habeas corpus

简明释义

人身保护令

英英释义

例句

1.In cases of wrongful imprisonment, individuals can seek relief through habeas corpus.

在错误监禁的情况下，个人可以通过人身保护令寻求救济。

2.The judge granted the habeas corpus writ, ordering the prison to produce the detainee in court.

法官批准了人身保护令，命令监狱在法庭上出示被拘留者。

3.The habeas corpus process ensures that no one is held unlawfully by the state.

人身保护令程序确保没有人被国家非法拘留。

4.The lawyer filed a petition for habeas corpus to challenge the legality of her client's detention.

律师提交了一份人身保护令的申请，以质疑她客户拘留的合法性。

5.Without habeas corpus, citizens could be detained indefinitely without trial.

如果没有人身保护令，公民可能会在没有审判的情况下无限期被拘留。

作文

The term habeas corpus originates from Latin, meaning 'you shall have the body.' It is a fundamental legal principle that protects individuals from unlawful detention or imprisonment. The concept of habeas corpus has its roots in English common law and has been adopted in various legal systems around the world. This principle serves as a crucial safeguard against arbitrary arrest, ensuring that anyone detained has the right to appear before a court to determine the legality of their detention. In essence, habeas corpus provides a mechanism for individuals to challenge their detention. When a person believes they are being held unlawfully, they can file a writ of habeas corpus. This writ compels the custodian of the individual—often a prison warden or law enforcement officer—to bring the detainee before a court. The court then examines the reasons for the detention and decides whether it is lawful. If the court finds that the detention is unjustified, it can order the release of the individual. The importance of habeas corpus cannot be overstated. It is a cornerstone of personal liberty and a critical check on government power. Without this legal protection, individuals could be imprisoned without due process, leading to potential abuses of power by authorities. History has shown that in times of war or national emergency, governments may attempt to suspend habeas corpus, arguing that it is necessary for security. However, such actions often lead to significant public outcry and legal challenges, as they threaten the very foundation of justice and civil rights. In the United States, the right to habeas corpus is enshrined in the Constitution. Article I, Section 9 states that the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, except in cases of rebellion or invasion when the public safety may require it. This constitutional guarantee underscores the significance of habeas corpus as a bulwark against tyranny. Landmark Supreme Court cases, such as Boumediene v. Bush, have reaffirmed the application of habeas corpus even in the context of Guantanamo Bay detainees, emphasizing that the right is fundamental and cannot be easily disregarded. Globally, the principle of habeas corpus has been incorporated into numerous human rights treaties and international laws. For instance, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights both recognize the right to challenge unlawful detention. These international frameworks reflect a growing consensus on the necessity of protecting individual liberties and ensuring that justice prevails. In conclusion, habeas corpus is more than just a legal term; it represents a vital protection for personal freedom and a limitation on governmental authority. As societies evolve, the relevance of habeas corpus remains evident. It is essential for citizens to understand their rights under this principle and to advocate for its preservation. By doing so, we uphold not only our own liberties but also the fundamental tenets of justice and democracy that are essential for a free society.

“人身保护令”一词源自拉丁语，意为“你应当拥有身体”。它是一项基本法律原则，保护个人免受非法拘留或监禁。“人身保护令”的概念源于英国普通法，并已被世界各地的各种法律体系所采纳。这一原则作为对任意逮捕的重要保障，确保任何被拘留者都有权出现在法庭上，以确定其拘留的合法性。从本质上讲，“人身保护令”为个人挑战其拘留提供了一种机制。当一个人认为自己被非法拘留时，他们可以提出“人身保护令”。此令状迫使拘留者——通常是监狱看守或执法官员——将被拘留者带到法庭。法庭随后审查拘留的理由，并决定其是否合法。如果法庭发现拘留是不合理的，它可以下令释放该个人。“人身保护令”的重要性不容小觑。它是个人自由的基石，也是对政府权力的关键制衡。没有这一法律保护，个人可能会在没有正当程序的情况下被监禁，导致当局可能滥用权力。历史表明，在战争或国家紧急状态期间，政府可能试图暂停“人身保护令”，以安全为由进行辩解。然而，这种行为往往引发公众的强烈反对和法律挑战，因为它威胁到正义和公民权利的基础。在美国，享有“人身保护令”的权利被载入宪法。第一条第九节规定，除非在叛乱或入侵的情况下，公共安全可能需要，否则不得暂停“人身保护令”的特权。这项宪法保障强调了“人身保护令”作为对暴政的防线的重要性。诸如Boumediene诉布什案等具有里程碑意义的最高法院案件重申了即使在关塔那摩湾被拘留者的背景下，“人身保护令”的适用性，强调这一权利是基本的，不能轻易被忽视。在全球范围内，“人身保护令”的原则已被纳入多项人权条约和国际法中。例如，《世界人权宣言》和《国际公民及政治权利公约》都承认挑战非法拘留的权利。这些国际框架反映了对保护个人自由和确保正义至关重要的共识日益增强。总之，“人身保护令”不仅仅是一个法律术语；它代表了对个人自由的关键保护和对政府权威的限制。随着社会的发展，“人身保护令”的相关性依然显著。公民理解自己在这一原则下的权利并倡导其维护是至关重要的。通过这样做，我们不仅捍卫了自己的自由，也捍卫了对自由社会至关重要的正义和民主的基本原则。