perithecium

简明释义

英[ˌperɪˈθiːsɪəm]美[ˌperɪˈθisɪəm]

n. （某些真菌的）子囊壳

复 数 p e r i t h e c i a

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The perithecium 子囊壳 plays a vital role in the life cycle of ascomycetes.

对于子囊菌来说，perithecium 子囊壳 在其生命周期中起着至关重要的作用。

2.Researchers are studying the genetic makeup of the perithecium 子囊壳 to understand fungal diversity.

研究人员正在研究perithecium 子囊壳 的遗传构成，以了解真菌的多样性。

3.In our lab, we observed the formation of a perithecium 子囊壳 under controlled conditions.

在我们的实验室中，我们观察到在控制条件下形成了一个perithecium 子囊壳。

4.The structure of the perithecium 子囊壳 is crucial for the reproduction of certain fungi.

某些真菌的繁殖中，perithecium 子囊壳 的结构至关重要。

5.The presence of a perithecium 子囊壳 can indicate the species of the fungus.

一个perithecium 子囊壳 的存在可以指示真菌的种类。

作文

In the study of mycology, the term perithecium refers to a specific type of fruiting body found in certain fungi. This structure plays a crucial role in the reproductive cycle of these organisms. The perithecium, which is typically flask-shaped, contains asci that house the ascospores, which are essential for sexual reproduction in many fungal species. Understanding the morphology and function of the perithecium is vital for mycologists and researchers who study fungal biology, ecology, and evolution. Fungi are incredibly diverse organisms that can be found in almost every habitat on Earth. They play significant roles in various ecosystems, including decomposition, nutrient cycling, and forming symbiotic relationships with plants. Among the vast array of fungal structures, the perithecium is particularly interesting because it represents an evolutionary adaptation that allows fungi to reproduce effectively in their environments. The formation of a perithecium begins when certain environmental conditions trigger the fungal organism to enter its reproductive phase. This often occurs when resources are limited or when environmental stressors are present. The fungus will then develop a perithecium to facilitate the production of spores. Inside the perithecium, asci undergo meiosis to produce ascospores, which are then released into the environment. These spores can disperse over long distances, allowing the fungus to colonize new habitats. Different species of fungi exhibit variations in the structure and appearance of their perithecia. Some may be small and inconspicuous, while others can be quite large and easily visible to the naked eye. For example, the perithecium of the genus Neosartorya is known for its distinctive appearance, which can aid in species identification. This diversity in form and function highlights the adaptability of fungi and their ability to thrive in various ecological niches. In addition to their role in reproduction, perithecia can also have implications for human activities. Certain fungi that produce perithecia are of great interest in agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology. For instance, some species are utilized in the production of antibiotics, while others may be involved in food spoilage or plant diseases. Understanding the biology of the perithecium can help in developing strategies for managing fungal diseases in crops or harnessing their beneficial properties for industrial applications. Moreover, studying perithecia contributes to our understanding of fungal evolution. The morphological characteristics of perithecia can provide insights into the phylogenetic relationships between different fungal taxa. By examining the structure and development of perithecia, researchers can infer how various fungal lineages have adapted to their environments over time. In conclusion, the perithecium is a remarkable structure that plays a vital role in the life cycle of many fungi. Its unique features and functions make it an important subject of study for mycologists and anyone interested in the fascinating world of fungi. As we continue to explore the complexities of fungal biology, the perithecium will undoubtedly remain a key focus, shedding light on the ecological significance and evolutionary history of these incredible organisms.

在真菌学研究中，术语perithecium指的是某些真菌中发现的一种特定类型的果实体。这一结构在这些生物的繁殖周期中起着至关重要的作用。perithecium通常呈瓶形，包含子囊，子囊内含有子囊孢子，这对于许多真菌物种的有性繁殖至关重要。理解perithecium的形态和功能对研究真菌生物学、生态学和进化的真菌学家和研究人员来说至关重要。真菌是一种极其多样化的生物，几乎可以在地球上的每一个栖息地中找到。它们在各种生态系统中发挥着重要作用，包括分解、养分循环以及与植物形成共生关系。在众多真菌结构中，perithecium尤其引人注目，因为它代表了一种进化适应，使真菌能够有效地在其环境中繁殖。perithecium的形成始于某些环境条件触发真菌进入其繁殖阶段。这通常发生在资源有限或环境压力存在时。真菌随后会发展出perithecium，以促进孢子的产生。在perithecium内部，子囊通过减数分裂产生子囊孢子，然后释放到环境中。这些孢子可以远距离传播，使真菌能够殖民新的栖息地。不同种类的真菌在perithecia的结构和外观上表现出变化。有些可能很小且不显眼，而其他则可能相当大，并且肉眼可见。例如，Neosartorya属的perithecium因其独特的外观而闻名，这可以帮助进行物种鉴定。这种形式和功能上的多样性突显了真菌的适应能力及其在各种生态位中生存的能力。除了在繁殖中的作用外，perithecia还可能对人类活动产生影响。某些产生perithecia的真菌在农业、医学和生物技术中引起了极大的兴趣。例如，一些物种被用于抗生素的生产，而其他物种可能涉及食品变质或植物疾病。理解perithecium的生物学可以帮助制定管理作物真菌病害的策略，或利用其有益特性进行工业应用。此外，研究perithecia有助于我们理解真菌的进化。perithecia的形态特征可以提供不同真菌分类群之间的系统发育关系的见解。通过检查perithecia的结构和发展，研究人员可以推断出各种真菌谱系是如何随着时间的推移适应其环境的。总之，perithecium是一个显著的结构，在许多真菌的生命周期中发挥着至关重要的作用。其独特的特征和功能使其成为真菌学家和任何对真菌世界感兴趣的人研究的重要主题。随着我们继续探索真菌生物学的复杂性，perithecium无疑将继续成为关键焦点，揭示这些令人难以置信的生物的生态意义和进化历史。