marginal utility

简明释义

边际效用

英英释义

例句

1.As you eat more slices of pizza, the marginal utility of each additional slice decreases.

当你吃更多的披萨时，每多吃一片的边际效用会减少。

2.When purchasing a car, buyers consider the marginal utility of additional features.

在购买汽车时，买家会考虑额外功能的边际效用。

3.The concept of marginal utility is essential in understanding consumer choices.

理解消费者选择的关键在于边际效用的概念。

4.Understanding marginal utility can help businesses set optimal pricing strategies.

理解边际效用可以帮助企业制定最佳定价策略。

5.Economists use marginal utility to explain how people allocate their resources.

经济学家使用边际效用来解释人们如何分配资源。

作文

The concept of marginal utility is fundamental in economics, particularly in understanding consumer choices and behaviors. It refers to the additional satisfaction or benefit that a consumer derives from consuming one more unit of a good or service. To illustrate this concept, let’s consider a simple example: imagine you are enjoying a slice of pizza. The first slice provides you with a great deal of pleasure and satisfaction. However, as you continue to eat more slices, the satisfaction you gain from each additional slice begins to diminish. This phenomenon is known as diminishing marginal utility.

When we analyze consumer behavior, it becomes evident that individuals make decisions based on the marginal utility they expect to receive from each additional unit of consumption. For instance, if the marginal utility of the second slice of pizza is lower than that of the first, you may decide to stop eating after just two slices. This decision is influenced by the desire to maximize overall satisfaction while minimizing waste and expense.

Furthermore, the concept of marginal utility extends beyond food consumption. It applies to various goods and services, including clothing, entertainment, and even experiences. For example, consider purchasing a new smartphone. The first smartphone you buy may bring significant satisfaction due to its advanced features and capabilities. However, if you decide to purchase a second smartphone, the marginal utility you derive might not be as high, especially if the new model does not offer substantial improvements over the first one.

Understanding marginal utility is crucial for businesses as well. Companies often strive to enhance the marginal utility of their products to attract consumers. They might do this by improving product quality, offering discounts, or introducing new features. By increasing the marginal utility, businesses can encourage consumers to purchase more units of their products, ultimately leading to higher sales and profits.

Moreover, the principle of marginal utility plays a vital role in determining prices in a market economy. When demand for a product increases, the marginal utility associated with that product also rises, allowing sellers to charge higher prices. Conversely, if demand decreases, the marginal utility declines, prompting sellers to lower prices to stimulate sales.

In conclusion, the concept of marginal utility is essential for understanding how consumers make choices, how businesses strategize, and how markets function. It highlights the importance of maximizing satisfaction and the diminishing returns that come with increased consumption. By grasping the implications of marginal utility, both consumers and producers can make informed decisions that align with their goals and preferences. Whether you are enjoying a slice of pizza or investing in the latest technology, recognizing the role of marginal utility can enhance your understanding of economic interactions and personal satisfaction.

边际效用的概念在经济学中是基本的，特别是在理解消费者选择和行为方面。它指的是消费者从消费一单位商品或服务中获得的额外满足感或利益。为了说明这一概念，让我们考虑一个简单的例子：想象你正在享用一片比萨饼。第一片带给你很大的快乐和满足。然而，随着你继续吃更多的片数，每增加一片所获得的满足感开始减少。这种现象被称为边际效用递减。

当我们分析消费者行为时，很明显，个人的决策是基于他们期望从每额外一单位消费中获得的边际效用。例如，如果第二片比萨饼的边际效用低于第一片，你可能会决定在吃完两片后就停止。这一决定受到最大化整体满意度、最小化浪费和开支的愿望的影响。

此外，边际效用的概念超越了食物消费。它适用于各种商品和服务，包括服装、娱乐，甚至是体验。例如，考虑购买一部新智能手机。第一部智能手机可能由于其先进的功能和能力带来显著的满足。然而，如果你决定购买第二部智能手机，所获得的边际效用可能不会那么高，尤其是如果新型号没有对第一部进行实质性改进的话。

理解边际效用对企业也至关重要。公司通常努力提高其产品的边际效用以吸引消费者。他们可能通过改善产品质量、提供折扣或引入新功能来实现这一目标。通过增加边际效用，企业可以鼓励消费者购买更多单位的产品，最终导致更高的销售和利润。

此外，边际效用原则在市场经济中决定价格方面发挥着重要作用。当某一产品的需求增加时，与该产品相关的边际效用也会上升，这使得卖方能够收取更高的价格。相反，如果需求减少，边际效用下降，促使卖方降低价格以刺激销售。

总之，边际效用的概念对于理解消费者如何做出选择、企业如何制定战略以及市场如何运作至关重要。它强调了最大化满意度的重要性以及随消费增加而带来的递减收益。通过掌握边际效用的含义，消费者和生产者都可以做出与其目标和偏好相一致的明智决策。无论你是在享用一片比萨饼还是投资最新技术，认识到边际效用的作用可以增强你对经济互动和个人满意度的理解。