consumer surplus

简明释义

消费者剩余

英英释义

例句

1.The consumer surplus in the market increases when prices drop due to a sale.

当由于促销而价格下降时，市场中的消费者剩余增加。

2.Government subsidies can lead to an increase in consumer surplus by lowering prices.

政府补贴可以通过降低价格来增加消费者剩余。

3.When consumers purchase a product for less than what they are willing to pay, they experience a consumer surplus.

当消费者以低于他们愿意支付的价格购买产品时，他们会体验到消费者剩余。

4.Understanding consumer surplus helps businesses optimize their pricing strategies.

理解消费者剩余有助于企业优化其定价策略。

5.A new study shows that the consumer surplus from online shopping is significantly higher than traditional shopping.

一项新研究表明，在线购物的消费者剩余明显高于传统购物。

作文

Consumer surplus is a fundamental concept in economics that refers to the difference between what consumers are willing to pay for a good or service and what they actually pay. This difference represents the benefit that consumers receive from purchasing a product at a lower price than they were prepared to pay. Understanding consumer surplus (消费者剩余) is crucial for both businesses and policymakers, as it provides insights into consumer behavior and market efficiency.To illustrate this concept, consider a scenario where a consumer is interested in buying a new smartphone. Suppose the consumer is willing to pay up to $800 for the latest model because of its advanced features and capabilities. However, the actual market price for the smartphone is $600. In this case, the consumer experiences a consumer surplus (消费者剩余) of $200. This surplus is the additional satisfaction or utility the consumer gains from paying less than their maximum willingness to pay.The concept of consumer surplus (消费者剩余) can be graphically represented using a supply and demand curve. On a standard graph, the demand curve slopes downward, indicating that as the price of a good decreases, the quantity demanded increases. The area above the market price and below the demand curve represents the total consumer surplus (消费者剩余) in the market. This area reflects the collective benefit that all consumers receive from purchasing the good at a price lower than their maximum willingness to pay.From a business perspective, understanding consumer surplus (消费者剩余) can help companies make informed pricing decisions. By analyzing how much consumers value their products, businesses can set prices that maximize their revenue while still providing value to consumers. For example, if a company knows that its target market is willing to pay more than the current price, it might consider raising prices to capture more of the consumer surplus (消费者剩余). However, this must be balanced with the risk of losing customers if the price increase is too high.Policymakers also find the concept of consumer surplus (消费者剩余) valuable when evaluating the impact of taxes, subsidies, and regulations on consumer welfare. For instance, if a government imposes a tax on a particular good, the price may rise, leading to a decrease in consumer surplus (消费者剩余). Conversely, if the government provides subsidies to reduce the price of essential goods, this can increase consumer surplus (消费者剩余) by making those goods more affordable for consumers.In conclusion, consumer surplus (消费者剩余) is an essential measure of consumer benefit in economic transactions. It not only helps consumers understand the value they receive from their purchases but also aids businesses and policymakers in making strategic decisions. By recognizing the significance of consumer surplus (消费者剩余), we can better appreciate the dynamics of market behavior and the overall efficiency of the economy. As consumers, being aware of our own consumer surplus (消费者剩余) can empower us to make better purchasing decisions, ensuring that we derive maximum satisfaction from our spending.

消费者剩余是经济学中的一个基本概念，指的是消费者愿意为某种商品或服务支付的价格与他们实际支付的价格之间的差额。这个差额代表了消费者在以低于他们准备支付的价格购买产品时所获得的利益。理解消费者剩余（consumer surplus）对企业和政策制定者至关重要，因为它提供了关于消费者行为和市场效率的见解。为了说明这一概念，考虑一个消费者想要购买新智能手机的场景。假设消费者愿意为最新型号支付高达800美元，因为其先进的功能和能力。然而，智能手机的实际市场价格为600美元。在这种情况下，消费者获得了200美元的消费者剩余（consumer surplus）。这个剩余是消费者在支付低于其最高支付意愿的价格时所获得的额外满意度或效用。消费者剩余（consumer surplus）的概念可以通过供需曲线进行图形化表示。在标准图表上，需求曲线向下倾斜，表明随着商品价格的降低，需求量增加。市场价格之上的区域和需求曲线之下的区域表示市场中的总消费者剩余（consumer surplus）。这个区域反映了所有消费者在以低于其最高支付意愿的价格购买商品时所获得的集体利益。从商业角度来看，理解消费者剩余（consumer surplus）可以帮助公司做出明智的定价决策。通过分析消费者对其产品的价值，企业可以设定价格，以最大化其收入，同时仍然为消费者提供价值。例如，如果一家公司知道其目标市场愿意支付比当前价格更高的价格，它可能会考虑提高价格，以捕获更多的消费者剩余（consumer surplus）。然而，这必须与价格上涨过高而失去客户的风险相平衡。政策制定者在评估税收、补贴和法规对消费者福利的影响时，也发现消费者剩余（consumer surplus）的概念非常有价值。例如，如果政府对某种商品征税，价格可能会上涨，从而导致消费者剩余（consumer surplus）的减少。相反，如果政府提供补贴以降低基本商品的价格，这可以通过使这些商品对消费者更实惠而增加消费者剩余（consumer surplus）。总之，消费者剩余（consumer surplus）是经济交易中消费者利益的重要衡量标准。它不仅帮助消费者理解他们从购买中获得的价值，还帮助企业和政策制定者做出战略决策。通过认识到消费者剩余（consumer surplus）的重要性，我们可以更好地理解市场行为的动态和经济的整体效率。作为消费者，意识到我们自己的消费者剩余（consumer surplus）可以使我们更有能力做出更好的购买决策，确保我们从消费中获得最大的满意度。