turbulent boundary layer

简明释义

湍流边界层

英英释义

例句

1.Understanding the behavior of the turbulent boundary layer is crucial for improving energy efficiency in buildings.

理解湍流边界层的行为对于提高建筑物的能效至关重要。

2.Engineers must account for the turbulent boundary layer when designing bridges to ensure stability.

工程师在设计桥梁时必须考虑到湍流边界层以确保稳定性。

3.The aircraft's performance can be significantly affected by the characteristics of the turbulent boundary layer.

飞机的性能会受到湍流边界层特性的显著影响。

4.In wind tunnel experiments, researchers often study the effects of the turbulent boundary layer on model aerodynamics.

在风洞实验中，研究人员通常研究湍流边界层对模型气动特性的影响。

5.The turbulent boundary layer plays a key role in the mixing of pollutants in urban environments.

在城市环境中，湍流边界层在污染物混合中起着关键作用。

作文

In the field of fluid dynamics, understanding the concept of a turbulent boundary layer is essential for analyzing how fluids interact with solid surfaces. A turbulent boundary layer refers to the region of fluid flow that is affected by viscosity and turbulence near a surface. This phenomenon occurs when the flow velocity increases, leading to chaotic and irregular motions of the fluid particles. The study of this layer is crucial in various applications, including aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and environmental engineering.One of the key characteristics of a turbulent boundary layer is its ability to enhance momentum, heat, and mass transfer between the fluid and the surface. When a fluid flows over a surface, the velocity of the fluid at the surface is zero due to the no-slip condition. As you move away from the surface, the velocity increases until it reaches the free-stream velocity. In a laminar boundary layer, this transition is smooth and predictable. However, in a turbulent boundary layer, the flow becomes chaotic, leading to fluctuations in velocity and pressure.The transition from a laminar to a turbulent boundary layer can be influenced by several factors, including surface roughness, fluid viscosity, and flow velocity. For instance, when the surface is rough, it can trigger turbulence at lower velocities, resulting in a turbulent boundary layer forming sooner than it would on a smooth surface. This has significant implications in engineering designs, such as in the design of aircraft wings or ship hulls, where minimizing drag is critical.Moreover, the presence of a turbulent boundary layer affects the overall performance of vehicles moving through fluids. In aviation, for example, the design of an aircraft wing must consider the effects of a turbulent boundary layer on lift and drag. Engineers use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to predict how air will behave around the wing, allowing them to optimize the shape for better performance.In addition to engineering applications, understanding turbulent boundary layers is also important in environmental studies. For example, predicting how pollutants disperse in rivers or the atmosphere involves understanding how a turbulent boundary layer interacts with various substances. The mixing caused by turbulence can significantly influence the concentration of pollutants, affecting ecological systems and human health.In conclusion, the turbulent boundary layer is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics that plays a crucial role in various scientific and engineering disciplines. Its impact on momentum and heat transfer, as well as its influence on vehicle performance and environmental processes, highlights the importance of studying this phenomenon. By gaining a deeper understanding of the turbulent boundary layer, researchers and engineers can develop more efficient designs and better predict fluid behavior in complex systems.

在流体动力学领域，理解“湍流边界层”的概念对于分析流体与固体表面的相互作用至关重要。“湍流边界层”是指受粘性和湍流影响的流体流动区域，位于表面附近。当流动速度增加时，这种现象会导致流体颗粒的运动变得混乱和不规则。研究这一层次在航空动力学、水动力学和环境工程等各种应用中都是至关重要的。“湍流边界层”的一个关键特征是它能够增强流体与表面之间的动量、热量和质量传递。当流体流过表面时，流体在表面的速度由于无滑移条件而为零。随着你远离表面，速度逐渐增加，直到达到自由流速度。在层流边界层中，这一过渡是平滑且可预测的。然而，在“湍流边界层”中，流动变得混乱，导致速度和压力的波动。从层流到“湍流边界层”的过渡可以受到多个因素的影响，包括表面粗糙度、流体粘度和流动速度。例如，当表面粗糙时，它可以在较低的速度下触发湍流，从而导致“湍流边界层”比光滑表面更早形成。这在工程设计中具有重要意义，例如在飞机机翼或船体的设计中，最小化阻力至关重要。此外，“湍流边界层”的存在会影响通过流体移动的车辆的整体性能。在航空中，例如，飞机机翼的设计必须考虑“湍流边界层”对升力和阻力的影响。工程师使用计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟来预测空气如何在机翼周围流动，从而优化形状以提高性能。除了工程应用外，理解“湍流边界层”在环境研究中也很重要。例如，预测污染物在河流或大气中的扩散涉及了解“湍流边界层”如何与各种物质相互作用。湍流引起的混合可能显著影响污染物的浓度，从而影响生态系统和人类健康。总之，“湍流边界层”是流体动力学中的一个基本概念，在各种科学和工程学科中发挥着至关重要的作用。它对动量和热量传递的影响，以及对车辆性能和环境过程的影响，突显了研究这一现象的重要性。通过深入理解“湍流边界层”，研究人员和工程师可以开发出更高效的设计，并更好地预测复杂系统中的流体行为。