long run marginal cost

简明释义

长期边际成本

英英释义

例句

1.In a competitive market, firms will set their prices equal to the long run marginal cost 长期边际成本 to maximize profits.

在竞争市场中，企业将价格设定为等于长期边际成本 长期边际成本以最大化利润。

2.Understanding the long run marginal cost 长期边际成本 helps businesses make informed decisions about expansion.

理解长期边际成本 长期边际成本有助于企业做出明智的扩展决策。

3.The long run marginal cost 长期边际成本 curve is typically upward sloping in the presence of increasing costs.

在成本上升的情况下，长期边际成本 长期边际成本曲线通常是向上的。

4.When analyzing production options, managers should consider the long run marginal cost 长期边际成本 of each choice.

在分析生产选项时，管理者应考虑每个选择的长期边际成本 长期边际成本。

5.To achieve efficiency, a firm must produce where price equals long run marginal cost 长期边际成本.

为了实现效率，企业必须在价格等于长期边际成本 长期边际成本的地方生产。

作文

Understanding the concept of long run marginal cost is crucial for both economists and business managers. In economics, the long run marginal cost refers to the additional cost incurred by producing one more unit of a good or service when all inputs can be varied. This contrasts with the short run, where at least one input is fixed. The long run marginal cost is significant because it helps firms make decisions about scaling production and entering or exiting markets.To comprehend the long run marginal cost, we must first grasp what marginal cost means. Marginal cost is the change in total cost that arises when the quantity produced changes by one unit. In the long run, as firms adjust all factors of production, the long run marginal cost reflects the most efficient way to allocate resources. For example, if a factory decides to increase its output by 100 units, the long run marginal cost will consider how much additional labor, materials, and capital are needed to achieve this increase.One of the key implications of the long run marginal cost is its relationship with economies of scale. When a company experiences decreasing long run marginal cost as it increases production, it indicates that the firm is benefiting from economies of scale. This situation often leads to lower prices for consumers and higher market share for the firm. Conversely, if the long run marginal cost increases with production, this may signal diseconomies of scale, where the firm becomes less efficient as it grows larger.Additionally, the long run marginal cost plays a vital role in pricing strategies. Firms need to set their prices above the long run marginal cost to ensure profitability. If the price is set too low, the firm could incur losses, especially in competitive markets. Understanding the long run marginal cost allows businesses to make informed decisions about pricing, production levels, and investment in capacity.In practical terms, calculating the long run marginal cost involves analyzing data on production costs over time. Companies must consider fixed costs, variable costs, and how these costs change as production scales. By doing so, they can identify the optimal level of output that minimizes costs while maximizing profits.Moreover, the long run marginal cost is essential for policymakers as well. It helps them understand how industries operate and the effects of regulations on production costs. For instance, if a government imposes a tax on carbon emissions, the long run marginal cost of production may rise, leading firms to reconsider their production methods or invest in cleaner technologies.In conclusion, the concept of long run marginal cost is a foundational element in both economic theory and business practice. By understanding how it operates, firms can optimize their production processes, set competitive prices, and respond effectively to market changes. Economists and policymakers also benefit from this knowledge, as it provides insight into industry dynamics and the potential impact of regulatory measures. Ultimately, mastering the long run marginal cost is essential for anyone involved in economic decision-making, whether in the private sector or public policy context.

理解长期边际成本的概念对经济学家和企业管理者至关重要。在经济学中，长期边际成本是指在所有投入都可以变动的情况下，生产一单位商品或服务所产生的额外成本。这与短期相对立，在短期内至少有一个投入是固定的。长期边际成本的重要性在于它帮助企业做出关于扩大生产和进入或退出市场的决策。要理解长期边际成本，我们首先必须掌握边际成本的含义。边际成本是指当生产数量变化一个单位时，总成本的变化。在长期内，随着企业调整所有生产要素，长期边际成本反映了资源分配的最有效方式。例如，如果一家工厂决定将产量增加100单位，长期边际成本将考虑实现这一增产所需的额外劳动力、材料和资本。长期边际成本的一个关键含义是它与规模经济的关系。当公司在增加生产时，长期边际成本下降，这表明该公司受益于规模经济。这种情况通常导致消费者价格降低和公司市场份额增加。相反，如果长期边际成本随着生产的增加而上升，这可能表明出现了规模不经济的情况，即公司随着规模的扩大变得效率降低。此外，长期边际成本在定价策略中也发挥着重要作用。企业需要将价格设定在长期边际成本之上，以确保盈利。如果价格设定得过低，企业可能会遭受损失，尤其是在竞争激烈的市场中。理解长期边际成本使企业能够就定价、生产水平和投资能力做出明智的决策。在实际操作中，计算长期边际成本涉及分析生产成本随时间变化的数据。公司必须考虑固定成本、可变成本以及这些成本如何随着生产规模的变化而变化。通过这样做，他们可以识别出最小化成本而最大化利润的最佳产出水平。此外，长期边际成本对政策制定者也至关重要。它帮助他们了解行业的运作及监管对生产成本的影响。例如，如果政府对碳排放征税，生产的长期边际成本可能会上升，导致企业重新考虑其生产方式或投资于更清洁的技术。总之，长期边际成本的概念是经济理论和商业实践中的基础元素。通过理解其运作方式，企业可以优化生产过程、设定具有竞争力的价格并有效应对市场变化。经济学家和政策制定者也能从这一知识中受益，因为它提供了行业动态和监管措施潜在影响的洞察。最终，掌握长期边际成本对于任何参与经济决策的人来说都是至关重要的，无论是在私营部门还是公共政策背景下。