anisotropy

简明释义

英[ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi]美[ˌænɪˈsɑːtrəpi]

n. [物] 各向异性

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Deferent plutons composing Linglong composite granitoid batholith have deferent degrees of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility.

组成玲珑花岗岩基的各个岩体具有不同的磁化率各向异性度。

2.The dependence of aluminum dendrite growth on the initial nucleus radius, space step and anisotropy is investigated.

研究了初始晶核半径、空间步长和各向异性对纯铝枝晶生长的影响。

3.Based on the anisotropy induced by the critical stress line, the idea of transformation of stress space is presented.

从岩土类材料极限应力状态线所致的各向异性出发，提出了应力空间变换的思想。

4.With these data, an anisotropy factor can be calculated, and the horizontal well log curves can be corrected.

由此算出岩石各向异性系数，并对水平井电阻率曲线进行校正。

5.DTI fa maps and DEC maps displayed the orientation and anisotropy of white matter fiber in infarct area.

DTI FA值图及DEC图可以显示卒中病人梗死区白质纤维的方向与各向异性程度。

6.Moderate etch-rates and a high degree of anisotropy were obtained.

得到中等的蚀速和高度的各向异性腐蚀。

7.In data from NASA's Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), the program found four regions in the universe that were flagged as promising.

在美宇航局的威尔金森微波各向异性探测器(WMAP)【3】所获得的数据中，这个算法在宇宙中发现有四个地区，它们标记出有着良好的研究前景。

8.Fluorescence anisotropy assay was used to measure the mitochondria membrane fluidity.

用荧光分光光度法测定线粒体膜流动性。

9.The study of materials often reveals that their mechanical properties exhibit anisotropy (各向异性), which means they behave differently under stress depending on the direction of the applied force.

材料的研究通常揭示它们的机械特性表现出各向异性（各向异性），这意味着它们在应力下的行为取决于施加力的方向。

10.Researchers are investigating the anisotropy (各向异性) of biological tissues to improve imaging techniques in medical diagnostics.

研究人员正在研究生物组织的各向异性（各向异性），以改善医学诊断中的成像技术。

11.The anisotropy (各向异性) of the fabric influences how it drapes and behaves in different orientations when worn.

织物的各向异性（各向异性）影响其在穿着时在不同方向上的垂坠感和行为。

12.In geology, anisotropy (各向异性) can affect the way seismic waves travel through different rock layers.

在地质学中，各向异性（各向异性）可能会影响地震波穿过不同岩层的方式。

13.The anisotropy (各向异性) of a crystal can lead to unique optical properties that are useful in various applications.

晶体的各向异性（各向异性）可以导致独特的光学特性，这在各种应用中非常有用。

作文

In the realm of physics and materials science, the term anisotropy refers to the directional dependence of a material's properties. Unlike isotropic materials, which exhibit the same physical properties in all directions, anisotropic materials display variations in their characteristics based on the direction of measurement. This phenomenon is crucial in various fields, including engineering, geology, and biology, as it influences how materials behave under different stresses and conditions.One of the most common examples of anisotropy can be found in crystals. Crystalline structures often have a highly ordered arrangement of atoms, leading to distinct properties along different axes. For instance, graphite, a form of carbon, is known for its excellent electrical conductivity in the plane of its layers but is a poor conductor perpendicular to those layers. This difference arises from the way electrons move within the structure, showcasing the significance of anisotropy in determining material performance.In engineering applications, understanding anisotropy is vital when designing components that will experience varying loads. For example, composite materials, which are made from two or more constituent materials, often exhibit anisotropy due to the orientation of their fibers. Engineers must account for these differences to ensure that the materials can withstand the expected loads without failure. Failure to consider anisotropy could lead to catastrophic results, particularly in critical applications such as aerospace and civil engineering.Geologists also study anisotropy to better understand the Earth's subsurface. The mechanical properties of rocks can vary significantly depending on their orientation and the direction of applied stress. This knowledge is essential for predicting how rocks will behave during natural events like earthquakes or when subjected to human activities such as drilling. By analyzing the anisotropy of rock formations, geologists can make informed decisions about resource extraction and hazard assessment.Moreover, anisotropy is not limited to solid materials; it also appears in fluids. For instance, the viscosity of certain fluids can change depending on the direction of flow, a property known as shear-thinning or shear-thickening behavior. These phenomena are important in industries such as food processing and pharmaceuticals, where the flow characteristics of materials must be carefully controlled.In biology, anisotropy plays a role in understanding how biological tissues respond to mechanical forces. For example, tendons and ligaments exhibit anisotropy because their fibers are aligned in specific directions to withstand tensile loads. This alignment allows them to perform their functions effectively, but it also means that injuries can occur if forces are applied in unexpected directions.In conclusion, anisotropy is a fundamental concept that permeates many scientific disciplines. Its implications are far-reaching, affecting everything from the design of everyday products to our understanding of geological processes and biological functions. As research continues to evolve, the importance of recognizing and accounting for anisotropy will only grow, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary collaboration in tackling complex challenges across various fields. Understanding anisotropy not only enhances our knowledge of materials but also empowers us to innovate and improve the technologies that shape our world.

在物理学和材料科学领域，术语各向异性指的是材料特性对方向的依赖性。与各向同性材料不同，各向异性材料在测量方向上表现出特性的变化。这种现象在工程、地质学和生物学等多个领域至关重要，因为它影响材料在不同应力和条件下的行为。各向异性的一个常见例子可以在晶体中找到。晶体结构通常具有高度有序的原子排列，导致沿不同轴线的特性明显不同。例如，石墨是一种碳的形式，它在层面内的电导率极好，但垂直于这些层时则导电性较差。这种差异源于电子在结构中的运动方式，展示了各向异性在决定材料性能中的重要性。在工程应用中，理解各向异性对于设计将经历不同负载的组件至关重要。例如，复合材料由两种或多种成分材料制成，通常由于其纤维的取向而表现出各向异性。工程师必须考虑这些差异，以确保材料能够承受预期的负载而不发生失效。不考虑各向异性可能导致灾难性的结果，特别是在航空航天和土木工程等关键应用中。地质学家也研究各向异性以更好地理解地球的地下结构。岩石的机械特性可能因其取向和施加应力的方向而显著变化。这种知识对于预测岩石在自然事件（如地震）期间或在钻探等人类活动下的行为至关重要。通过分析岩石形成的各向异性，地质学家可以就资源开采和危险评估做出明智的决策。此外，各向异性不仅限于固体材料；它还出现在流体中。例如，某些流体的粘度可能会根据流动方向而变化，这种特性称为剪切稀化或剪切增稠行为。这些现象在食品加工和制药等行业中非常重要，在这些行业中，材料的流动特性必须得到仔细控制。在生物学中，各向异性在理解生物组织如何响应机械力方面发挥着作用。例如，肌腱和韧带表现出各向异性，因为它们的纤维沿特定方向排列，以承受拉伸负荷。这种排列使它们能够有效地执行功能，但这也意味着如果施加的力量方向意外，可能会发生损伤。总之，各向异性是一个基本概念，渗透到许多科学学科中。它的影响深远，影响从日常产品的设计到我们对地质过程和生物功能的理解。随着研究的不断发展，认识和考虑各向异性的重要性只会增加，强调了在解决各个领域复杂挑战时跨学科合作的必要性。理解各向异性不仅增强了我们对材料的认识，还使我们能够创新并改善塑造我们世界的技术。