proteolysis

简明释义

英[ˌprəʊtɪˈɒlɪsɪs]美[ˌproʊtɪˈɑːləsɪs]

n. [生化] 蛋白质水解；蛋白水解作用

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The two new fractions contained double sulfur bands, of which 34-37kd was considered to be a product of proteolysis of cucurbitin.

这两种新组分都含有双硫键，其中34 ~ 37 KD新组分可能是球蛋白的直接降解产物。

2.This vector also contains thrombin protease cleavage site to facilitate proteolysis of the bacterial fusion proteins.

为便于从融合蛋白中解离出目的多肽，这个载体中含有特异的蛋白酶裂解位点。

3.In this paper, the proteolysis and sensory properties of mixed milk cheese during ripening period were studied.

对混合型大豆干酪成熟过程中蛋白质的降解及感官特性变化进行了研究。

4.Proteolysis The hydrolysis of proteins into their amino acid.

指蛋白质被水解为氨基酸。

5.Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is involved in many biological processes in eukaryotes.

在真核生物中， 泛素介导的蛋白降解途径参与了许多生物学过程。

6.The research studied proteolysis of soy cheese during ripening by comparing with pure milk cheese.

本文主要研究了豆奶干酪成熟过程中蛋白水解的变化，并与纯牛乳干酪进行比较。

7.During digestion, the process of proteolysis 蛋白质水解 breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.

在消化过程中，proteolysis 蛋白质水解 的过程将蛋白质分解为更小的肽。

8.In cancer research, understanding the mechanisms of proteolysis 蛋白质水解 can lead to new therapeutic strategies.

在癌症研究中，理解 proteolysis 蛋白质水解 的机制可以导致新的治疗策略。

9.Enzymes such as pepsin play a crucial role in proteolysis 蛋白质水解 in the stomach.

酶如胃蛋白酶在胃中的 proteolysis 蛋白质水解 中发挥着关键作用。

10.The study focused on how proteolysis 蛋白质水解 affects muscle recovery after exercise.

这项研究集中于 proteolysis 蛋白质水解 如何影响运动后的肌肉恢复。

11.Certain diseases are linked to abnormal proteolysis 蛋白质水解 processes in the body.

某些疾病与体内异常的 proteolysis 蛋白质水解 过程有关。

作文

Proteins are essential macromolecules that play a critical role in various biological processes. One of the key processes involved in protein metabolism is proteolysis, which refers to the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. This process is crucial for numerous physiological functions, including digestion, cellular regulation, and the recycling of cellular components. Understanding proteolysis can provide insights into how our body maintains homeostasis and responds to different environmental stimuli.During digestion, dietary proteins are broken down by enzymes into smaller peptides and amino acids through proteolysis. These smaller units can then be absorbed by the intestinal cells and utilized by the body for various functions, such as building new proteins or producing energy. The enzymes responsible for proteolysis include pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin, which are secreted by the stomach and pancreas. The efficiency of these enzymes is vital for proper nutrient absorption and overall health.In addition to digestion, proteolysis plays a significant role in regulating cellular processes. For instance, proteins that are no longer needed or are damaged must be degraded to maintain cellular integrity. This is often achieved through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, where proteins are tagged for degradation and subsequently broken down by the proteasome. This process not only helps eliminate dysfunctional proteins but also regulates the levels of specific proteins that control cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and other critical pathways.Moreover, proteolysis is involved in various signaling pathways. Many hormones and growth factors are synthesized as inactive precursors and require proteolysis to become active. For example, proinsulin is cleaved to form insulin, a hormone essential for glucose metabolism. This activation process highlights the importance of proteolysis in maintaining metabolic balance and responding to physiological changes.Research on proteolysis has significant implications for understanding diseases. Abnormalities in protein degradation pathways can lead to various disorders, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and muscle wasting. For instance, the accumulation of misfolded proteins due to impaired proteolysis is a hallmark of diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Thus, targeting the proteolytic pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for these conditions.In conclusion, proteolysis is a fundamental biological process that underpins many aspects of life. From aiding digestion to regulating cellular functions and influencing disease progression, the significance of proteolysis cannot be overstated. As research continues to unveil the complexities of this process, it becomes increasingly clear that understanding proteolysis is essential for advancing our knowledge of biology and medicine. Future studies may pave the way for novel treatments that harness the power of proteolysis to improve health outcomes and combat various diseases.

蛋白质是对各种生物过程至关重要的大分子。其中一个涉及蛋白质代谢的关键过程是蛋白水解，指的是将蛋白质分解成较小的肽或氨基酸。这一过程对于消化、细胞调节和细胞成分的回收等众多生理功能至关重要。理解蛋白水解可以为我们提供有关身体如何维持稳态和应对不同环境刺激的见解。在消化过程中，膳食蛋白质通过蛋白水解被酶分解成较小的肽和氨基酸。这些较小的单位随后可以被肠道细胞吸收，并被身体用于多种功能，例如构建新蛋白质或产生能量。负责蛋白水解的酶包括胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶，它们由胃和胰腺分泌。这些酶的效率对于适当的营养吸收和整体健康至关重要。除了消化之外，蛋白水解在调节细胞过程方面也发挥着重要作用。例如，不再需要或受损的蛋白质必须被降解以维持细胞完整性。这通常通过泛素-蛋白酶体系统实现，其中蛋白质被标记以进行降解，并随后被蛋白酶体分解。这个过程不仅有助于消除功能失常的蛋白质，还调节控制细胞周期进程、凋亡和其他关键途径的特定蛋白质的水平。此外，蛋白水解还参与了各种信号通路。许多激素和生长因子以不活跃的前体形式合成，需要通过蛋白水解才能变得活跃。例如，前胰岛素被切割形成胰岛素，这是一种对葡萄糖代谢至关重要的激素。这一激活过程突显了蛋白水解在维持代谢平衡和应对生理变化中的重要性。关于蛋白水解的研究对理解疾病具有重要意义。蛋白质降解途径的异常可能导致各种疾病，包括癌症、神经退行性疾病和肌肉萎缩。例如，由于蛋白水解受损而导致的错误折叠蛋白质的积累是阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等疾病的特征。因此，靶向蛋白水解途径为这些疾病提供了潜在的治疗策略。总之，蛋白水解是一个基本的生物过程，支撑着生命的许多方面。从帮助消化到调节细胞功能，再到影响疾病进展，蛋白水解的重要性不容小觑。随着研究不断揭示这一过程的复杂性，越来越清楚的是，理解蛋白水解对于推进我们对生物学和医学的知识至关重要。未来的研究可能为利用蛋白水解的力量改善健康结果和对抗各种疾病开辟新的治疗途径。