kinase

简明释义

英[ˈkaɪneɪz]美[ˈkaɪˌneɪs;ˈkɪnˌeɪs]

n. [生化]激酶；致活酶

n. （Kinase）人名；（日）木名濑（姓）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Products of viral oncogenes, most commonly retroviral oncogenes. They usually have transforming and often protein kinase activities.

病毒癌基因最常为逆转录病毒致癌基因的产物。通常具有转化和蛋白激酶活性。

2.Objective:To search for natural substrates of protein kinase CK2 in pig platelets.

目的：寻找猪血小板中蛋白激酶CK2可能的天然底物。

3.KIT protein is expressed in SCLC, and its kinase activity has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many tumours, including SCLC.

KIT蛋白在小细胞肺癌中表达，它的激酶活性与许多肿瘤的病理生理学都有联系，包括小细胞肺癌。

4.Cyclic AMP binds to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A: Protein kinase A phosphorylates phosphorylase kinase.

环腺苷酸结合蛋白激酶的调节亚基：一个磷酸化蛋白激酶磷酸化酶激酶。

5.Being deprived of even one essential amino acid is enough for the GCN2 kinase to switch the metabolism into an emergency mode.

即使是去除一种必需氨基酸也足够让GCN2激酶把代谢调到紧急模式。

6.The latter encodes a novel protein kinase with LIM domains and is strongly expressed in the brain.

后者以LIM范围编码了一个新奇的蛋白质激酶，并且在大脑中强烈地表达。

7.2,5- and 2,6-disubstituted benzazole analogues are used as protein kinase inhibitors.

2，5和2，6双取代氮茚类似物被用作蛋白激酶抑制剂。

8.Mutations in the kinase gene can lead to various genetic disorders.

激酶基因的突变可能导致各种遗传疾病。

9.The enzyme kinase plays a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways.

酶激酶在细胞信号传导途径中起着至关重要的作用。

10.Inhibiting the activity of kinase could provide a new strategy for treating diseases.

抑制激酶的活性可能为治疗疾病提供新的策略。

11.Researchers are studying the effects of a specific kinase on cancer cell growth.

研究人员正在研究特定激酶对癌细胞生长的影响。

12.The kinase cascade is essential for the regulation of metabolism.

激酶级联反应对代谢的调节至关重要。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, the term kinase refers to a specific type of enzyme that plays a crucial role in cellular processes. Enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions within living organisms, and kinases are particularly important because they facilitate the transfer of phosphate groups from high-energy molecules, such as ATP, to specific substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation, and it is vital for regulating various cellular functions, including metabolism, cell signaling, and the cell cycle.Phosphorylation, mediated by kinases, can significantly alter the activity of target proteins. For example, when a protein is phosphorylated, it may become activated or deactivated, depending on the context and the specific kinase involved. This regulatory mechanism is essential for maintaining homeostasis within cells and enabling them to respond appropriately to external stimuli, such as hormones or growth factors.There are numerous types of kinases, classified based on the substrates they act upon. Protein kinases, for instance, specifically phosphorylate amino acids in proteins, while lipid kinases target lipids. Additionally, kinases can be further categorized into two main groups: serine/threonine kinases and tyrosine kinases, depending on the specific amino acid residues they modify. This classification highlights the diversity and specificity of kinases in cellular signaling pathways.The significance of kinases extends beyond basic cellular functions; they are also implicated in various diseases, including cancer. Abnormal kinase activity can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation, which are hallmarks of cancerous cells. As a result, many targeted therapies have been developed to inhibit specific kinases that are overactive in certain cancers. These therapies aim to restore normal signaling pathways and halt tumor progression, showcasing the therapeutic potential of understanding kinases in disease contexts.Moreover, the study of kinases has expanded into the field of drug discovery. Researchers are continually exploring new compounds that can selectively inhibit or activate specific kinases. The goal is to create more effective treatments with fewer side effects, as traditional chemotherapy often affects both healthy and cancerous cells. By targeting kinases with precision, scientists hope to develop therapies that can specifically disrupt the signaling pathways driving disease progression.In summary, kinases are essential enzymes that play a pivotal role in regulating cellular functions through the process of phosphorylation. Their involvement in critical biological processes and diseases, particularly cancer, underscores their importance in both basic research and clinical applications. As our understanding of kinases continues to evolve, so too does the potential for innovative therapeutic strategies that harness their power to improve human health.

在生物化学领域，术语激酶指的是一种特定类型的酶，在细胞过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。酶是生物催化剂，加速活生物体内的化学反应，而激酶尤为重要，因为它们促进将高能分子（如ATP）中的磷酸基团转移到特定底物上。这个过程称为磷酸化，对于调节各种细胞功能，包括代谢、细胞信号传导和细胞周期至关重要。通过激酶介导的磷酸化可以显著改变目标蛋白的活性。例如，当一个蛋白质被磷酸化时，根据上下文和涉及的特定激酶，它可能变得活跃或失活。这种调节机制对于维持细胞内的稳态以及使其能够适当地响应外部刺激（例如激素或生长因子）至关重要。有许多类型的激酶，根据它们作用的底物进行分类。例如，蛋白质激酶专门磷酸化蛋白质中的氨基酸，而脂质激酶则针对脂质。此外，激酶还可以进一步分为两大类：丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶和酪氨酸激酶，具体取决于它们修饰的氨基酸残基。这种分类突显了激酶在细胞信号通路中的多样性和特异性。激酶的重要性超越了基本的细胞功能；它们还与各种疾病相关，包括癌症。异常的激酶活性可能导致细胞的无控制生长和增殖，这些都是癌细胞的特征。因此，许多靶向疗法已被开发出来，以抑制在某些癌症中过度活跃的特定激酶。这些疗法旨在恢复正常的信号通路，并阻止肿瘤进展，展示了在疾病背景下理解激酶的治疗潜力。此外，激酶的研究已经扩展到药物发现领域。研究人员不断探索新的化合物，以选择性地抑制或激活特定的激酶。目标是创造更有效且副作用更少的治疗方案，因为传统化疗通常同时影响健康和癌细胞。通过精确靶向激酶，科学家希望开发出能够专门破坏驱动疾病进展的信号通路的疗法。总之，激酶是重要的酶，通过磷酸化过程在调节细胞功能方面发挥着关键作用。它们在关键生物过程中和疾病（特别是癌症）中的参与，突显了它们在基础研究和临床应用中的重要性。随着我们对激酶的理解不断发展，利用它们的力量改善人类健康的创新治疗策略的潜力也在不断增加。