nitrohydrochloric acid

简明释义

硝基盐酸

英英释义

例句

1.Due to its corrosive nature, nitrohydrochloric acid must be stored in a secure cabinet.

由于其腐蚀性，氮氢氯酸必须存放在安全的柜子里。

2.The laboratory used nitrohydrochloric acid to dissolve gold from electronic waste.

实验室使用氮氢氯酸来溶解电子废物中的黄金。

3.In the process of refining metals, nitrohydrochloric acid is often employed.

在提炼金属的过程中，通常会使用氮氢氯酸。

4.The chemist prepared a solution of nitrohydrochloric acid for the experiment.

化学家为实验准备了一种氮氢氯酸溶液。

5.When handling nitrohydrochloric acid, always wear protective gear to avoid skin contact.

处理氮氢氯酸时，务必穿戴防护装备以避免皮肤接触。

作文

Nitrohydrochloric acid, often referred to as aqua regia, is a highly corrosive and powerful acid mixture consisting of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) in a molar ratio of 3:1. This unique combination of acids creates a solution that can dissolve noble metals such as gold and platinum, which are typically resistant to most other acids. Understanding the properties and applications of nitrohydrochloric acid is essential for chemists and industrial professionals alike.The name 'aqua regia' translates to 'royal water' in Latin, a term that reflects its ability to dissolve gold, a metal historically associated with royalty and wealth. The discovery of nitrohydrochloric acid dates back to the 8th century, attributed to the Persian alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan, who explored various chemical reactions and mixtures. Over time, this acid has become an indispensable tool in laboratories and industries for metal refinement and analysis.One of the remarkable features of nitrohydrochloric acid is its ability to oxidize metals. When gold or platinum comes into contact with this acid, the nitric acid component acts as an oxidizing agent, while the hydrochloric acid provides chloride ions that help form soluble metal complexes. This reaction not only facilitates the dissolution of these metals but also allows for their subsequent recovery and purification.In addition to its use in metallurgy, nitrohydrochloric acid plays a significant role in analytical chemistry. It is commonly used in the preparation of samples for spectroscopic analysis, where precise measurements of metal content are required. The ability of this acid to dissolve a wide range of materials makes it ideal for preparing samples in research and quality control processes.However, working with nitrohydrochloric acid requires strict safety precautions due to its highly corrosive nature. It can cause severe burns upon contact with skin and can produce toxic fumes when mixed with organic materials. Therefore, it is crucial for laboratory personnel to wear appropriate protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and lab coats, and to work in well-ventilated areas or fume hoods.Moreover, the disposal of nitrohydrochloric acid must be handled with care. Due to its hazardous nature, it should never be poured down the drain or disposed of in regular waste. Instead, it should be neutralized and disposed of according to local environmental regulations to prevent contamination and harm to ecosystems.In conclusion, nitrohydrochloric acid is a powerful and versatile chemical that has numerous applications in both industry and research. Its ability to dissolve noble metals and facilitate chemical reactions makes it an invaluable resource. However, its corrosive properties necessitate careful handling and disposal. By understanding the significance and risks associated with nitrohydrochloric acid, professionals can harness its potential safely and effectively, contributing to advancements in various scientific fields and industries.

硝酸盐酸，通常被称为王水，是一种高度腐蚀性和强力的酸混合物，由浓盐酸（HCl）和浓硝酸（HNO3）以3:1的摩尔比组成。这种独特的酸组合可以溶解金、铂等贵金属，这些金属通常对大多数其他酸具有抵抗力。理解硝酸盐酸的性质和应用对化学家和工业专业人士来说至关重要。“王水”这个名字在拉丁语中翻译为“皇家水”，这个术语反映了它溶解金的能力，这是一种历史上与皇室和财富相关联的金属。硝酸盐酸的发现可以追溯到公元8世纪，归功于波斯炼金术士贾比尔·伊本·哈扬，他探索了各种化学反应和混合物。随着时间的推移，这种酸已成为实验室和工业中金属精炼和分析的不可或缺的工具。硝酸盐酸的一个显著特点是其氧化金属的能力。当金或铂与这种酸接触时，硝酸成分充当氧化剂，而盐酸则提供氯离子，帮助形成可溶性金属络合物。这种反应不仅促进了这些金属的溶解，还允许它们的后续回收和纯化。除了在冶金中的应用外，硝酸盐酸在分析化学中也发挥着重要作用。它通常用于样品的准备，以便进行光谱分析，其中需要精确测量金属含量。这种酸能够溶解广泛的材料，使其成为研究和质量控制过程中准备样品的理想选择。然而，使用硝酸盐酸时必须严格遵守安全预防措施，因为它具有高度腐蚀性。接触皮肤时可能会造成严重烧伤，并且在与有机材料混合时可能产生有毒烟雾。因此，实验室人员必须佩戴适当的防护装备，包括手套、护目镜和实验服，并在通风良好的区域或排气柜内工作。此外，硝酸盐酸的处置必须谨慎处理。由于其危险性质，绝不能将其倒入下水道或随意处置。相反，应该根据当地环境法规中和后处置，以防止污染和对生态系统造成伤害。总之，硝酸盐酸是一种强大而多用途的化学物质，在工业和研究中有许多应用。其溶解贵金属和促进化学反应的能力使其成为一项宝贵的资源。然而，其腐蚀性特性要求小心处理和处置。通过理解与硝酸盐酸相关的重要性和风险，专业人士可以安全有效地利用其潜力，为各个科学领域和行业的进步做出贡献。