cofactor

简明释义

英[ˈkəʊfæktə]美[ˈkoˌfæktər]

n. [生化] 辅因子

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Covalent catalysis involves the substrate forming a transient covalent bond with residues in the active site or with a cofactor.

共价催化涉及底物与活性位点中的残基或与辅因子形成瞬时共价键。

2.This paper elaborates several features of the sum of the cofactor of a determinant and provides the method to calculate the determinant of a Matrix by the sum of the cofactor of a determinant.

给出有关代数余子式之和的几个性质并予以证明，且给出利用代数余子式之和计算行列式的方法。

3.The biosensor based on fresh tender corn umbilicus pulp has a long usable lifetime and fast potentiometric response without additional cofactor of Pyruvate decarboxylase.

接上由新鲜玉米脐提取的丙酮酸脱羧酶的传感器具有响应速度快、使用寿命较长且无需外加丙酮酸盐脱羧酶辅助因子。

4.Biotin is an essential cofactor that is important for energy production and lipid metabolism.

生物素也是协助产生体能的辅助因素，对优化能量供应链和协调脂肪代谢非常重要。

5.The metal ion may be the catalytic center of the cofactor, or it may serve to bind the enzyme and substrate together to hold the enzyme in a catalytically active conformation.

金属离子可以是辅助因素的催化中心，也可以帮助形成酶活性所必须的构象。

6.Cofactor regeneration system is the key step for the biocatalysis and biotransformation of chemicals by oxidoreductases.

辅酶再生是实现氧化还原酶催化反应的必需步骤，是关系到氧化还原酶工业应用的关键。

7.These enzymatic reactions may do not need any cofactor and do not release electrons.

这些酶促反应不需要辅助因子参与，不释放电子。

8.An enzyme without its cofactor is termed an apoenzyme.

没有辅助因子的酶叫做脱辅酶。

9.These results suggest that MK-447 may selectively enhance the prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) level by acting as a tryptophan-like cofactor of PG endoperoxide synthetase.

研究结果提示，MK-447很可能是通过作为前列腺素酯氧酶色氨酸样协同因子，从而发挥选择性增加PGI_2生成的作用。

10.The enzyme requires a specific cofactor 辅因子 to catalyze the reaction effectively.

该酶需要特定的辅因子才能有效催化反应。

11.In biochemistry, a metal ion often acts as a cofactor 辅因子 for various enzymes.

在生物化学中，金属离子通常作为各种酶的辅因子。

12.Vitamins can serve as essential cofactors 辅因子 in metabolic reactions.

维生素可以作为代谢反应中的必要辅因子。

13.Deficiencies in certain cofactors 辅因子 can lead to metabolic disorders.

某些辅因子的缺乏可能导致代谢紊乱。

14.Researchers are studying how different cofactors 辅因子 influence enzyme activity.

研究人员正在研究不同的辅因子如何影响酶的活性。

作文

In the intricate world of biochemistry, the term cofactor refers to a non-protein chemical compound that is required for the biological activity of a protein. Cofactors can be metal ions, such as zinc or magnesium, or organic molecules, often termed coenzymes, like vitamins. These substances play a crucial role in facilitating various biochemical reactions within living organisms. Understanding the function of cofactor is essential for comprehending how enzymes work and how metabolic pathways are regulated.Enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, often require the presence of cofactors to function effectively. Without these essential molecules, many enzymes would be inactive, leading to a halt in critical biological processes. For instance, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which helps regulate pH levels in the blood, requires a zinc ion as its cofactor. This highlights the importance of cofactors not only in enzyme activity but also in maintaining homeostasis within the body.Moreover, the role of cofactors extends beyond mere assistance in enzymatic reactions. They can also influence the structure and stability of enzymes. Some cofactors bind tightly to their respective enzymes, forming a stable complex that enhances the enzyme's functionality. On the other hand, some cofactors may bind loosely and can be easily released after the reaction has occurred, allowing them to participate in multiple enzymatic processes. This dynamic interaction between enzymes and cofactors is vital for the efficiency of metabolic pathways.In addition to their functional roles, cofactors also have significant implications in health and nutrition. Many vitamins act as coenzymes, and deficiencies in these vitamins can lead to a lack of cofactors, resulting in impaired enzyme function and various health issues. For example, vitamin B6 serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism. A deficiency in this vitamin can lead to neurological disorders and anemia, demonstrating the direct connection between cofactors and overall health.Furthermore, the study of cofactors has paved the way for advancements in medicine and biotechnology. By understanding how cofactors interact with enzymes, scientists can design drugs that target specific biochemical pathways. This knowledge is particularly useful in developing treatments for diseases where enzyme dysfunction is a key factor, such as certain metabolic disorders or cancers. By manipulating cofactors, researchers can enhance or inhibit enzyme activity, providing a powerful tool for therapeutic intervention.In conclusion, the concept of cofactor is fundamental in the field of biochemistry. These non-protein molecules are indispensable for the proper functioning of enzymes and play a significant role in various biological processes. Their influence on enzyme activity, structural stability, and health outcomes underscores the importance of cofactors in both basic research and clinical applications. As we continue to explore the complexities of biochemistry, the study of cofactors will undoubtedly remain a vital area of focus, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms that sustain life.

在生物化学的复杂世界中，术语cofactor指的是一种非蛋白质化学化合物，它是蛋白质生物活性所必需的。辅因子可以是金属离子，如锌或镁，或有机分子，通常称为辅酶，如维生素。这些物质在促进生物体内各种生化反应中发挥着至关重要的作用。理解cofactor的功能对于理解酶如何工作以及代谢途径如何调节是必不可少的。酶是催化化学反应的蛋白质，通常需要cofactors的存在才能有效地发挥作用。没有这些必需的分子，许多酶将处于非活性状态，从而导致关键生物过程的停止。例如，碳酸酐酶是一种帮助调节血液pH水平的酶，它需要锌离子作为其cofactor。这突显了cofactors在酶活性和维持体内稳态方面的重要性。此外，cofactors的作用不仅限于协助酶促反应。它们还可以影响酶的结构和稳定性。一些cofactors与各自的酶紧密结合，形成一个稳定的复合物，从而增强酶的功能。另一方面，一些cofactors可能会松散结合，并且在反应发生后可以轻易释放，从而使它们能够参与多个酶促过程。这种酶与cofactors之间的动态相互作用对代谢途径的效率至关重要。除了它们的功能角色外，cofactors在健康和营养方面也具有重要意义。许多维生素作为辅酶发挥作用，而这些维生素的缺乏可能导致缺乏cofactors，从而导致酶功能受损和各种健康问题。例如，维生素B6作为参与氨基酸代谢的酶的cofactor。缺乏这种维生素可能导致神经系统疾病和贫血，显示了cofactors与整体健康之间的直接联系。此外，对cofactors的研究为医学和生物技术的进步铺平了道路。通过了解cofactors如何与酶相互作用，科学家可以设计针对特定生化途径的药物。这种知识在开发治疗酶功能障碍（如某些代谢疾病或癌症）为关键因素的疾病的治疗方案时特别有用。通过操控cofactors，研究人员可以增强或抑制酶活性，为治疗干预提供强大的工具。总之，cofactor的概念在生物化学领域是基础性的。这些非蛋白质分子对于酶的正常功能是不可或缺的，并在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用。它们对酶活性、结构稳定性和健康结果的影响突显了cofactors在基础研究和临床应用中的重要性。随着我们继续探索生物化学的复杂性，cofactors的研究无疑将继续成为一个重要的关注领域，揭示维持生命的复杂机制。