monopolistic competition

简明释义

垄断性竟争

英英释义

例句

1.Many clothing brands operate in a monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 environment where style and branding play significant roles.

许多服装品牌在monopolistic competition 垄断竞争环境中运营，风格和品牌形象起着重要作用。

2.In a monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 market, firms can differentiate their products to gain a competitive edge.

在monopolistic competition 垄断竞争市场中，企业可以通过产品差异化来获得竞争优势。

3.The restaurant industry is often cited as an example of monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 due to the variety of dining options available.

餐饮业常被视为monopolistic competition 垄断竞争的一个例子，因为有多种用餐选择。

4.Firms in monopolistic competition 垄断竞争 can set prices above marginal cost due to product differentiation.

在monopolistic competition 垄断竞争中，由于产品差异化，企业可以将价格设定在边际成本之上。

5.The beauty industry exemplifies monopolistic competition 垄断竞争, with numerous brands offering similar yet distinct products.

美容行业体现了monopolistic competition 垄断竞争，众多品牌提供相似但独特的产品。

作文

In the realm of economics, understanding different market structures is crucial for analyzing how businesses operate and compete. One significant market structure is monopolistic competition, which combines elements of both monopoly and perfect competition. This unique market structure is characterized by a large number of firms that sell similar but not identical products. Each firm has some degree of market power, allowing them to set prices above marginal cost. The presence of product differentiation is a key feature of monopolistic competition, as it enables firms to create a niche for themselves and attract specific consumer segments.Firms operating in a monopolistic competition environment invest heavily in marketing and branding to distinguish their products from those of competitors. For instance, consider the fast-food industry, where companies like McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's offer similar yet distinct products. Each brand attempts to create a unique identity through advertising, menu variations, and customer service, which ultimately influences consumer preferences. This differentiation allows firms to maintain a certain level of pricing power despite the competitive nature of the market.Another important aspect of monopolistic competition is the ease of entry and exit in the market. New firms can enter the market relatively easily, attracted by the potential for profit. However, because existing firms already have established brands and customer loyalty, new entrants must work hard to carve out their own market share. This dynamic leads to a constant cycle of innovation and improvement, as firms strive to enhance their offerings and retain customers. Over time, this competition can lead to better products and services for consumers.In the long run, the profits in a monopolistic competition market tend to normalize due to the influx of new firms. As more companies enter the market, the demand faced by each individual firm decreases, leading to lower prices and reduced profits. Eventually, firms will reach a point where they earn just enough to cover their costs, resulting in zero economic profit. This phenomenon highlights the importance of understanding the implications of monopolistic competition on market dynamics and firm behavior.However, while monopolistic competition encourages product diversity and innovation, it also presents challenges. The existence of many firms can lead to inefficiencies, as resources may be wasted on excessive advertising and duplication of efforts. Additionally, consumers might face higher prices compared to a perfectly competitive market, where prices are driven down to the level of marginal costs. Therefore, policymakers must strike a balance between fostering competition and ensuring that markets remain efficient and beneficial for consumers.In conclusion, monopolistic competition plays a vital role in the economy by promoting innovation, diversity, and consumer choice. By understanding the characteristics and implications of this market structure, we can better appreciate the complexities of business operations and the factors that influence pricing and product availability. As markets continue to evolve, the principles of monopolistic competition will remain relevant, guiding firms in their strategies and helping economists analyze market trends effectively.

在经济学领域，理解不同的市场结构对于分析企业如何运作和竞争至关重要。其中一个重要的市场结构是垄断竞争，它结合了垄断和完全竞争的元素。这种独特的市场结构的特点是有大量公司销售相似但不完全相同的产品。每个公司都有一定程度的市场权力，使他们能够将价格设定在边际成本之上。产品差异化的存在是垄断竞争的一个关键特征，因为它使公司能够为自己创造一个利基市场，并吸引特定的消费者群体。在垄断竞争环境中运营的公司在营销和品牌推广上投入大量资金，以使其产品与竞争对手的产品区分开来。举例来说，快餐行业中，麦当劳、汉堡王和温迪等公司提供类似但又独特的产品。每个品牌都试图通过广告、菜单变化和客户服务来创造独特的身份，这最终影响消费者的偏好。这种差异化使得公司能够保持一定水平的价格权力，尽管市场竞争激烈。垄断竞争的另一个重要方面是市场的进入和退出相对容易。新公司可以相对容易地进入市场，受到潜在利润的吸引。然而，由于现有公司已经建立了品牌和客户忠诚度，新进入者必须努力开辟自己的市场份额。这种动态导致创新和改进的不断循环，因为公司努力提升其产品以留住客户。随着时间的推移，这种竞争可以为消费者带来更好的产品和服务。然而，在长期内，由于新公司的涌入，垄断竞争市场中的利润往往会趋于正常化。随着更多公司进入市场，每个单独公司的需求减少，导致价格下降和利润减少。最终，公司将达到一个只足以覆盖其成本的利润点，从而导致零经济利润。这一现象突显了理解垄断竞争对市场动态和公司行为影响的重要性。然而，虽然垄断竞争鼓励产品多样性和创新，但它也带来了挑战。许多公司的存在可能导致低效率，因为资源可能被浪费在过度广告和重复努力上。此外，与完全竞争市场相比，消费者可能面临更高的价格，完全竞争市场的价格被压低到边际成本水平。因此，决策者必须在促进竞争和确保市场仍然高效且对消费者有利之间取得平衡。总之，垄断竞争在经济中扮演着重要角色，通过促进创新、多样性和消费者选择。通过理解这种市场结构的特征和影响，我们可以更好地欣赏商业运作的复杂性以及影响定价和产品可用性的因素。随着市场的不断发展，垄断竞争的原则将继续保持相关性，指导公司制定战略并帮助经济学家有效分析市场趋势。