carbonyl

简明释义

英[ˈkɑːbəˌnaɪl]美[ˈkɑrbənɪl]

n. 羰基（含有羰基的金属化合物）；碳酰

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.This radical attacks the carbonyl group to an intermediate bicyclic ketyl.

烷基自由基对羰基进行进攻，生成双环的羰自由基中间体。

2.The volatile carbonyl compounds are one of most poisonous components in cigarette mainstream smoke.

挥发性羰基化合物是卷烟主流烟气中主要有害成分之一。

3.Influence of concentration of carbonyl iron on static magnetism was not obvious.

五羰基铁浓度对复合粒子的静磁性能影响不明显。

4.The method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of carbonyl compounds in ambient air samples.

该方法成功地应用到对大气中羰基化合物的定量检测。

5.Then, the same method was used to study the concentrations of carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere in Guangzhou.

随后利用此方法对广州市区大气中的羰基化合物进行了研究。

6.The temperature of carbonyl synthesis reaction is studied.

摘要对羰基合成反应的温度进行了研究。

7.Carbonyl low medium temperature transformation reaction is an important reaction process in petrochemical and synthetic ammonia productions.

一氧化碳中—低温变换反应是石油化工和合成氨生产中的重要反应过程。

8.This paper discussed the variation in the shape and surface state of the carbonyl nickel powder with particulate size.

论述了羰基镍粉末的颗粒形状和表面状态随粒度大小的变化规律。

9.The presence of a carbonyl (羰基) group in the molecule indicates that it is likely a ketone or aldehyde.

分子中存在一个carbonyl (羰基) 基团，表明它可能是酮或醛。

10.In organic chemistry, understanding the reactivity of carbonyl (羰基) compounds is crucial for synthesizing complex molecules.

在有机化学中，理解carbonyl (羰基) 化合物的反应性对于合成复杂分子至关重要。

11.A common method to reduce a carbonyl (羰基) compound is to use sodium borohydride.

还原carbonyl (羰基) 化合物的一种常用方法是使用氢化钠。

12.The carbonyl (羰基) group can be identified using infrared spectroscopy.

可以使用红外光谱法识别carbonyl (羰基) 基团。

13.The carbonyl (羰基) functional group plays a key role in many biological processes.

carbonyl (羰基) 功能基团在许多生物过程中起着关键作用。

作文

The term carbonyl refers to a functional group characterized by a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. This structure is fundamental in organic chemistry and plays a significant role in the behavior of various compounds. The presence of a carbonyl group can greatly influence the chemical properties of a molecule, making it more reactive and capable of participating in various chemical reactions. For instance, carbonyl groups are found in aldehydes and ketones, which are important classes of organic compounds with diverse applications in industries ranging from pharmaceuticals to food production.Aldehydes, which contain a carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, often have distinct odors and are used in flavorings and fragrances. One well-known example is formaldehyde, a simple aldehyde that is widely used as a preservative and in the production of resins. On the other hand, ketones feature a carbonyl group within the carbon chain. Acetone, the simplest ketone, is commonly used as a solvent in nail polish remover and other cleaning products.The reactivity of the carbonyl group allows for various chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic addition, where nucleophiles attack the electrophilic carbon atom. This reaction is crucial in synthesizing larger and more complex molecules. Understanding how carbonyl groups behave in different environments helps chemists design new synthetic pathways and develop innovative materials.In addition to their importance in organic synthesis, carbonyl compounds also play vital roles in biological systems. Many biomolecules, including sugars and amino acids, contain carbonyl groups. For example, glucose, a simple sugar, has an aldehyde carbonyl group that is essential for its metabolic functions. The ability of these compounds to participate in biochemical reactions underscores the significance of carbonyl chemistry in life processes.Moreover, the study of carbonyl compounds extends into the field of environmental science. Certain carbonyl compounds are known to be pollutants, contributing to air quality issues and health problems. Understanding their behavior in the atmosphere and how they interact with other substances is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate their impact on the environment.In conclusion, the carbonyl functional group is a cornerstone of organic chemistry, influencing the properties and reactivity of a wide range of compounds. Its presence in both synthetic and natural molecules highlights its importance in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, biochemistry, and environmental science. As research continues to uncover the complexities of carbonyl chemistry, our understanding of its implications will only deepen, leading to advancements in technology and health. Therefore, grasping the concept of carbonyl is essential for anyone interested in the sciences, as it opens the door to a deeper appreciation of the molecular world around us.

术语carbonyl指的是一种功能团，其特征是一个碳原子与一个氧原子双键相连。这一结构在有机化学中是基本的，并在各种化合物的行为中发挥着重要作用。carbonyl基团的存在可以极大地影响分子的化学性质，使其更具反应性并能够参与各种化学反应。例如，carbonyl基团存在于醛和酮中，这些是具有广泛应用的有机化合物的重要类别，从制药到食品生产等行业。醛类化合物，其carbonyl基团位于碳链的末端，通常具有独特的气味，并用于调味剂和香料。一个众所周知的例子是甲醛，一种简单的醛，广泛用作防腐剂和树脂的生产。而酮类化合物则在碳链中间含有carbonyl基团。丙酮是最简单的酮，常用于指甲油去除剂和其他清洁产品。carbonyl基团的反应性允许各种化学反应，例如亲核加成，其中亲核试剂攻击电负性的碳原子。这一反应在合成更大和更复杂的分子中至关重要。理解carbonyl基团在不同环境中的行为帮助化学家设计新的合成路径并开发创新材料。除了在有机合成中的重要性外，carbonyl化合物在生物系统中也发挥着重要作用。许多生物分子，包括糖和氨基酸，都含有carbonyl基团。例如，葡萄糖是一种简单的糖，具有一个醛carbonyl基团，对于其代谢功能至关重要。这些化合物参与生化反应的能力突显了carbonyl化学在生命过程中的重要性。此外，carbonyl化合物的研究扩展到环境科学领域。某些carbonyl化合物被认为是污染物，导致空气质量问题和健康问题。理解它们在大气中的行为以及它们与其他物质的相互作用对于制定减轻其对环境影响的策略至关重要。总之，carbonyl功能团是有机化学的基石，影响着广泛化合物的性质和反应性。它在合成和天然分子中的存在突显了它在制药、生物化学和环境科学等各个领域的重要性。随着研究继续揭示carbonyl化学的复杂性，我们对其影响的理解将不断加深，从而推动技术和健康的进步。因此，掌握carbonyl的概念对任何对科学感兴趣的人来说都是必不可少的，因为它为我们更深入地欣赏周围的分子世界打开了大门。