microtubules

简明释义

英[ˌmaɪkrəˈtjuːbjuːlz]美[ˌmaɪkroʊˈtubjuls]

n. [细胞]微管（microtubule 的复数形式）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.During the rounding process spontaneous contractions stopped and microtubules and myofibrils depolymerized.

在变圆过程中微管及肌原纤维解聚，自发性收缩停止。

2.It is often observed that, in living cells, microtubules under compression severely buckle into short wavelengths.

实验室中经常发现在活细胞内，受压的微管皱曲为短波长的形状。

3.The rod-shaped filaments of the microtubules are responsible for dividing the chromosomes in a cell.

微管杆形丝担负划分细胞中染色体的角色。

4.In addition to phragmosome formation, preprophase is characterized by the formation of a ring of microtubules and actin filaments.

除了组块形成外，前期还以微管环和肌动蛋白丝的形成为特征。

5.Its mechanism is by preventing the formation of microtubules to prevent the spread of cancer cells.

它的作用机理是通过防止形成微管来防止癌细胞扩散的。

6.Numerous microtubules extended from the blepharoplast into cytoplasm.

大量微管从生毛体伸向细胞质。

7.During cell division, the spindle fibers are formed from microtubules, which help separate the chromosomes.

在细胞分裂过程中，纺锤丝由微管形成，帮助分离染色体。

8.In neurons, microtubules play a crucial role in transporting nutrients and signaling molecules.

在神经元中，微管在运输养分和信号分子方面发挥着关键作用。

9.The structure of microtubules consists of tubulin proteins that assemble into a hollow tube.

微管的结构由组装成空心管的微管蛋白组成。

10.In cilia and flagella, microtubules provide the necessary support for movement.

在纤毛和鞭毛中，微管提供了运动所需的支持。

11.Cancer treatments often target microtubules to disrupt the mitotic process of rapidly dividing cells.

癌症治疗通常针对微管以干扰快速分裂细胞的有丝分裂过程。

作文

Microtubules are essential components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. They are cylindrical structures made up of tubulin protein subunits and play a critical role in maintaining cell shape, enabling cellular movement, and facilitating intracellular transport. The dynamic nature of microtubules (微管) allows them to grow and shrink rapidly, which is crucial for various cellular processes such as mitosis and meiosis. During cell division, microtubules (微管) form the mitotic spindle, which ensures that chromosomes are accurately segregated into daughter cells. This process highlights their importance in the life cycle of a cell, as any errors in chromosome separation can lead to conditions like cancer.In addition to their structural roles, microtubules (微管) are also involved in the transport of organelles and vesicles within the cell. Motor proteins, such as kinesin and dynein, travel along microtubules (微管) to carry cellular cargo to specific locations. This transport system is akin to a railway system, where microtubules (微管) serve as the tracks, allowing for efficient and organized distribution of materials necessary for cell function.Furthermore, microtubules (微管) are vital for the formation of cilia and flagella, which are hair-like structures that protrude from the surface of some cells. These structures are responsible for cell motility and the movement of fluids across cellular surfaces. The arrangement of microtubules (微管) in these organelles follows a specific pattern known as the '9+2' structure, where nine doublet microtubules (微管) surround two central microtubules (微管). This unique configuration is crucial for the bending motion required for movement.Research has shown that the dysfunction of microtubules (微管) can lead to several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. In such conditions, abnormal protein aggregates can disrupt the normal dynamics of microtubules (微管), leading to impaired cellular functions and ultimately cell death. Understanding the biology of microtubules (微管) is therefore not only fundamental for cell biology but also for developing potential therapeutic strategies for various diseases.In conclusion, microtubules (微管) are indispensable elements of cellular architecture and function. Their roles extend beyond mere structural support; they are involved in critical processes such as cell division, intracellular transport, and motility. As research continues to unravel the complexities of microtubules (微管), it becomes increasingly clear that they are a focal point in understanding both normal cellular physiology and the pathology of diseases. The study of microtubules (微管) will undoubtedly contribute to advancements in biomedical science and therapeutic interventions in the future.

微管是真核细胞细胞骨架的重要组成部分。它们是由微管蛋白亚基构成的圆柱形结构，在维持细胞形状、使细胞运动和促进细胞内运输方面起着关键作用。微管的动态特性使其能够快速生长和收缩，这对有丝分裂和减数分裂等各种细胞过程至关重要。在细胞分裂过程中，微管形成有丝分裂纺锤体，确保染色体准确分离到子细胞中。这个过程凸显了它们在细胞生命周期中的重要性，因为任何染色体分离的错误都可能导致癌症等疾病。除了结构作用外，微管还参与细胞内细胞器和囊泡的运输。马达蛋白如驱动蛋白和动力蛋白沿着微管移动，将细胞货物运送到特定位置。这种运输系统类似于铁路系统，其中微管作为轨道，允许有效且有序地分配细胞功能所需的材料。此外，微管对于纤毛和鞭毛的形成至关重要，这些结构是从某些细胞表面突出的毛状结构。它们负责细胞运动和液体在细胞表面的移动。这些细胞器中微管的排列遵循一种特定的模式，称为“9+2”结构，其中九个双联微管围绕两个中心微管。这种独特的配置对于运动所需的弯曲运动至关重要。研究表明，微管的功能障碍可能导致多种疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病。在这些情况下，异常的蛋白质聚集可以干扰微管的正常动态，导致细胞功能受损，最终导致细胞死亡。因此，理解微管的生物学不仅对细胞生物学至关重要，而且对开发各种疾病的潜在治疗策略也至关重要。总之，微管是细胞结构和功能不可或缺的元素。它们的作用不仅限于单纯的结构支持；它们还参与细胞分裂、细胞内运输和运动等关键过程。随着研究不断揭示微管的复杂性，越来越清楚它们在理解正常细胞生理和疾病病理中的重要性。对微管的研究无疑将为未来生物医学科学和治疗干预的发展做出贡献。