allocative efficiency

简明释义

配置效率

英英释义

例句

1.A welfare economy seeks to maximize allocative efficiency 资源配置效率 to ensure that resources are used where they are most valued.

福利经济力求最大化资源配置效率，以确保资源被用于最有价值的地方。

2.When resources are allocated according to consumer preferences, the market achieves allocative efficiency 资源配置效率.

当资源根据消费者偏好进行分配时，市场实现了资源配置效率。

3.In a perfectly competitive market, firms achieve allocative efficiency 资源配置效率 by producing goods at a price equal to the marginal cost.

在一个完全竞争的市场中，企业通过以等于边际成本的价格生产商品来实现资源配置效率。

4.Improving allocative efficiency 资源配置效率 can lead to better outcomes for both producers and consumers in the market.

提高资源配置效率可以为市场中的生产者和消费者带来更好的结果。

5.The government aims to enhance allocative efficiency 资源配置效率 by regulating monopolies and preventing price gouging.

政府旨在通过监管垄断行为和防止价格欺诈来提高资源配置效率。

作文

Allocative efficiency is a crucial concept in economics that refers to the optimal distribution of resources in a way that maximizes the total benefit to society. When an economy achieves allocative efficiency, it means that resources are allocated in such a manner that the last unit produced is valued at the same price as the cost of producing it. This situation occurs when the price of a good or service reflects the marginal cost of producing it, ensuring that consumer preferences are met without any wastage of resources. In simpler terms, allocative efficiency occurs when resources are used to produce goods and services that are most wanted by consumers, thereby maximizing overall satisfaction.To understand allocative efficiency, it is essential to consider the role of supply and demand in the market. The interaction between these two forces determines the prices of goods and services. When demand for a product increases, prices tend to rise, signaling producers to allocate more resources toward the production of that particular good. Conversely, if demand decreases, prices fall, prompting producers to divert resources elsewhere. In a perfectly competitive market, this dynamic leads to an equilibrium where the quantity supplied matches the quantity demanded, resulting in allocative efficiency.However, achieving allocative efficiency is not always straightforward. Various factors can lead to market failures, where the allocation of resources does not reflect consumer preferences. For instance, externalities, which are costs or benefits incurred by third parties not directly involved in a transaction, can distort the true cost of production. A common example is pollution from a factory that affects nearby residents. In this case, the factory may produce more than the socially optimal level of output because it does not bear the full costs of its actions. As a result, resources are misallocated, leading to a loss of allocative efficiency.Another factor that can hinder allocative efficiency is the presence of monopolies or oligopolies in the market. These market structures allow firms to set prices above the competitive level, reducing consumer surplus and leading to an inefficient allocation of resources. In such cases, regulatory interventions may be necessary to promote competition and restore allocative efficiency.Furthermore, information asymmetry, where one party in a transaction has more or better information than the other, can also prevent allocative efficiency. For example, if consumers are unaware of the true quality of a product, they may make suboptimal purchasing decisions, leading to an inefficient allocation of resources. Addressing these information gaps through education and transparency can help improve allocative efficiency in the market.In conclusion, allocative efficiency plays a vital role in ensuring that resources are used in the most effective way possible, ultimately benefiting society as a whole. By understanding the dynamics of supply and demand, recognizing potential market failures, and addressing issues like monopolies and information asymmetry, policymakers can work towards creating an environment that fosters allocative efficiency. In doing so, we can enhance overall welfare and ensure that the needs and wants of consumers are met in a sustainable manner. Thus, the pursuit of allocative efficiency is not just an economic objective but a fundamental principle for achieving a balanced and prosperous society.

资源配置效率是经济学中一个重要的概念，指的是以最大化社会总福利的方式最优地分配资源。当一个经济体实现了资源配置效率时，意味着资源的分配使得最后生产的单位的价值与生产该单位的成本相同。这种情况发生在商品或服务的价格反映其边际生产成本时，确保消费者的偏好得到满足，而不会浪费资源。简单来说，当资源用于生产消费者最需要的商品和服务时，就会实现资源配置效率，从而最大化整体满意度。要理解资源配置效率，必须考虑市场中供需的作用。这两种力量的相互作用决定了商品和服务的价格。当某一产品的需求增加时，价格往往会上涨，这会向生产者发出信号，促使他们将更多资源分配到该商品的生产上。相反，如果需求减少，价格会下降，促使生产者将资源转移到其他地方。在一个完全竞争的市场中，这种动态导致均衡状态的形成，在这一状态下，供应的数量与需求的数量相匹配，从而实现资源配置效率。然而，实现资源配置效率并非总是简单明了。各种因素可能导致市场失灵，即资源的分配未能反映消费者的偏好。例如，外部性，即由不直接参与交易的第三方产生的成本或收益，可能会扭曲生产的真实成本。一个常见的例子是工厂排放的污染影响附近居民。在这种情况下，工厂可能生产超过社会最优水平的产出，因为它没有承担其行为的全部成本。因此，资源被误配置，导致资源配置效率的损失。另一种可能妨碍资源配置效率的因素是市场中的垄断或寡头现象。这些市场结构允许公司将价格设定在竞争水平之上，从而减少消费者剩余，并导致资源的非效率配置。在这种情况下，可能需要监管干预以促进竞争并恢复资源配置效率。此外，信息不对称，即交易中一方拥有比另一方更多或更好的信息，也可能阻碍资源配置效率。例如，如果消费者不知道产品的真实质量，他们可能做出次优的购买决策，导致资源的非效率配置。通过教育和透明度来解决这些信息差距可以帮助改善市场中的资源配置效率。总之，资源配置效率在确保资源尽可能有效利用方面起着至关重要的作用，最终使整个社会受益。通过理解供需动态、识别潜在的市场失灵以及解决垄断和信息不对称等问题，政策制定者可以努力创造一个促进资源配置效率的环境。在此过程中，我们可以提高整体福利，确保消费者的需求和愿望以可持续的方式得到满足。因此，追求资源配置效率不仅仅是一个经济目标，而是实现平衡与繁荣社会的基本原则。