local corrosion

简明释义

局部腐蚀

英英释义

例句

1.After analyzing the failure, we discovered that local corrosion 局部腐蚀 was the primary cause of the equipment breakdown.

在分析故障后，我们发现局部腐蚀是设备故障的主要原因。

2.The technician applied a protective coating to reduce the risk of local corrosion 局部腐蚀 in the storage tanks.

技术员在储罐上涂抹了保护涂层，以降低发生局部腐蚀的风险。

3.The engineer noted that the pipe showed signs of local corrosion 局部腐蚀 due to the accumulation of moisture.

工程师注意到管道因潮湿积聚而出现了局部腐蚀的迹象。

4.To prevent local corrosion 局部腐蚀, regular inspections are necessary for all metal components.

为了防止局部腐蚀，所有金属部件都需要定期检查。

5.The report highlighted several instances of local corrosion 局部腐蚀 in the bridge structure.

报告强调了桥梁结构中几处局部腐蚀的实例。

作文

Corrosion is a natural process that involves the gradual destruction of materials, usually metals, through chemical reactions with their environment. Among the various types of corrosion, local corrosion (局部腐蚀) stands out due to its localized nature, which can lead to significant structural failures if not properly managed. Understanding local corrosion is essential for engineers and maintenance personnel in industries such as construction, manufacturing, and transportation.Local corrosion occurs when there are variations in the metal surface or its environment that create conditions conducive to corrosion in specific areas. This can happen due to factors like moisture accumulation, the presence of corrosive agents, or even mechanical damage that exposes the underlying material. For instance, in a pipeline system, if a section of the pipe experiences a scratch or dent, it may become a site for local corrosion because the protective oxide layer has been compromised, allowing corrosive substances to attack the bare metal.One of the most common forms of local corrosion is pitting corrosion, which leads to the formation of small pits or holes in the metal surface. These pits can penetrate deeply into the material, resulting in a failure that may not be immediately visible. Pitting is particularly dangerous because it can occur beneath protective coatings, making it difficult to detect until significant damage has occurred. Another form is crevice corrosion, which occurs in confined spaces where stagnant water or corrosive agents can accumulate, leading to aggressive corrosion in these areas.The implications of local corrosion can be severe. In the aerospace industry, for example, even a small amount of corrosion on an aircraft can compromise its safety and performance. Similarly, in marine environments, ships and offshore structures are particularly vulnerable to local corrosion due to the constant exposure to saltwater, which accelerates the corrosion process. Therefore, regular inspections and maintenance are crucial to identify and mitigate the effects of local corrosion before they lead to catastrophic failures.Preventing local corrosion requires a multifaceted approach. One effective strategy is the application of protective coatings that provide a barrier between the metal surface and the corrosive environment. Additionally, using corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel or alloys specifically designed for harsh conditions, can significantly reduce the risk of local corrosion. Furthermore, implementing cathodic protection systems can help to prevent corrosion by making the metal surface the cathode in an electrochemical cell, thereby stopping the corrosion process.In conclusion, local corrosion represents a significant challenge in material durability and integrity. Understanding its mechanisms, identifying its causes, and implementing effective prevention strategies are critical for ensuring the longevity and safety of structures and equipment. As industries continue to evolve and face new environmental challenges, ongoing research and development in corrosion science will be vital in combating local corrosion and maintaining the reliability of essential infrastructure.

腐蚀是一个自然过程，涉及材料（通常是金属）通过与其环境的化学反应逐渐被破坏。在各种腐蚀类型中，local corrosion（局部腐蚀）因其局部性质而脱颖而出，如果不加以妥善管理，可能导致重大结构故障。理解local corrosion对于建筑、制造和运输等行业的工程师和维护人员至关重要。局部腐蚀发生在金属表面或其环境存在差异时，这种差异创造了有利于特定区域腐蚀的条件。这可能由于湿气积聚、腐蚀性物质的存在，甚至是机械损伤暴露了基础材料。例如，在管道系统中，如果管道的一段经历了划伤或凹陷，它可能成为local corrosion的发生地，因为保护氧化层已被破坏，允许腐蚀性物质侵蚀裸露的金属。local corrosion最常见的形式之一是点蚀腐蚀，它会导致金属表面形成小坑或孔。这些坑可能深深地穿透材料，导致的故障可能不会立即显现。点蚀特别危险，因为它可能发生在保护涂层之下，使其难以检测，直到发生重大损害。另一种形式是缝隙腐蚀，发生在狭窄空间中，静止水或腐蚀性物质可以积聚，从而在这些区域引起激烈的腐蚀。local corrosion的影响可能是严重的。在航空航天行业，例如，即使是飞机上的少量腐蚀也可能危及其安全和性能。同样，在海洋环境中，船舶和海上结构由于持续暴露于盐水中，特别容易受到local corrosion的影响，这加速了腐蚀过程。因此，定期检查和维护对于识别和减轻local corrosion的影响至关重要，以防止其导致灾难性故障。预防local corrosion需要多方面的方法。一种有效的策略是应用保护涂层，为金属表面与腐蚀环境之间提供屏障。此外，使用耐腐蚀材料，如不锈钢或专为恶劣条件设计的合金，可以显著降低local corrosion的风险。此外，实施阴极保护系统可以通过使金属表面成为电化学池中的阴极来帮助防止腐蚀，从而阻止腐蚀过程。总之，local corrosion代表了材料耐久性和完整性的重大挑战。了解其机制、识别其原因以及实施有效的预防策略对于确保结构和设备的长期可靠性和安全性至关重要。随着行业的不断发展并面临新的环境挑战，腐蚀科学的持续研究和发展将对抗击local corrosion和维护关键基础设施的可靠性至关重要。