Gini coefficient

简明释义

吉尼系数

英英释义

例句

1.International organizations often report on the Gini coefficient 基尼系数 of different countries to highlight inequality.

国际组织通常报告不同国家的基尼系数以突出不平等现象。

2.Researchers use the Gini coefficient 基尼系数 to measure economic disparity in various regions.

研究人员使用基尼系数来衡量各地区的经济差距。

3.The country's Gini coefficient 基尼系数 has risen over the past decade, indicating increasing income inequality.

该国的基尼系数在过去十年中上升，表明收入不平等加剧。

4.The government's policies aim to reduce the Gini coefficient 基尼系数 and promote social welfare.

政府的政策旨在降低基尼系数，促进社会福利。

5.A lower Gini coefficient 基尼系数 suggests a more equitable distribution of wealth among the population.

较低的基尼系数表明人口财富分配更为公平。

作文

The concept of the Gini coefficient is crucial in understanding economic inequality within a society. Developed by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini in 1912, the Gini coefficient is a measure that quantifies income distribution among a population. It ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates perfect equality (everyone has the same income) and 1 denotes perfect inequality (one person has all the income while others have none). This metric is widely used by economists and policymakers to assess the level of inequality present in different countries or regions.One of the key reasons the Gini coefficient is significant is its ability to provide a clear numerical representation of income disparity. For instance, if a country has a Gini coefficient of 0.25, it suggests that income is relatively evenly distributed among its citizens. Conversely, a country with a Gini coefficient of 0.55 would indicate a high level of income inequality, where wealth is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals.Understanding the implications of the Gini coefficient goes beyond just numbers; it reflects the socio-economic conditions of a nation. High levels of inequality, as indicated by a higher Gini coefficient, can lead to various social issues, including increased crime rates, poor health outcomes, and limited access to education. These factors can create a cycle of poverty that is difficult to escape, thereby perpetuating inequality over generations.Moreover, the Gini coefficient can be influenced by several factors, including government policies, taxation systems, and social welfare programs. Countries with progressive tax systems and robust social safety nets tend to have lower Gini coefficients, as these mechanisms help redistribute wealth more equitably. In contrast, nations with regressive tax structures may experience rising inequality, reflected in a higher Gini coefficient.In recent years, the Gini coefficient has gained attention in discussions about globalization and its effects on income distribution. As economies become more interconnected, disparities in wealth between nations can also increase, impacting the global Gini coefficient. For instance, while some countries may see economic growth and a decrease in their Gini coefficient, others may lag behind, exacerbating global inequalities.Furthermore, the Gini coefficient is not without its limitations. Critics argue that it does not account for differences in cost of living or regional disparities within a country. Therefore, while the Gini coefficient provides valuable insights into income distribution, it should be considered alongside other indicators, such as poverty rates and access to resources, to gain a comprehensive understanding of economic inequality.In conclusion, the Gini coefficient serves as an essential tool for measuring income inequality. Its ability to provide a snapshot of how wealth is distributed within a society makes it invaluable for economists, researchers, and policymakers alike. By analyzing the Gini coefficient alongside other socio-economic factors, we can better understand the challenges posed by inequality and work towards creating a more equitable society.

“基尼系数”这一概念在理解社会经济不平等方面至关重要。它由意大利统计学家科拉多·基尼于1912年提出，是一种量化人口收入分配的指标。基尼系数的取值范围为0到1，其中0表示完全平等（每个人的收入相同），而1则表示完全不平等（一个人拥有所有收入，而其他人没有）。这一指标被经济学家和政策制定者广泛用于评估不同国家或地区存在的贫富差距水平。“基尼系数”之所以重要，主要是因为它能够清晰地数字化收入差距。例如，如果一个国家的基尼系数为0.25，这表明其公民的收入相对均匀分配。相反，一个基尼系数为0.55的国家则表明收入不平等程度较高，财富集中在少数人手中。理解“基尼系数”的含义不仅仅是看数字；它反映了一个国家的社会经济状况。高水平的不平等，如较高的基尼系数所示，可能导致各种社会问题，包括犯罪率上升、健康状况恶化和教育机会有限。这些因素可能形成一个难以打破的贫困循环，从而使不平等在几代人中延续。此外，基尼系数还受到多种因素的影响，包括政府政策、税收制度和社会福利计划。拥有渐进税制和强大社会保障网的国家往往具有较低的基尼系数，因为这些机制有助于更公平地再分配财富。相比之下，税制倒退的国家可能会经历日益加剧的不平等，这在基尼系数的上升中得以体现。近年来，“基尼系数”在关于全球化及其对收入分配影响的讨论中引起了关注。随着经济的相互联系加深，各国之间的财富差距也可能增加，影响全球基尼系数。例如，某些国家可能会看到经济增长和基尼系数下降，而其他国家则可能滞后，进一步加剧全球不平等。此外，基尼系数并非没有局限性。批评者认为，它没有考虑生活成本的差异或一个国家内部的区域差异。因此，虽然基尼系数提供了有关收入分配的宝贵见解，但应与其他指标（如贫困率和资源获取）结合使用，以全面了解经济不平等。总之，基尼系数作为衡量收入不平等的重要工具，其价值不可小觑。它能够提供一个社会财富分配的快照，使经济学家、研究人员和政策制定者都能受益。通过分析基尼系数与其他社会经济因素的关系，我们可以更好地理解不平等带来的挑战，并努力创造一个更加公平的社会。