alkyl

简明释义

英[ˈælkɪl]美[ˈælkɪl]

adj. 烷基的，烃基的

n. 烷基，烃基

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Study on trialkytin compounds shows their biologic activity varies with alkyl.

对混合三烃基锡化合物的研究表明其具有多重活性。

2.The application of alkyl dithiophosphate accelerator in NR based tread compound was investigated.

研究烷基二硫代磷酸盐促进剂在nr胎面胶中的应用。

3.The nonpolar segments of surfactauts include straight-chain and branched alkyl groups.

非极性链段包括直链和支链的烷基。

4.Biodiesel, fatty acid alkyl ester, is made from renewable bioenergy such as vegetable oils and animal fats.

生物柴油，即脂肪酸甲酯，是以动植物油为原料生产的可再生绿色能源。

5.By two alkyl halide with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal polysulfides from condensation.

由二卤代烷与碱金属或碱土金属的多硫化物缩聚而成。

6.Alkyl halides are reacted with sodium nitrite.

卤化烷与亚硝酸钠反应。

7.The synthesis and property of N-alkyl glucamide (NAGA) was reviewed.

综述了N -烷基葡糖酰胺（NAGA）的合成和性能。

8.In organic chemistry, the presence of an alkyl (烷基) group can significantly affect the properties of a molecule.

在有机化学中，烷基基团的存在可以显著影响分子的性质。

9.Many detergents contain alkyl (烷基) sulfates as active ingredients for cleaning.

许多清洁剂含有烷基硫酸盐作为清洁活性成分。

10.Researchers are exploring alkyl (烷基) amines for their potential use in pharmaceuticals.

研究人员正在探索烷基胺在制药中的潜在应用。

11.The alkyl (烷基) groups in fatty acids determine their saturation level.

烷基基团在脂肪酸中的存在决定了它们的饱和程度。

12.The chemist synthesized a compound with a long alkyl (烷基) chain to improve its solubility.

化学家合成了一种具有长烷基链的化合物，以提高其溶解度。

作文

The term alkyl refers to a type of hydrocarbon group that is derived from alkanes by removing one hydrogen atom. These groups are fundamental in organic chemistry and play a crucial role in the structure and reactivity of various compounds. An alkyl group can be represented by the general formula CnH2n+1, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms in the chain. For instance, when we consider the simplest alkane, methane (CH4), if we remove one hydrogen atom, we get the alkyl group known as methyl (CH3-). This transformation is essential in the formation of many organic molecules.In many chemical reactions, alkyl groups serve as substituents that can influence the properties of the parent compound. For example, the presence of different alkyl groups can significantly alter the boiling and melting points of compounds. Larger or branched alkyl groups tend to lower the boiling point compared to their straight-chain counterparts due to differences in molecular packing and intermolecular forces.Moreover, alkyl groups are often involved in various types of reactions such as substitution and elimination reactions. In organic synthesis, chemists frequently use alkyl groups to construct more complex molecules. For example, in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, the introduction of specific alkyl groups can enhance the biological activity of a drug. The ability to manipulate alkyl groups allows chemists to design molecules with desired properties for various applications in medicine, materials science, and beyond.Another interesting aspect of alkyl groups is their role in determining the solubility of compounds. Generally, alkyl groups are hydrophobic, meaning they repel water. This characteristic is particularly important in biochemistry, where the interaction between hydrophobic alkyl groups and aqueous environments can influence protein folding and membrane structure. For instance, in lipid molecules, long alkyl chains contribute to the formation of cell membranes, providing structural integrity and functionality.In summary, understanding alkyl groups is vital for anyone studying organic chemistry. Their unique properties and behaviors make them indispensable in the synthesis and application of a wide range of organic compounds. Whether it is in pharmaceuticals, materials science, or biochemistry, the influence of alkyl groups cannot be overstated. As we continue to explore the world of organic chemistry, the significance of alkyl structures will undoubtedly remain a central theme in our understanding of molecular interactions and reactivity.

术语alkyl指的是一种烃基，源自烷烃，通过去除一个氢原子而得。这些基团在有机化学中是基础，且在各种化合物的结构和反应性中发挥着重要作用。alkyl基团可以用通用公式CnH2n+1表示，其中'n'是链中碳原子的数量。例如，当我们考虑最简单的烷烃甲烷（CH4）时，如果去掉一个氢原子，我们得到的就是被称为甲基（CH3-）的alkyl基团。这种转变在许多有机分子的形成中至关重要。在许多化学反应中，alkyl基团作为取代基，可以影响母体化合物的性质。例如，不同的alkyl基团的存在可以显著改变化合物的沸点和熔点。较大或支链的alkyl基团通常会降低沸点，与其直链同类相比，这是由于分子堆积和分子间力的差异。此外，alkyl基团常常参与各种类型的反应，如取代反应和消除反应。在有机合成中，化学家经常使用alkyl基团来构建更复杂的分子。例如，在药物的合成中，特定alkyl基团的引入可以增强药物的生物活性。操控alkyl基团的能力使化学家能够设计出具有所需性质的分子，以用于医学、材料科学等多个领域。alkyl基团的另一个有趣方面是它们在决定化合物溶解性中的作用。通常，alkyl基团是疏水性的，意味着它们排斥水。这一特性在生物化学中尤为重要，因为疏水性alkyl基团与水环境之间的相互作用可以影响蛋白质折叠和膜结构。例如，在脂质分子中，长alkyl链有助于细胞膜的形成，提供结构完整性和功能性。总之，理解alkyl基团对任何学习有机化学的人来说都是至关重要的。它们独特的性质和行为使它们在合成和应用广泛的有机化合物中不可或缺。无论是在药物、材料科学还是生物化学中，alkyl基团的影响都不容小觑。随着我们继续探索有机化学的世界，alkyl结构的重要性无疑将继续成为我们理解分子相互作用和反应性的核心主题。