proportional limit

简明释义

比例极限

英英释义

例句

1.Understanding the proportional limit 比例极限 is crucial for predicting how a structure will behave under load.

理解比例极限对于预测结构在载荷下的行为至关重要。

2.In tensile testing, the proportional limit 比例极限 indicates the maximum stress that can be applied without permanent deformation.

在拉伸测试中，比例极限指示可以施加而不产生永久变形的最大应力。

3.The material exceeded its proportional limit 比例极限, resulting in permanent deformation.

材料超过了其比例极限，导致永久变形。

4.Once the force applied to the beam surpassed the proportional limit 比例极限, it began to bend permanently.

一旦施加到梁上的力超过了比例极限，它就开始永久弯曲。

5.Engineers must ensure that the stress does not exceed the proportional limit 比例极限 of the materials used.

工程师必须确保应力不超过所用材料的比例极限。

作文

In the field of materials science and engineering, understanding the behavior of materials under stress is crucial for designing safe and effective structures. One important concept in this realm is the proportional limit, which refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand while still exhibiting a linear relationship between stress and strain. Beyond this point, materials may begin to deform non-linearly, leading to potential failure. The significance of the proportional limit cannot be overstated, as it serves as a critical threshold in determining the elastic properties of materials.When a material is subjected to an external load, it experiences stress, which is defined as the force applied per unit area. In the initial stages of loading, the material behaves elastically, meaning that it will return to its original shape once the load is removed. This behavior is described by Hooke’s Law, which states that stress is directly proportional to strain within the elastic limit of the material. The proportional limit is the point at which this linear relationship holds true.Understanding the location of the proportional limit on a stress-strain curve is essential for engineers and designers. For instance, if a structural component is designed to operate below this limit, it will ensure that the material remains in its elastic range, thereby preventing permanent deformation and ensuring longevity. Conversely, if the operational stress exceeds the proportional limit, the material may undergo plastic deformation, which can lead to catastrophic failures in structures such as bridges or buildings.Different materials exhibit varying proportional limits. For example, metals typically have well-defined elastic regions, while polymers may show more complex behavior due to their molecular structure. Engineers must carefully consider these differences when selecting materials for specific applications. The proportional limit is particularly important in applications where safety is paramount, such as in aerospace and civil engineering.Moreover, the concept of the proportional limit extends beyond just mechanical properties; it also has implications in other fields such as electrical engineering. For instance, in the design of electrical components, understanding the limits of conductivity and resistance can be analogous to the proportional limit in materials. If the electrical load exceeds a certain threshold, the performance of the component may degrade, leading to failure.In summary, the proportional limit is a fundamental concept in materials science that plays a vital role in ensuring the reliability and safety of structures and components. By understanding and applying this concept, engineers can make informed decisions about material selection and design, ultimately leading to safer and more efficient engineering solutions. The importance of respecting the proportional limit cannot be overlooked, as it is integral to the success of any engineering project involving materials under stress.

在材料科学和工程领域，理解材料在应力下的行为对于设计安全有效的结构至关重要。一个重要的概念是比例极限，它指的是材料在仍然表现出应力与应变之间线性关系的情况下可以承受的最大应力。超出这一点，材料可能开始非线性变形，导致潜在的失效。比例极限的重要性不容小觑，因为它作为确定材料弹性特性的关键阈值。当材料受到外部载荷时，它会经历应力，这被定义为施加的力与单位面积的比值。在加载的初始阶段，材料表现出弹性，意味着一旦去除载荷，它将恢复到原来的形状。这种行为由胡克定律描述，该定律指出，在材料的弹性极限内，应力与应变成正比。比例极限是这一线性关系成立的点。理解比例极限在应力-应变曲线上的位置对工程师和设计师至关重要。例如，如果结构组件的设计运作低于此极限，它将确保材料保持在其弹性范围内，从而防止永久变形并确保其使用寿命。相反，如果操作应力超过比例极限，材料可能会发生塑性变形，这可能导致桥梁或建筑等结构的灾难性失败。不同材料表现出不同的比例极限。例如，金属通常具有明确的弹性区域，而聚合物由于其分子结构可能表现出更复杂的行为。工程师在选择特定应用的材料时必须仔细考虑这些差异。比例极限在安全至关重要的应用中尤其重要，例如航空航天和土木工程。此外，比例极限的概念不仅限于机械性能；它在电气工程等其他领域也有影响。例如，在电气组件的设计中，理解导电性和电阻的极限可以类比于材料中的比例极限。如果电负载超过某个阈值，组件的性能可能会下降，导致失效。总之，比例极限是材料科学中的一个基本概念，在确保结构和组件的可靠性和安全性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。通过理解和应用这一概念，工程师可以做出关于材料选择和设计的明智决策，从而最终导致更安全、更高效的工程解决方案。尊重比例极限的重要性不容忽视，因为它是涉及应力下材料的任何工程项目成功的关键。