last-in first-out

简明释义

后进先出

英英释义

例句

1.The accounting department follows a last-in first-out 后进先出 approach for valuing inventory, which can affect reported profits.

会计部门采用后进先出的方法来评估库存，这可能会影响报告的利润。

2.During the software development process, we often implement a last-in first-out 后进先出 strategy for managing tasks, where the most recent tasks are prioritized.

在软件开发过程中，我们经常实施后进先出策略来管理任务，最近的任务被优先处理。

3.Retailers often apply a last-in first-out 后进先出 policy to clear out seasonal stock quickly.

零售商通常应用后进先出政策快速清理季节性库存。

4.In a stack data structure, the last-in first-out 后进先出 principle means that the last element added is the first one to be removed.

在栈数据结构中，后进先出原则意味着最后添加的元素是第一个被移除的元素。

5.In our warehouse, we use the last-in first-out 后进先出 method to manage inventory, ensuring that the newest products are shipped out first.

在我们的仓库中，我们使用后进先出方法来管理库存，确保最新的产品优先发货。

作文

In the world of finance and inventory management, there are several methods used to manage stock and assets. One of the most notable methods is the last-in first-out (LIFO) approach. This method operates on the principle that the most recently acquired items are the first ones to be used or sold. Understanding this concept is crucial for businesses as it can significantly affect their financial statements and tax liabilities.To illustrate the last-in first-out method, let’s consider a simple example involving a bakery that sells bread. If the bakery bakes ten loaves of bread in the morning and then bakes another ten in the afternoon, the last-in first-out principle dictates that when a customer purchases a loaf, it will likely come from the second batch. This approach helps ensure that the freshest products are sold first, which is particularly important in the food industry where freshness is key to customer satisfaction.The implications of using the last-in first-out method extend beyond inventory management; they also impact financial reporting. During periods of inflation, for instance, the costs of goods sold (COGS) will be higher under LIFO because the more expensive, recently purchased items are considered sold first. This results in lower taxable income, which can be advantageous for businesses looking to minimize their tax burden. However, it may also lead to lower reported profits, which could affect investor perceptions.On the other hand, companies must also consider the drawbacks of the last-in first-out method. For one, it can create discrepancies between the actual flow of inventory and the accounting records. If a company uses LIFO but its inventory does not actually flow in that manner, it can lead to confusion and mismanagement. Additionally, if a business eventually decides to switch to a different inventory method, such as first-in first-out (FIFO), it may face challenges in reconciling its financial statements and adjusting its tax obligations.Moreover, the last-in first-out method is not universally accepted. Some countries have regulations that prohibit its use for tax purposes. Therefore, businesses operating internationally must carefully navigate these rules to ensure compliance while optimizing their financial strategies.In conclusion, the last-in first-out method is a significant concept in inventory management and financial accounting. It provides businesses with a way to manage their stock effectively, particularly in industries where product freshness is crucial. However, it also comes with its own set of challenges and implications for financial reporting. As such, understanding the nuances of the last-in first-out method is essential for any business owner or financial manager aiming to make informed decisions regarding inventory and taxation. The decision to adopt this method should be made with careful consideration of both its benefits and limitations, ensuring that it aligns with the overall business strategy and operational realities.

在金融和库存管理的世界中，有几种方法用于管理库存和资产。其中最显著的方法之一是后进先出（LIFO）方法。该方法的原则是最近获得的物品是首先被使用或出售的。理解这一概念对企业至关重要，因为它可能会显著影响财务报表和税务负担。为了说明后进先出方法，让我们考虑一个简单的例子，涉及一家销售面包的面包店。如果面包店早上烤了十个面包，然后在下午又烤了十个，那么后进先出原则规定，当顾客购买一个面包时，它很可能来自第二批。这种方法有助于确保新鲜的产品首先被出售，这在食品行业尤为重要，因为新鲜度是客户满意度的关键。使用后进先出方法的影响超出了库存管理；它们还影响财务报告。例如，在通货膨胀时期，由于考虑到更昂贵的、最近购买的商品首先被视为售出，因此销售成本（COGS）将较高。这导致应纳税收入较低，这对于希望减少税负的企业来说是有利的。然而，这也可能导致报告利润较低，从而影响投资者的看法。另一方面，公司还必须考虑后进先出方法的缺点。首先，它可能导致实际库存流动与会计记录之间的不一致。如果一家公司使用LIFO，但其库存实际上并不以这种方式流动，可能会导致混淆和管理不善。此外，如果企业最终决定切换到另一种库存方法，例如先进先出（FIFO），则可能面临调和财务报表和调整税务义务的挑战。此外，后进先出方法并非普遍接受。一些国家有规定禁止其用于税务目的。因此，在国际运营的企业必须仔细处理这些规则，以确保合规，同时优化其财务策略。总之，后进先出方法是库存管理和财务会计中的一个重要概念。它为企业提供了一种有效管理库存的方法，尤其是在产品新鲜度至关重要的行业。然而，它也带来了自身的一系列挑战和财务报告的影响。因此，理解后进先出方法的细微差别对于任何企业主或财务经理来说都是至关重要的，他们旨在就库存和税务做出明智的决策。采用此方法的决定应在仔细考虑其优缺点的基础上做出，确保与整体商业战略和运营现实相一致。