lithosphere

简明释义

英[ˈlɪθəsfɪə(r)]美[ˈlɪθəsfɪr]

n. 陆界，[地物][地质] 岩石圈

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Even the planet's outer skin, or lithosphere, has been transformed.

甚至于地球的表层——岩石圈——也已经被改变了。

2.Notice first that there could be a substantial difference between lithosphere thickness and plate thickness.

首先要注意：岩石圈厚度和板块厚度之间可能有重要区别。

3.The hydrosphere and the lithosphere together form the Earth's surface.

水圈与岩石圈一起形成地球的表面。

4.Paleogeotherm is important for understanding the thermal structure of lithosphere at a specific geological time.

古地温曲线是岩石圈在特定地质时期热结构的集中体现。

5.The fluctuation of hydrograph in deep wells records the fluid pulsation in the lithosphere and variation of the Earth's crust.

深部含水系统水文过程线的波动在很大程度上记录了岩石圈的流脉动及一些地质过程的定向变化。

6.The lithosphere is divided into a few dozen plates of various sizes and shapes, in general the plates are in motion with respect to one another.

岩石圈被划分为几十个大小不同形状各异的板块，一般而言这些板块都处于相对运动之中。

7.The hydrosphere, atmosphere, pedosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, and energy circle in an ecosystem are also in a dynamic balance.

生态系统中的水圈、气圈、土石圈、生物圈、能量圈也呈动态平衡。

8.A zone of the earth's mantle that lies beneath the lithosphere and consists of several hundred kilometers of deformable rock.

软流圈地球中地幔的一个区域，在岩石圈之下，包括几百公里可变形的岩石。

9.The study of the Earth's structure begins with the understanding of the lithosphere, which is the rigid outer layer of the planet.

对地球结构的研究始于对岩石圈的理解，它是地球的刚性外层。

10.The tectonic plates are part of the lithosphere, and their movements can cause earthquakes.

构造板块是岩石圈的一部分，它们的运动可能导致地震。

11.The lithosphere plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle by storing carbon in rocks.

岩石圈在碳循环中发挥着关键作用，通过将碳储存在岩石中。

12.Geologists often analyze the lithosphere to understand soil composition and mineral resources.

地质学家常常分析岩石圈以了解土壤成分和矿产资源。

13.Volcanic activity originates from processes occurring beneath the lithosphere.

火山活动源于发生在岩石圈下方的过程。

作文

The Earth is a complex and dynamic system, composed of various layers that interact with one another. One of the most important layers is the lithosphere, which refers to the rigid outer layer of the Earth, encompassing both the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. The lithosphere plays a crucial role in the geological processes that shape our planet, influencing everything from the formation of mountains to the occurrence of earthquakes.To understand the significance of the lithosphere, we must first explore its composition. The lithosphere is primarily made up of solid rock, which includes a variety of minerals and elements. This layer is typically between 5 to 70 kilometers thick, depending on whether it is under the ocean or land. The oceanic lithosphere is thinner and denser compared to the continental lithosphere, which is thicker and less dense due to the presence of lighter materials such as granite.The lithosphere is not static; it is constantly undergoing changes due to tectonic activity. The Earth's outer shell is divided into several large plates known as tectonic plates, which float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them. These plates are in perpetual motion, driven by forces such as mantle convection and slab pull. As they move, they interact at their boundaries, leading to various geological phenomena. For instance, when two plates collide, they can create mountain ranges, while divergent boundaries can lead to the formation of new oceanic crust.Moreover, the lithosphere is crucial for understanding natural disasters. Earthquakes occur when stress builds up along fault lines in the lithosphere, eventually releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. This release can cause significant destruction, affecting communities and ecosystems alike. Additionally, volcanic eruptions are often linked to the movement of tectonic plates within the lithosphere. When magma from the mantle breaches the surface, it can result in explosive eruptions that reshape landscapes and impact climate.The importance of the lithosphere extends beyond geological processes; it also supports life on Earth. The soil that forms on the surface of the lithosphere is essential for agriculture and ecosystems. Nutrient-rich soils allow plants to thrive, which in turn supports a diverse range of animal life. Moreover, the lithosphere contains valuable resources such as minerals, metals, and fossil fuels, which are critical for human civilization.In conclusion, the lithosphere is a fundamental component of our planet, integral to both geological processes and the support of life. Its dynamic nature shapes the world around us, influencing landscapes, natural disasters, and ecosystems. Understanding the lithosphere helps us appreciate the complexity of Earth’s systems and the delicate balance that sustains life. As we continue to study this vital layer, we gain insights that can inform our efforts to protect the environment and mitigate the impacts of natural hazards.

地球是一个复杂而动态的系统，由多个层次组成，这些层次彼此相互作用。其中一个最重要的层次是岩石圈，它指的是地球的刚性外层，包括地壳和上部地幔。岩石圈在塑造我们星球的地质过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，影响着从山脉的形成到地震的发生等一切。要理解岩石圈的重要性，我们首先必须探讨它的组成。岩石圈主要由固体岩石构成，其中包含多种矿物和元素。根据是在海洋还是陆地下，它的厚度通常在5到70公里之间。海洋岩石圈比大陆岩石圈更薄且更密集，而大陆岩石圈则因存在较轻的材料如花岗岩而更厚且密度较低。岩石圈并不是静态的；它由于构造活动而不断变化。地球的外壳被称为构造板块的几大板块划分，这些板块漂浮在其下的半流体软流圈上。这些板块处于持续运动中，受地幔对流和板块拉动等力量驱动。当它们移动时，会在边界处相互作用，导致各种地质现象。例如，当两个板块碰撞时，可能会形成山脉，而发散边界则可能导致新的海洋地壳的形成。此外，岩石圈对于理解自然灾害至关重要。地震发生在岩石圈中的断层线上，当应力积累到一定程度后，最终以地震波的形式释放能量。这种释放可能造成重大破坏，影响社区和生态系统。同时，火山喷发通常与岩石圈内构造板块的运动有关。当来自地幔的岩浆突破表面时，可能导致爆炸性的喷发，重塑地形并影响气候。岩石圈的重要性不仅限于地质过程，它还支持地球上的生命。形成在岩石圈表面的土壤对于农业和生态系统至关重要。富含营养的土壤使植物繁茂生长，进而支持多样化的动物生命。此外，岩石圈还包含矿物、金属和化石燃料等宝贵资源，这些资源对人类文明至关重要。总之，岩石圈是我们星球的基本组成部分，对地质过程和生命的支持至关重要。它的动态特性塑造了我们周围的世界，影响着地貌、自然灾害和生态系统。理解岩石圈帮助我们欣赏地球系统的复杂性以及维持生命的微妙平衡。随着我们继续研究这一重要层次，我们获得的见解可以为保护环境和减轻自然灾害的影响提供信息。