consumer price index

简明释义

消费者物价指数

英英释义

例句

1.The government reported an increase in the consumer price index 消费者物价指数, indicating rising inflation.

政府报告称，消费者物价指数 consumer price index 上升，表明通货膨胀加剧。

2.The consumer price index 消费者物价指数 is a key indicator of economic health.

消费者物价指数 consumer price index 是经济健康的重要指标。

3.Central banks often adjust interest rates based on changes in the consumer price index 消费者物价指数.

中央银行通常根据消费者物价指数 consumer price index 的变化来调整利率。

4.Analysts predict that the consumer price index 消费者物价指数 will continue to rise due to higher energy costs.

分析师预测，由于能源成本上升，消费者物价指数 consumer price index 将继续上涨。

5.A rising consumer price index 消费者物价指数 can erode purchasing power.

上涨的消费者物价指数 consumer price index 可能会侵蚀购买力。

作文

The consumer price index (CPI) is a crucial economic indicator that measures the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. It reflects the inflation rate and provides insights into the purchasing power of consumers. Understanding the consumer price index is essential for both policymakers and individuals as it affects various aspects of the economy, including interest rates, wages, and social security benefits.To comprehend the significance of the consumer price index, one must first grasp how it is calculated. The CPI is determined by collecting price data on a wide range of items, including food, clothing, housing, transportation, and medical care. These items are categorized into different groups, and their prices are tracked over time to identify trends. The resulting data is then used to calculate the index, which can be compared to previous periods to assess inflation or deflation.Inflation, as indicated by the consumer price index, occurs when the overall price level rises, leading to a decrease in the purchasing power of money. For instance, if the CPI increases by 2% in a year, it means that, on average, consumers will need to spend 2% more to purchase the same goods and services they bought the previous year. This rise in prices can be attributed to various factors, such as increased demand, rising production costs, or changes in government policy.On the other hand, a decrease in the consumer price index indicates deflation, which can be just as concerning as inflation. Deflation can lead to reduced consumer spending, as people may delay purchases in anticipation of lower prices in the future. This behavior can slow down economic growth and lead to higher unemployment rates.The consumer price index also plays a vital role in shaping monetary policy. Central banks, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States, closely monitor the CPI to make informed decisions about interest rates. If inflation is rising too quickly, the central bank may decide to increase interest rates to cool down the economy. Conversely, if the CPI shows signs of deflation, the central bank may lower interest rates to encourage borrowing and spending.For individuals, understanding the consumer price index can help in personal financial planning. It allows consumers to anticipate changes in the cost of living and adjust their budgets accordingly. For example, if the CPI indicates that food prices are rising, consumers might choose to buy less expensive alternatives or reduce their consumption of certain products.Furthermore, the consumer price index is often used to adjust payments for inflation-linked contracts, such as pensions and social security benefits. This adjustment ensures that these payments maintain their purchasing power over time, providing financial stability for recipients.In conclusion, the consumer price index is a vital tool for understanding economic conditions and making informed decisions. Its impact extends beyond mere statistics; it influences monetary policy, personal finance, and the overall health of the economy. By keeping an eye on the CPI, consumers and policymakers alike can better navigate the complexities of the economic landscape and make choices that promote financial well-being.

消费者物价指数（CPI）是一个关键的经济指标，衡量城市消费者为一篮子消费品和服务所支付的价格随时间的平均变化。它反映了通货膨胀率，并提供了对消费者购买力的洞察。理解消费者物价指数对于政策制定者和个人都是至关重要的，因为它影响经济的各个方面，包括利率、工资和社会保障福利。要理解消费者物价指数的重要性，首先必须了解它是如何计算的。CPI通过收集食品、服装、住房、交通和医疗保健等广泛项目的价格数据来确定。这些项目被分类为不同组别，其价格随时间跟踪以识别趋势。然后使用这些数据计算指数，可以与之前的时期进行比较，以评估通货膨胀或通货紧缩。如消费者物价指数所示，通货膨胀发生在整体价格水平上升时，导致货币购买力下降。例如，如果CPI在一年内增加2%，这意味着消费者平均需要多花2%才能购买与前一年相同的商品和服务。这种价格上涨可以归因于各种因素，例如需求增加、生产成本上升或政府政策变化。另一方面，消费者物价指数的下降表明通货紧缩，这同样令人担忧。通货紧缩可能导致消费者支出减少，因为人们可能会推迟购买以期待未来更低的价格。这种行为可能减缓经济增长并导致失业率上升。消费者物价指数在制定货币政策中也发挥着重要作用。各国中央银行，如美国的联邦储备委员会，密切关注CPI，以便做出关于利率的明智决策。如果通货膨胀过快上升，中央银行可能决定提高利率以冷却经济。相反，如果CPI显示出通货紧缩的迹象，中央银行可能会降低利率以鼓励借贷和消费。对于个人而言，理解消费者物价指数可以帮助进行个人财务规划。它使消费者能够预测生活成本的变化，并相应调整预算。例如，如果CPI表明食品价格正在上涨，消费者可能会选择购买更便宜的替代品或减少某些产品的消费。此外，消费者物价指数通常用于调整与通货膨胀挂钩的合同支付，例如养老金和社会保障福利。这种调整确保这些支付随着时间的推移保持其购买力，为接受者提供财务稳定。总之，消费者物价指数是理解经济状况和做出明智决策的重要工具。它的影响超越了简单的统计数据；它影响货币政策、个人财务和经济的整体健康。通过关注CPI，消费者和政策制定者可以更好地驾驭经济环境的复杂性，并做出促进财务健康的选择。