price ceiling

简明释义

最高限价

英英释义

例句

1.The government imposed a price ceiling on rent to make housing more affordable for low-income families.

政府对租金施加了价格上限，以使低收入家庭的住房更负担得起。

2.Critics argue that a price ceiling can lead to shortages in the market.

批评者认为，价格上限可能导致市场短缺。

3.After the hurricane, the state government established a price ceiling on water and other necessities.

飓风过后，州政府对水和其他必需品设定了价格上限。

4.In response to rising food costs, a price ceiling was set on essential goods like bread and milk.

为了应对食品成本上涨，基本商品如面包和牛奶设定了价格上限。

5.The price ceiling on gasoline led to long lines at the pump as demand outstripped supply.

汽油的价格上限导致加油站排起了长队，因为需求超过了供应。

作文

In economic theory, a price ceiling is defined as a government-imposed limit on how high a price can be charged for a product. This concept is particularly relevant in markets where essential goods and services are involved, such as housing, food, and healthcare. The primary objective of implementing a price ceiling is to protect consumers from conditions that could make necessary items unaffordable, especially during periods of inflation or economic downturns.When a price ceiling is set below the equilibrium price, it can lead to several unintended consequences. For instance, while the intention is to make goods more affordable, it often results in shortages. Suppliers may not find it profitable to produce enough of the good at the lower price, leading to a decrease in overall supply. This situation creates a market imbalance where demand exceeds supply, ultimately causing frustration among consumers who cannot find the products they need.A historical example of a price ceiling can be observed in the rent control policies implemented in various cities around the world. These policies aim to keep housing affordable for low- and middle-income families. However, while they may initially seem beneficial, they often discourage landlords from maintaining their properties or investing in new housing developments. Over time, this can lead to a deterioration of housing quality and a lack of available rental units, exacerbating the very problem these policies sought to solve.Moreover, a price ceiling can lead to black markets where goods are sold at higher prices than the legal limit. In situations where consumers are desperate for a product that is in short supply due to the price ceiling, they may resort to purchasing it illegally, which undermines the regulatory framework established by the government. This not only affects the economy but also poses risks to consumer safety and welfare.Critics of price ceilings argue that they disrupt the natural function of the market, which relies on supply and demand to determine prices. They contend that instead of helping consumers, these controls can create more significant issues in the long run. For example, when prices are artificially kept low, it can lead to overconsumption of the good, further straining the limited supply. On the other hand, proponents believe that price ceilings are necessary to ensure that all individuals have access to basic needs. They argue that in times of crisis, such as natural disasters or pandemics, these measures can prevent price gouging and exploitation of vulnerable populations. It is essential to strike a balance between protecting consumers and allowing the market to function effectively.In conclusion, a price ceiling serves as a double-edged sword in economic policy. While it aims to provide immediate relief to consumers by keeping prices low, it can lead to adverse effects such as shortages, reduced quality, and the emergence of black markets. Policymakers must carefully consider these factors before implementing such measures, ensuring that they do not inadvertently harm the very individuals they intend to help. Understanding the implications of a price ceiling is crucial for anyone interested in economics, as it highlights the complexities of market dynamics and the importance of thoughtful regulation.

在经济理论中，价格上限被定义为政府施加的对产品价格的最高限制。这个概念在涉及基本商品和服务的市场中尤为相关，例如住房、食品和医疗保健。实施价格上限的主要目的是保护消费者免受可能使必要物品变得负担不起的条件影响，尤其是在通货膨胀或经济衰退期间。当价格上限设定在均衡价格之下时，可能会导致几个意想不到的后果。例如，虽然初衷是为了让商品更实惠，但这往往会导致短缺。供应商可能会发现以较低价格生产足够的商品没有利润可言，从而导致整体供应减少。这种情况造成了市场失衡，需求超过供应，最终导致消费者无法找到他们需要的产品而感到沮丧。一个关于价格上限的历史例子可以在世界各地实施的租金控制政策中观察到。这些政策旨在让低收入和中等收入家庭能够负担得起住房。然而，虽然它们最初看起来是有益的，但往往会使房东不愿意维护其物业或投资新住房发展。随着时间的推移，这可能导致住房质量下降和可租赁单元不足，加剧了这些政策试图解决的问题。此外，价格上限还可能导致黑市的出现，在这些市场中，商品以高于法定限制的价格出售。在消费者因价格上限而急需某种短缺产品的情况下，他们可能会诉诸于非法购买，这破坏了政府建立的监管框架。这不仅影响经济，还对消费者的安全和福利构成风险。价格上限的批评者认为，它们干扰了市场的自然功能，而市场依赖供需关系来确定价格。他们主张，与其帮助消费者，这些管制可能在长期内造成更大的问题。例如，当价格被人为压低时，可能会导致对该商品的过度消费，进一步加剧有限供应的压力。另一方面，支持者认为价格上限是确保所有人都能获得基本需求的必要措施。他们辩称，在危机时期，例如自然灾害或大流行，这些措施可以防止价格哄抬和对脆弱群体的剥削。必须在保护消费者与允许市场有效运作之间取得平衡。总之，价格上限作为经济政策的双刃剑。虽然它旨在通过保持低价格为消费者提供即时救济，但可能会导致不利影响，例如短缺、质量下降和黑市的出现。政策制定者在实施此类措施之前必须仔细考虑这些因素，以确保他们不会无意中伤害到他们打算帮助的个人。理解价格上限的影响对于任何对经济感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它突显了市场动态的复杂性以及深思熟虑的监管的重要性。