cost push

简明释义

成本推进型

英英释义

例句

1.In the construction industry, cost push factors like labor shortages and increased material costs are driving up home prices.

在建筑行业，像劳动力短缺和材料成本增加这样的成本推动因素正在推高房价。

2.Manufacturers are facing cost push pressures due to rising raw material costs, which may affect their profit margins.

制造商因原材料成本上升而面临成本推动压力，这可能会影响他们的利润率。

3.Economists warn that cost push inflation can be difficult to control once it starts affecting consumer prices.

经济学家警告说，一旦成本推动通货膨胀开始影响消费者价格，就很难控制。

4.The recent increase in oil prices is a classic example of cost push inflation, where rising production costs lead to higher prices for consumers.

最近油价的上涨是一个典型的成本推动通货膨胀的例子，生产成本的上升导致消费者价格上涨。

5.The government is concerned that the cost push effects from wage increases could lead to an overall rise in inflation.

政府担心工资上涨带来的成本推动效应可能会导致整体通货膨胀上升。

作文

In economics, the term cost push refers to a situation where the overall prices of goods and services rise due to increases in the cost of production. This phenomenon can occur due to various factors, including rising wages, increased prices for raw materials, or supply chain disruptions. Understanding cost push inflation is crucial for both policymakers and consumers as it affects the economy at multiple levels.To illustrate, let’s consider a manufacturing company that produces electronic devices. If the price of essential components, such as semiconductors, suddenly increases due to a shortage, the company faces higher production costs. To maintain profit margins, the company may decide to raise the prices of its products. This leads to a ripple effect in the market, where other businesses may also increase their prices in response to the higher costs they face. Thus, cost push inflation can create a cycle of rising prices across various sectors of the economy.Another factor contributing to cost push inflation is wage increases. When workers demand higher wages, businesses often pass these costs onto consumers by raising prices. For instance, if a fast-food chain raises its employees' wages to attract talent, it may subsequently increase the prices of its menu items. This scenario demonstrates how wage inflation can lead to cost push inflation, affecting not only the fast-food industry but also related sectors such as agriculture and transportation, which supply the raw materials needed for food production.Moreover, external shocks can also lead to cost push inflation. Events such as natural disasters, geopolitical tensions, or pandemics can disrupt supply chains and increase costs. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many industries faced shortages of essential materials due to lockdowns and restrictions. As companies struggled to source supplies, they experienced increased production costs, leading to higher prices for consumers. This situation exemplifies how unforeseen circumstances can trigger cost push inflation, impacting the economy on a global scale.Policymakers must carefully monitor cost push inflation as it poses challenges for economic stability. While central banks often use monetary policy to combat demand-pull inflation (which occurs when demand exceeds supply), cost push inflation requires different strategies. Raising interest rates to curb inflation may not be effective if the root cause lies in production costs rather than consumer demand.In conclusion, understanding the concept of cost push inflation is vital for comprehending the complexities of the economy. It highlights how various factors, from wage increases to external shocks, can lead to rising prices. As consumers, we may feel the impact of cost push inflation in our daily lives through increased prices for goods and services. Therefore, both individuals and policymakers must remain vigilant to navigate the challenges posed by this economic phenomenon effectively.

在经济学中，术语成本推动指的是由于生产成本的增加而导致商品和服务整体价格上涨的情况。这种现象可能由于多种因素引起，包括工资上涨、原材料价格上涨或供应链中断。理解成本推动通货膨胀对于政策制定者和消费者而言至关重要，因为它在多个层面上影响经济。例如，让我们考虑一家生产电子设备的制造公司。如果由于短缺，必需组件（如半导体）的价格突然上涨，公司面临更高的生产成本。为了保持利润率，公司可能决定提高产品价格。这在市场上形成了连锁反应，其他企业也可能因面临更高的成本而提高价格。因此，成本推动通货膨胀可能在经济的各个领域造成价格上涨的循环。另一个导致成本推动通货膨胀的因素是工资上涨。当工人要求更高的工资时，企业通常会通过提高价格将这些成本转嫁给消费者。例如，如果一家快餐连锁店为了吸引人才而提高员工工资，它可能随后会提高菜单项的价格。这种情况展示了工资通货膨胀如何导致成本推动通货膨胀，不仅影响快餐行业，还影响农业和运输等相关行业，这些行业为食品生产提供原材料。此外，外部冲击也可能导致成本推动通货膨胀。自然灾害、地缘政治紧张局势或疫情等事件可能会扰乱供应链并增加成本。例如，在COVID-19大流行期间，由于封锁和限制，许多行业面临必需材料的短缺。随着公司努力寻找供应，生产成本增加，导致消费者价格上涨。这种情况说明了不可预见的情况如何触发成本推动通货膨胀，对全球经济产生影响。政策制定者必须仔细监测成本推动通货膨胀，因为它对经济稳定构成挑战。虽然中央银行通常使用货币政策来对抗需求拉动的通货膨胀（即当需求超过供应时发生），但成本推动通货膨胀需要不同的策略。提高利率以抑制通货膨胀可能无效，如果根本原因在于生产成本而非消费者需求。总之，理解成本推动通货膨胀的概念对于理解经济的复杂性至关重要。它突显了各种因素，从工资上涨到外部冲击，都可以导致价格上涨。作为消费者，我们可能在日常生活中通过商品和服务的价格上涨感受到成本推动通货膨胀的影响。因此，个人和政策制定者都必须保持警惕，以有效应对这一经济现象带来的挑战。