proenzyme

简明释义

英[prəʊˈenzaɪm]美[proʊˈenˌzaɪm]

n. [生化] 酶原

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Results MMP-3 proenzyme protein could be detected in normal rat liver.

结果在正常大鼠肝组织中有MMP -3的酶原表达。

2.Results MMP-3 proenzyme protein could be detected in normal rat liver.

结果在正常大鼠肝组织中有MMP -3的酶原表达。

3.When proenzymes are secreted by the pancreas, they remain inactive until they reach the small intestine.

当前酶由胰腺分泌时，它们保持不活跃，直到到达小肠。

4.Many proenzymes are activated by specific conditions, such as changes in pH or the presence of other enzymes.

许多前酶通过特定条件激活，例如pH值变化或其他酶的存在。

5.The digestive system uses a variety of enzymes, including the inactive form known as proenzyme, which is activated in the stomach.

消化系统使用多种酶，包括被称为前酶的非活性形式，它在胃中被激活。

6.The activation of proenzymes is a critical step in metabolic pathways.

激活前酶是代谢途径中的关键步骤。

7.In the process of digestion, proenzymes are crucial for breaking down proteins into amino acids.

在消化过程中，前酶对将蛋白质分解为氨基酸至关重要。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, the term proenzyme refers to an inactive precursor of an enzyme. These molecules play a crucial role in various biological processes by ensuring that enzymes are activated only when needed. For instance, many digestive enzymes are synthesized as proenzymes, which prevents them from digesting the very cells that produce them. This mechanism is vital for maintaining cellular integrity and function. The activation of a proenzyme typically occurs through a biochemical process known as proteolytic cleavage, where specific peptide bonds within the proenzyme are broken, leading to the formation of the active enzyme. A well-known example of this is pepsinogen, a proenzyme produced in the stomach. When food enters the stomach, pepsinogen is converted into its active form, pepsin, by the acidic environment. This conversion allows pepsin to begin the digestion of proteins, showcasing how proenzymes are essential for proper digestive function.The regulation of proenzymes is critical in various physiological processes. For instance, during inflammation or tissue injury, certain proenzymes are activated to help in healing and repair. However, if these proenzymes are activated prematurely, they can lead to tissue damage and contribute to diseases such as pancreatitis, where the pancreas begins to digest itself due to the early activation of digestive proenzymes. Understanding the role of proenzymes extends beyond just digestion; it also encompasses various metabolic pathways and signaling mechanisms within the body. For example, the coagulation cascade involves several proenzymes that, once activated, lead to blood clotting. This intricate system ensures that bleeding stops effectively while also preventing excessive clot formation that could lead to thrombosis.In the field of medicine and biotechnology, proenzymes are of significant interest. Researchers are exploring ways to manipulate proenzymes for therapeutic purposes, potentially leading to advancements in drug design and treatment strategies for various conditions. By understanding how to control the activation of proenzymes, scientists hope to develop targeted therapies that minimize side effects and enhance efficacy.Moreover, the study of proenzymes can provide insights into evolutionary biology. Many organisms have developed unique proenzymes adapted to their specific environments, showcasing the diversity of life and the various strategies organisms use to survive. This evolutionary perspective highlights the importance of proenzymes not just in individual organisms, but also in the broader context of ecosystems and evolutionary adaptations.In conclusion, the concept of proenzyme is fundamental in understanding enzymatic activity and regulation within biological systems. From digestion to healing and even evolutionary adaptations, proenzymes serve as a testament to the complexity of life at the molecular level. As research continues to unveil the intricacies of proenzymes, it is clear that they hold significant potential for future scientific advancements and medical breakthroughs.

在生物化学领域，术语proenzyme指的是酶的非活性前体。这些分子在各种生物过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，确保酶仅在需要时激活。例如，许多消化酶以proenzyme的形式合成，这防止它们消化产生它们的细胞。这一机制对于维持细胞完整性和功能至关重要。proenzyme的激活通常通过一种称为蛋白水解切割的生化过程来进行，在此过程中，proenzyme内的特定肽键被打破，从而形成活性酶。一个众所周知的例子是胃中产生的胃蛋白酶原（pepsinogen），当食物进入胃时，胃蛋白酶原在酸性环境中转化为其活性形式——胃蛋白酶（pepsin），这种转化使胃蛋白酶能够开始消化蛋白质，展示了proenzymes对适当消化功能的重要性。proenzymes的调节在各种生理过程中至关重要。例如，在炎症或组织损伤期间，某些proenzymes被激活以帮助愈合和修复。然而，如果这些proenzymes过早激活，可能导致组织损伤并促成如胰腺炎等疾病的发生，此时胰腺因消化自身的消化proenzymes而开始自我消化。理解proenzymes的作用不仅限于消化；它还涉及体内的各种代谢途径和信号机制。例如，凝血级联反应涉及几种proenzymes，一旦被激活，就会导致血液凝固。这一复杂系统确保出血有效停止，同时也防止过度凝块形成，从而导致血栓症。在医学和生物技术领域，proenzymes引起了广泛的关注。研究人员正在探索操控proenzymes以用于治疗目的的方法，可能会引领药物设计和各种病症治疗策略的进步。通过理解如何控制proenzymes的激活，科学家希望开发出靶向疗法，以最小化副作用并增强疗效。此外，对proenzymes的研究可以提供对进化生物学的见解。许多生物体发展出了适应其特定环境的独特proenzymes，展示了生命的多样性以及生物体为生存所采取的各种策略。这一进化视角强调了proenzymes在个体生物体及更广泛的生态系统和进化适应中的重要性。总之，proenzyme的概念在理解生物系统内酶的活动和调节方面是基础性的。从消化到愈合，甚至进化适应，proenzymes证明了生命在分子水平上的复杂性。随着研究不断揭示proenzymes的复杂性，显然它们在未来的科学进步和医学突破中具有重要潜力。