these challenges, the cottiers played a crucial role in the social and economic fabric of rural Ireland. Their small-scale farming practices contributed to local economies and provided food for their families and communities. Additionally, the resilience of the cottier population during times of crisis highlighted the strength and determination of ordinary people in the face of adversity. In literature and historical accounts, the lives of cottiers have been depicted with both compassion and critical analysis. Writers like John B. Keane and other Irish authors have explored the struggles and aspirations of cottiers, shedding light on their experiences and the socio-economic conditions of the time. These narratives often emphasize the deep connection between the cottier and the land, illustrating how their identity was intertwined with their agricultural practices and the environment. Today, the legacy of the cottier continues to resonate in discussions about land ownership, agricultural policy, and rural development. The historical context of the cottier serves as a reminder of the importance of equitable land distribution and the need for sustainable farming practices that support local communities. Understanding the role of cottiers in Irish history helps us appreciate the complexities of rural life and the ongoing challenges faced by farmers around the world. In conclusion, the term cottier encapsulates a significant aspect of Irish agricultural history, representing the struggles and resilience of a group that has shaped the landscape and culture of Ireland. By studying the lives of cottiers, we gain valuable insights into the social dynamics of the past and the enduring impact of these historical figures on contemporary society. Their story is one of hardship, perseverance, and ultimately, a testament to the human spirit's capacity to endure and thrive despite overwhelming odds.

在19世纪的爱尔兰乡村，术语cottier指的是一种特定的租户农民阶层，他们居住在小屋中，并在通常由更富有的地主拥有的土地上耕作。这些cottiers通常不拥有他们耕作的土地；相反，他们向地主租赁小块土地，以换取租金，租金可以用现金支付或通过一部分农产品支付。cottier的生活充满了艰辛和斗争，因为他们面临着许多挑战，包括土壤质量差、资源有限以及随时被驱逐的威胁。 在1840年代的大饥荒期间，cottier的困境尤其加剧，当时马铃薯枯萎病摧毁了爱尔兰的作物。许多cottiers严重依赖马铃薯作为主要食物来源，而这一主食作物的失败导致了广泛的饥饿和痛苦。随着饥荒的加剧，许多cottiers发现自己无法支付租金，导致大规模的驱逐和无家可归。 尽管面临这些挑战，cottiers在爱尔兰乡村的社会和经济结构中发挥了至关重要的作用。他们的小规模农业实践为地方经济做出了贡献，并为他们的家庭和社区提供了食物。此外，在危机时期，cottier人群的韧性突显了普通人在逆境面前的力量和决心。 在文学和历史记载中，cottiers的生活常常以同情和批判的视角描绘。像约翰·B·基恩等爱尔兰作家探讨了cottiers的奋斗和愿望，揭示了他们的经历和当时的社会经济条件。这些叙述常常强调cottier与土地之间的深厚联系，说明他们的身份如何与农业实践和环境交织在一起。 如今，cottier的遗产在有关土地所有权、农业政策和乡村发展的讨论中继续产生共鸣。cottier的历史背景提醒我们公平土地分配的重要性，以及支持地方社区的可持续农业实践的必要性。理解cottiers在爱尔兰历史中的角色帮助我们欣赏乡村生活的复杂性以及世界各地农民所面临的持续挑战。 总之，术语cottier概括了爱尔兰农业历史的一个重要方面，代表了塑造爱尔兰景观和文化的一群人的斗争和韧性。通过研究cottiers的生活，我们获得了对过去社会动态的宝贵见解以及这些历史人物对当代社会的持久影响。他们的故事是艰辛、坚韧的证明，最终证明了人类精神在压倒性困难面前生存和繁荣的能力。