equivalent variation in income

简明释义

收入等价变量

英英释义

例句

1.In environmental economics, the equivalent variation in income 收入的等效变动 can help measure the value of ecosystem services.

在环境经济学中，收入的等效变动可以帮助衡量生态系统服务的价值。

2.After analyzing consumer behavior, economists found that the equivalent variation in income 收入的等效变动 was significantly higher for low-income households.

在分析消费者行为后，经济学家发现低收入家庭的收入的等效变动显著更高。

3.The policy change resulted in an equivalent variation in income 收入的等效变动 that was beneficial for most citizens.

政策变化导致了大多数公民受益的收入的等效变动。

4.The government conducted a study to determine the equivalent variation in income 收入的等效变动 required for families to maintain their standard of living after tax increases.

政府进行了一项研究，以确定在税收增加后，家庭维持生活水平所需的收入的等效变动。

5.To assess the impact of inflation, researchers needed to calculate the equivalent variation in income 收入的等效变动 for different income groups.

为了评估通货膨胀的影响，研究人员需要计算不同收入群体的收入的等效变动。

作文

In the realm of economics, understanding consumer behavior is essential for both policymakers and businesses. One important concept that helps explain how consumers react to changes in prices or income is the idea of equivalent variation in income. This term refers to the amount of money a consumer would need to receive to achieve the same level of utility or satisfaction after a price change, compared to their original situation. Essentially, it quantifies the impact of economic changes on consumer welfare.To illustrate this concept, consider a simple example involving a consumer who regularly purchases coffee. Suppose the price of coffee increases significantly. The consumer, who previously enjoyed a certain level of satisfaction from their daily coffee ritual, now faces a dilemma. They can either reduce their consumption of coffee, which may lead to a decrease in their overall satisfaction, or they can find additional income to maintain their previous consumption level.Here, the equivalent variation in income comes into play. It allows us to calculate how much extra money this consumer would need to receive in order to continue enjoying the same level of utility despite the price increase. If we determine that the consumer needs an additional $5 per week to maintain their coffee consumption and satisfaction, we can say that the equivalent variation in income is $5.This concept is not only applicable to individual consumers but also has broader implications in terms of public policy. For instance, when governments consider implementing taxes or subsidies, understanding the equivalent variation in income can help them gauge the potential impact on consumer welfare. If a new tax on sugary drinks is proposed, policymakers can assess how much financial compensation might be necessary to keep consumers at their previous satisfaction levels. This analysis is crucial for ensuring that policies do not disproportionately burden lower-income households, who may be more sensitive to price changes.Moreover, the equivalent variation in income can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of social programs aimed at improving consumer welfare. For example, if a government implements a subsidy for public transportation, economists can analyze how much this subsidy improves the overall utility of commuters. By calculating the equivalent variation in income, they can determine if the subsidy is sufficient to offset any negative effects caused by rising transportation costs.In conclusion, the concept of equivalent variation in income serves as a vital tool in understanding consumer behavior and welfare in response to economic changes. It provides a clear framework for evaluating the impact of price fluctuations and policy decisions on individuals' satisfaction. As we navigate an increasingly complex economic landscape, grasping the significance of this concept will be essential for both consumers and policymakers alike. By equipping ourselves with this knowledge, we can make more informed decisions that promote economic well-being and enhance overall quality of life.

在经济学领域，理解消费者行为对政策制定者和企业来说至关重要。一个帮助解释消费者如何对价格或收入变化做出反应的重要概念是收入的等效变动。这个术语指的是消费者在价格变化后，为了达到与原来相同的效用或满足感，所需获得的金额。基本上，它量化了经济变化对消费者福利的影响。为了说明这一概念，可以考虑一个涉及消费者的简单例子。假设咖啡的价格大幅上涨。这个消费者之前每天享受一定水平的咖啡仪式，现在面临困境。他们可以减少咖啡消费，这可能导致整体满意度下降，或者他们可以寻找额外的收入，以维持以前的消费水平。在这里，收入的等效变动就发挥了作用。它使我们能够计算出这个消费者需要获得多少额外的钱，以便在价格上涨的情况下继续享受相同的效用。如果我们确定这个消费者每周需要额外的5美元来维持咖啡消费和满意度，我们可以说收入的等效变动是5美元。这个概念不仅适用于个别消费者，还在公共政策方面具有更广泛的意义。例如，当政府考虑实施税收或补贴时，理解收入的等效变动可以帮助他们评估对消费者福利的潜在影响。如果提议对含糖饮料征税，政策制定者可以评估需要多少财政补偿，以保持消费者在先前满意度水平。这种分析对确保政策不会对低收入家庭造成不成比例的负担至关重要，因为这些家庭对价格变化可能更为敏感。此外，收入的等效变动还可以用于评估旨在改善消费者福利的社会项目的有效性。例如，如果政府实施公共交通补贴，经济学家可以分析这一补贴如何提高通勤者的整体效用。通过计算收入的等效变动，他们可以判断补贴是否足以抵消因交通成本上升而带来的任何负面影响。总之，收入的等效变动这一概念作为理解消费者行为和福利对经济变化反应的重要工具。它为评估价格波动和政策决策对个人满意度的影响提供了清晰的框架。在我们应对日益复杂的经济环境时，掌握这一概念的重要性将对消费者和政策制定者来说都至关重要。通过装备自己这一知识，我们可以做出更明智的决策，促进经济福祉，提高整体生活质量。