monopoly right

简明释义

专利权

英英释义

例句

1.The city council debated whether to renew the monopoly right for waste management services.

市议会讨论是否续签废物管理服务的垄断权。

2.The government granted the company a monopoly right to supply electricity in the region.

政府授予该公司在该地区供应电力的垄断权。

3.The monopoly right allowed the pharmaceutical company to set prices without competition.

该垄断权允许制药公司在没有竞争的情况下设定价格。

4.Some argue that monopoly rights stifle innovation in the market.

一些人认为垄断权抑制了市场中的创新。

5.Having a monopoly right can lead to higher prices for consumers.

拥有垄断权可能会导致消费者支付更高的价格。

作文

The concept of monopoly right refers to the exclusive control over a particular market or product, allowing the holder to dictate terms, prices, and availability without competition. This economic principle can be seen in various industries, from technology to pharmaceuticals. In essence, when a company holds a monopoly right, it has the power to operate independently of market forces that typically influence pricing and supply. One of the most prominent examples of monopoly right is found in the pharmaceutical industry. When a new drug is developed, the company that creates it often secures a patent, which grants them a monopoly right on the production and sale of that drug for a specified period. This exclusivity allows the company to recoup its research and development costs, and it can set prices that reflect the investment made in bringing the drug to market. However, this can also lead to ethical concerns, particularly when life-saving medications are priced out of reach for many patients due to the lack of competition.In the technology sector, companies like Microsoft and Apple have faced scrutiny over their monopoly rights. For instance, Microsoft was accused of abusing its monopoly right in the 1990s by bundling its Internet Explorer browser with its Windows operating system, effectively stifling competition from other web browsers. Such actions can lead to legal battles and regulatory scrutiny, as governments seek to ensure fair competition in the marketplace.While monopoly rights can foster innovation by providing companies with the incentive to invest in new products and technologies, they can also lead to market stagnation and consumer exploitation if not regulated properly. When a single entity dominates a market, it can result in higher prices, fewer choices, and reduced quality of goods and services. This is why antitrust laws exist; they aim to prevent the formation of monopolies and promote competition, ensuring that consumers benefit from lower prices and better products.Furthermore, the digital age has introduced new challenges regarding monopoly rights. Tech giants like Google and Amazon have come under fire for their market dominance. Critics argue that their monopoly rights allow them to engage in practices that harm smaller competitors and limit consumer choice. As these companies continue to grow, the conversation around monopoly rights becomes increasingly relevant, highlighting the need for updated regulations that address the unique aspects of the digital economy.In conclusion, while monopoly rights can drive innovation and economic growth, they also pose significant risks to competition and consumer welfare. It is essential for policymakers to find a balance that encourages creativity and investment while preventing the negative consequences of monopolistic practices. The ongoing debate surrounding monopoly rights will likely shape the future of various industries and the economy as a whole, making it a critical topic for discussion in both business and public policy circles.

“垄断权”这一概念是指对特定市场或产品的独占控制，使得持有者能够在没有竞争的情况下决定条款、价格和供应。这一经济原则可以在各个行业中看到，从科技到制药。实质上，当一家公司拥有“垄断权”时，它就有能力独立于通常影响定价和供应的市场力量进行操作。“垄断权”的一个显著例子可以在制药行业中找到。当一种新药被开发出来时，创造它的公司通常会获得专利，这赋予他们在特定时期内对该药物的生产和销售的“垄断权”。这种独占性允许公司收回其研发成本，并能够设定反映投入的新药市场价格。然而，这也可能引发伦理问题，特别是当救命药物的价格因缺乏竞争而使许多患者无法承受时。在科技领域，像微软和苹果这样的公司因其“垄断权”而受到审查。例如，微软在1990年代被指控滥用其“垄断权”，通过将其Internet Explorer浏览器与Windows操作系统捆绑销售，有效地扼杀了其他网络浏览器的竞争。这类行为可能导致法律诉讼和监管审查，因为政府试图确保市场的公平竞争。虽然“垄断权”可以通过为公司提供投资新产品和技术的动力来促进创新，但如果没有适当的监管，也可能导致市场停滞和消费者剥削。这就是为什么反垄断法存在的原因；它们旨在防止垄断的形成并促进竞争，从而确保消费者能够从更低的价格和更好的产品中受益。此外，数字时代给“垄断权”带来了新的挑战。谷歌和亚马逊等科技巨头因其市场主导地位受到抨击。批评者认为，他们的“垄断权”使他们能够采取损害小型竞争对手和限制消费者选择的做法。随着这些公司的持续增长，围绕“垄断权”的讨论变得愈加相关，突显出需要更新的法规来解决数字经济的独特方面。总之，虽然“垄断权”可以推动创新和经济增长，但它们也对竞争和消费者福利构成重大风险。政策制定者必须找到一个平衡点，以鼓励创造力和投资，同时防止垄断行为的负面后果。围绕“垄断权”的持续辩论将可能塑造各个行业及整个经济的未来，这使其成为商业和公共政策领域讨论的关键话题。