thermal neutron reactor

简明释义

热中子反应堆

英英释义

例句

1.Many countries utilize a thermal neutron reactor 热中子反应堆 for their nuclear power generation needs.

许多国家利用热中子反应堆 thermal neutron reactor满足其核能发电需求。

2.Safety protocols are crucial when operating a thermal neutron reactor 热中子反应堆 to prevent radiation exposure.

在操作热中子反应堆 thermal neutron reactor时，安全协议至关重要，以防止辐射暴露。

3.The thermal neutron reactor 热中子反应堆 is known for its ability to efficiently convert uranium-235 into plutonium-239.

该热中子反应堆 thermal neutron reactor以其有效将铀-235转化为钚-239而闻名。

4.In a research facility, scientists use a thermal neutron reactor 热中子反应堆 to conduct experiments on nuclear fission.

在一个研究机构，科学家使用热中子反应堆 thermal neutron reactor进行核裂变实验。

5.The design of a thermal neutron reactor 热中子反应堆 requires careful consideration of fuel type and moderator materials.

一个热中子反应堆 thermal neutron reactor的设计需要仔细考虑燃料类型和慢化剂材料。

作文

The development of nuclear energy has transformed the way we generate electricity and has provided us with a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels. A crucial component in this field is the thermal neutron reactor, which plays a significant role in harnessing nuclear fission to produce energy. Understanding how a thermal neutron reactor operates is essential for comprehending modern nuclear technology and its applications.A thermal neutron reactor is a type of nuclear reactor that primarily uses thermal neutrons to sustain a chain reaction. Thermal neutrons are slow-moving neutrons that have been moderated, or slowed down, through interactions with materials known as moderators. Common moderators include water, heavy water, and graphite. The slowing down of neutrons increases the likelihood of them being captured by fissile nuclei, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, thus facilitating the fission process.One of the most notable examples of a thermal neutron reactor is the pressurized water reactor (PWR), which is widely used in commercial nuclear power plants around the world. In a PWR, water acts as both a coolant and a moderator. The reactor core contains fuel rods filled with enriched uranium, which undergoes fission when struck by thermal neutrons. The heat generated from this reaction is used to produce steam, which then drives turbines to generate electricity.The efficiency of a thermal neutron reactor is largely dependent on the quality of the moderator and the design of the reactor itself. The choice of moderator can significantly impact the neutron economy, which refers to the balance between the number of neutrons produced and those lost in the system. For instance, light water reactors utilize ordinary water, while heavy water reactors use deuterium oxide, which is more effective at slowing down neutrons without absorbing them.Safety is another critical aspect of thermal neutron reactors. These reactors are designed with multiple safety systems to prevent accidents and contain radioactive materials. The use of negative feedback mechanisms, such as control rods made of materials like boron or cadmium, allows operators to regulate the fission reaction effectively. In the event of an emergency, these control rods can be inserted into the reactor core to absorb excess neutrons and quickly shut down the reaction.Despite their advantages, thermal neutron reactors also face challenges, particularly regarding waste management and the potential for nuclear proliferation. The spent fuel from these reactors contains highly radioactive isotopes that require careful handling and long-term storage solutions. Additionally, the availability of enriched uranium raises concerns about the potential for diversion to nuclear weapons programs.In conclusion, the thermal neutron reactor is a pivotal technology in the field of nuclear energy, enabling the efficient production of electricity while presenting unique challenges. As the world continues to seek sustainable energy solutions, understanding the principles and operations of thermal neutron reactors will be essential for advancing nuclear technology and ensuring its safe and responsible use in the future.

核能的发展改变了我们发电的方式，并为我们提供了比化石燃料更清洁的替代方案。在这个领域中，热中子反应堆是一个至关重要的组成部分，它在利用核裂变产生能量方面发挥着重要作用。理解热中子反应堆的工作原理对于理解现代核技术及其应用至关重要。热中子反应堆是一种主要使用热中子维持链式反应的核反应堆。热中子是通过与被称为调节剂的材料相互作用而减速的慢速中子。常见的调节剂包括水、重水和石墨。中子的减速增加了它们被裂变核（如铀-235或钚-239）捕获的可能性，从而促进了裂变过程。热中子反应堆最著名的例子之一是压水反应堆（PWR），这种反应堆在全球商业核电厂中广泛使用。在PWR中，水既充当冷却剂又充当调节剂。反应堆核心包含填充有富集铀的燃料棒，当热中子撞击时，铀发生裂变。由此产生的热量用于产生蒸汽，然后驱动涡轮机发电。热中子反应堆的效率在很大程度上依赖于调节剂的质量和反应堆本身的设计。调节剂的选择会显著影响中子经济学，即产生的中子数量与系统中损失的中子之间的平衡。例如，轻水反应堆使用普通水，而重水反应堆则使用氘氧化物，后者在减速中子而不吸收它们方面更有效。安全性是热中子反应堆的另一个关键方面。这些反应堆设计有多重安全系统，以防止事故和控制放射性材料的释放。利用负反馈机制，例如由硼或镉等材料制成的控制棒，操作员可以有效地调节裂变反应。在紧急情况下，这些控制棒可以插入反应堆核心，以吸收多余的中子并迅速关闭反应。尽管有许多优点，热中子反应堆也面临挑战，特别是在废物管理和核扩散的潜在风险方面。这些反应堆的废燃料含有高度放射性的同位素，需要小心处理和长期存储解决方案。此外，富集铀的可用性引发了对可能转向核武器计划的担忧。总之，热中子反应堆是核能领域中的一项关键技术，使得高效的电力生产成为可能，同时也带来了独特的挑战。随着世界继续寻求可持续的能源解决方案，理解热中子反应堆的原理和操作将对于推动核技术的发展及确保其安全和负责任的使用至关重要。