hydroxylase

简明释义

英[haɪˈdrɒksɪleɪz]美[haɪˈdrɑːksɪleɪs]

n. [生化] 羟化酶

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Objective Clinical data of 19 Chinese patients with 21 hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) were analyzed to improve the diagnosis and treatment level.

目的分析19例21羟化酶缺陷症（21OHD）患者的临床和随访资料，提高该病的诊断和治疗水平。

2.Objective To diagnose and treat female pseudohermaphroditism caused by 21 - hydroxylase deficiencies.

目的为了诊断和治疗21羟化酶缺乏导致的女性假两性畸形。

3.Increased EGR1 expression activates transcription of other signaling molecules, including CDK5 and tyrosine hydroxylase, and exerts long term effects on neural cell growth and differentiation (2, 3).

增加EGR1表达可以激活其他信号分子的转录，包括CDK5和酪氨酸羟化酶，对神经细胞生长和分化有长期影响(2,3)。

4.Objective:To observe the expression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase(TH) of Hypothalamus in post-stroke depression rat model and effects of Yishen Tiaoqi decoction.

目的：观察脑缺血后抑郁模型大鼠下丘脑酪胺酸羟化酶（TH）表达及益肾调气方药的干预作用。

5.Methods To introduce DNA encoding the wild- type and mutant channel into immortalized tyrosine hydroxylase- positive CNS- derived neurons, CAD cells.

方法给一类酪氨酸脱氢酶阳性的神经细胞（一种中枢神经源细胞），又称CAD细胞，引入由DNA编码的野生型和突变型离子通道。

6.Dextromethorphan metabolic phenotyping provides a new information for debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6) polymorphism in native Chinese.

右美沙芬的代谢表型研究为中国本地人的异丁喹4-羟化酶（CYP2D6）多态性提供了新的信息。

7.A polyketide synthase complex composed of polyketide synthase with 15 total modules, a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase with I module, and a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase is described.

描述了包括总共具有15个组件的聚酮化合物合酶、具有1个组件的非核糖体肽合成酶和细胞色素P 450羟化酶组成的聚酮化合物合酶复合物。

8.AIM: To observe the relationship between the drug dependence behavior and levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (th) in drug acquisition process.

目的：探讨药物依赖行为和酪氨酸羟化酶在成瘾过程中的相互关系。

9.DNA analysis of amniocytes was a feasible method for the prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

羊水细胞DNA分析是先天性肾上腺皮质增生症21-羟化酶缺陷的产前诊断的可靠方法。

10.The activity of hydroxylase can be affected by various environmental factors.

各种环境因素可能影响羟化酶的活性。

11.In plants, hydroxylase enzymes are important for the biosynthesis of flavonoids.

在植物中，羟化酶对类黄酮的生物合成至关重要。

12.Deficiency in hydroxylase can lead to metabolic disorders.

缺乏羟化酶可能导致代谢紊乱。

13.Research has shown that hydroxylase is involved in the conversion of cholesterol to steroid hormones.

研究表明，羟化酶参与了胆固醇转化为类固醇激素的过程。

14.The enzyme hydroxylase plays a crucial role in the metabolism of various hormones.

酶羟化酶在多种激素的代谢中发挥着关键作用。

作文

The term hydroxylase refers to a type of enzyme that introduces a hydroxyl group (-OH) into a substrate. These enzymes play a crucial role in various biological processes, including the metabolism of drugs and the synthesis of hormones. Understanding the function and importance of hydroxylase can provide insight into how our bodies maintain homeostasis and respond to external substances.In biochemistry, enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions. They are essential for life, as they regulate the speed of reactions needed for cellular processes. Among these enzymes, hydroxylase is particularly significant due to its ability to modify molecules by adding hydroxyl groups. This modification can alter the solubility, reactivity, and biological activity of compounds.For instance, in the context of drug metabolism, hydroxylase enzymes are responsible for converting lipophilic (fat-soluble) drugs into more hydrophilic (water-soluble) forms. This conversion is vital for the excretion of drugs from the body, as water-soluble substances are more easily eliminated through urine. The action of hydroxylase thus directly influences the pharmacokinetics of medications, affecting their efficacy and safety.Moreover, hydroxylase enzymes also play a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones. For example, the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone involves several steps, one of which is catalyzed by a specific hydroxylase. This process is critical for the production of various hormones, including cortisol and testosterone, which are essential for regulating metabolism, immune response, and reproductive functions.The importance of hydroxylase extends beyond just drug metabolism and hormone synthesis. It is also involved in the breakdown of neurotransmitters, such as catecholamines, which include dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. The regulation of these neurotransmitters is vital for maintaining mood, alertness, and overall mental health. Any dysfunction in hydroxylase activity can lead to imbalances in these neurotransmitters, potentially contributing to mood disorders such as depression or anxiety.Research on hydroxylase has also opened up new avenues in medicine and pharmacology. For instance, understanding the genetic variations in hydroxylase enzymes among individuals can help predict how different people metabolize drugs. This knowledge can lead to personalized medicine, where treatments are tailored to an individual's metabolic profile, maximizing efficacy while minimizing adverse effects.In conclusion, hydroxylase enzymes are integral to numerous biochemical pathways that sustain life. Their ability to modify substrates by introducing hydroxyl groups underlines their significance in drug metabolism, hormone synthesis, and neurotransmitter regulation. As research continues to unveil the complexities of these enzymes, it becomes increasingly clear that hydroxylase is not only a key player in biochemistry but also a potential target for therapeutic interventions. Understanding the mechanisms and implications of hydroxylase activity will undoubtedly enhance our knowledge of human health and disease management.

术语hydroxylase指的是一种酶，它将羟基（-OH）引入底物。这些酶在各种生物过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，包括药物代谢和激素合成。理解hydroxylase的功能和重要性可以提供关于我们身体如何维持稳态以及如何对外部物质作出反应的深入见解。在生物化学中，酶是加速化学反应的生物催化剂。它们对生命至关重要，因为它们调节细胞过程所需反应的速度。在这些酶中，hydroxylase因其通过添加羟基来修饰分子的能力而显得尤为重要。这种修饰可以改变化合物的溶解度、反应性和生物活性。例如，在药物代谢的背景下，hydroxylase酶负责将脂溶性（脂溶性）药物转化为更具水溶性（水溶性）的形式。这种转化对于药物从体内排泄至关重要，因为水溶性物质更容易通过尿液排出。因此，hydroxylase的作用直接影响药物的药代动力学，影响其有效性和安全性。此外，hydroxylase酶在类固醇激素的生物合成中也发挥着关键作用。例如，胆固醇转化为孕烯醇酮的过程涉及多个步骤，其中一个步骤是由特定的hydroxylase催化的。这个过程对各种激素的产生至关重要，包括皮质醇和睾酮，这些激素对于调节新陈代谢、免疫反应和生殖功能至关重要。hydroxylase的重要性不仅限于药物代谢和激素合成。它还参与神经递质的分解，例如儿茶酚胺，包括多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素。这些神经递质的调节对于维持情绪、警觉性和整体心理健康至关重要。hydroxylase活性的任何功能障碍都可能导致这些神经递质的不平衡，从而可能导致抑郁或焦虑等情绪障碍。对hydroxylase的研究还开辟了医学和药理学的新途径。例如，了解个体之间hydroxylase酶的遗传变异可以帮助预测不同人群如何代谢药物。这一知识可以导致个性化医学的发展，即根据个体的代谢特征量身定制治疗方案，最大限度地提高疗效，同时最小化不良反应。总之，hydroxylase酶在维持生命的多种生化途径中是不可或缺的。它们通过引入羟基来修饰底物的能力突显了它们在药物代谢、激素合成和神经递质调节中的重要性。随着研究不断揭示这些酶的复杂性，越来越清楚的是，hydroxylase不仅是生物化学中的关键角色，也是治疗干预的潜在靶点。理解hydroxylase活性的机制和影响无疑会增强我们对人类健康和疾病管理的认识。