monopsony

简明释义

英[məˈnɒpsəni]美[məˈnɑːpsəni]

n. 买主独家垄断，买方垄断

复 数 m o n o p s o n i e s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Some economists argue this makes no sense, despite the fear of a loss of pricing power to a Chinese monopsony.

一些经济学家认为，尽管担心在中国买家垄断下丧失定价权，这么做也毫无意义。

2.But on the market of monopsony, it is necessary to distinguish between the Competition Structure and the Competition Action on the seller's side.

但在买方垄断的市场上，存在着竞争结构与竞争行为的区别。

3.But on the market of monopsony, it is necessary to distinguish between the Competition Structure and the Competition Action on the seller's side.

但在买方垄断的市场上，存在着竞争结构与竞争行为的区别。

4.This paper studies the employment effect of minimum wages in the monopsony labor market.

文章探讨了劳动力市场买方垄断条件下最低工资对就业的影响。

5.As with any monopsony — one buyer, many sellers — the sellers are going to have their prices dictated by the buyer.

任何意义上的垄断—一个买家，许多卖家——结果都是：卖家不得不让买家来确定价格。

6.Monopsony: Polygamy is an example of monopsony, which is the situation when a market only has one buyer and multiple sellers.

买主垄断：一夫多妻制就是买主垄断的一个例子。它的情况是，一个市场只有一个买者，但是有多个卖者。

7.The government’s role can sometimes lead to monopsony 买方垄断 in healthcare, where it is the sole purchaser of medical services.

政府的角色有时会导致医疗保健中的monopsony 买方垄断，因为它是医疗服务的唯一购买者。

8.In a small town, the local factory is the only employer, creating a situation of monopsony 买方垄断 in the labor market.

在一个小镇上，当地工厂是唯一的雇主，造成了劳动市场上的monopsony 买方垄断。

9.A monopsony 买方垄断 can lead to lower wages for workers, as the employer has more power over salary negotiations.

在monopsony 买方垄断的情况下，工人的工资可能会更低，因为雇主在薪资谈判中拥有更多权力。

10.In certain industries, like tech, large companies can create a monopsony 买方垄断 by being the primary buyer of specialized skills.

在某些行业，如科技，大公司可以通过成为专业技能的主要买家来创造monopsony 买方垄断。

11.Farmers often face monopsony 买方垄断 conditions when a single grocery chain dominates the purchase of their produce.

当单一的杂货连锁店主导他们的农产品采购时，农民常常面临monopsony 买方垄断的情况。

作文

In the realm of economics, various market structures dictate the interactions between buyers and sellers. One such structure that is often overlooked is known as monopsony. A monopsony is a market situation where there is only one buyer for a particular product or service, giving that buyer significant control over the price and terms of purchase. This situation can lead to numerous implications for both suppliers and the overall market dynamics. To understand the concept of monopsony, consider the labor market as an example. In a typical competitive market, multiple employers vie for workers, which drives wages up as companies compete for talent. However, in a monopsony scenario, there exists only one employer in a particular region or industry, such as a small town with a single factory. This factory becomes the sole purchaser of labor in that area, allowing it to set lower wages than would be possible in a competitive market. Workers have limited options and may be forced to accept these lower wages, leading to a decrease in their overall welfare.The implications of monopsony extend beyond just wages. When a single buyer controls the market, it can lead to inefficiencies in the allocation of resources. For instance, the monopsonist may choose to limit the quantity of goods purchased to drive prices down further, negatively impacting suppliers who rely on steady demand for their products. This can stifle innovation and reduce the quality of goods available in the market, as suppliers may not have the financial incentive to improve their offerings when faced with a powerful buyer.Furthermore, monopsony can have broader economic consequences. For example, if a large corporation holds a monopsony position in the agricultural sector, it can dictate terms to farmers, potentially leading to unsustainable farming practices as farmers scramble to meet the demands of their sole buyer. This can result in long-term damage to the environment and local economies, highlighting the need for regulatory oversight in markets prone to monopsony conditions.Governments and policymakers often seek to mitigate the effects of monopsony through antitrust laws and regulations aimed at promoting competition. By encouraging multiple buyers in a market, they can help ensure fair pricing and better outcomes for both consumers and suppliers. Additionally, labor unions often emerge in monopsony environments as workers band together to negotiate better wages and working conditions, counteracting the power of the single employer.In conclusion, understanding monopsony is crucial for grasping the complexities of market dynamics. It highlights the importance of competition in ensuring fair prices and equitable treatment for suppliers and workers alike. As we navigate an increasingly interconnected global economy, recognizing the signs of monopsony and advocating for competitive practices will be essential in fostering healthy markets that benefit all participants. By doing so, we can work towards a more balanced economic landscape where the power is not concentrated in the hands of a single buyer, but rather distributed among many, promoting innovation, sustainability, and fairness across industries.

在经济学的领域中，各种市场结构决定了买卖双方之间的互动。其中一个常被忽视的结构被称为单买方市场。单买方市场是一种市场情况，其中只有一个买家购买特定产品或服务，这使得该买家对价格和购买条款具有显著控制权。这种情况可能对供应商和整体市场动态产生诸多影响。为了理解单买方市场的概念，可以考虑劳动市场作为一个例子。在一个典型的竞争市场中，多个雇主争夺工人，这推动工资上涨，因为公司为了获得人才而竞争。然而，在单买方市场的情况下，某个特定地区或行业只存在一个雇主，例如一个小镇上只有一家工厂。这家工厂成为该地区或行业劳动力的唯一购买者，使其能够设定低于竞争市场可能实现的工资。工人的选择有限，可能被迫接受这些较低的工资，从而导致他们的整体福利下降。单买方市场的影响不仅限于工资。当一个买家控制市场时，可能会导致资源配置的低效。例如，单买方市场的买家可能选择限制购买的商品数量，以进一步压低价格，这对依赖稳定需求的供应商产生负面影响。这可能抑制创新并降低市场上可用商品的质量，因为当面临强大买家时，供应商可能没有财务激励来改善其产品。此外，单买方市场还可能带来更广泛的经济后果。例如，如果一家大型企业在农业部门持有单买方市场地位，它可以对农民施加条件，可能导致农民为了满足唯一买家的要求而采用不可持续的农业实践。这可能对环境和地方经济造成长期损害，突显了在容易出现单买方市场条件的市场中进行监管监督的必要性。政府和政策制定者通常通过反垄断法和旨在促进竞争的法规来缓解单买方市场的影响。通过鼓励市场中出现多个买家，他们可以帮助确保公平定价和更好的消费者和供应商结果。此外，工会通常会在单买方市场环境中出现，工人们团结起来以谈判更好的工资和工作条件，从而抵消单一雇主的权力。总之，理解单买方市场对于掌握市场动态的复杂性至关重要。它突显了竞争在确保公平价格和对供应商及工人公平对待中的重要性。在我们应对日益互联的全球经济时，识别单买方市场的迹象并倡导竞争性做法将是促进健康市场的重要因素，这些市场将惠及所有参与者。通过这样做，我们可以朝着一个更加平衡的经济格局迈进，在这个格局中，权力不集中在单一买方手中，而是分散在许多人之间，促进各行业的创新、可持续性和公平。