intrinsic viscosity

简明释义

固有粘度

英英释义

例句

1.The measurement of intrinsic viscosity is crucial for determining the molecular weight of polymers.

测量内在粘度对确定聚合物的分子量至关重要。

2.We analyzed the intrinsic viscosity of the solution to assess its flow behavior.

我们分析了溶液的内在粘度以评估其流动行为。

3.A higher intrinsic viscosity typically indicates a larger molecular size.

更高的内在粘度通常表示分子尺寸较大。

4.In this study, we focused on the intrinsic viscosity of different polymer solutions at various temperatures.

在这项研究中，我们关注了不同聚合物溶液在不同温度下的内在粘度。

5.The intrinsic viscosity can provide insights into the chain dimensions of macromolecules.

通过内在粘度可以深入了解大分子的链尺寸。

作文

The study of polymers and their properties has led to significant advancements in various fields, including materials science, biochemistry, and engineering. One of the fundamental concepts in polymer science is intrinsic viscosity, which plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of polymers in solution. Intrinsic viscosity refers to a measure of a polymer's contribution to the viscosity of a solution at infinite dilution, meaning that it quantifies how much the polymer molecules affect the flow of the solvent when they are present in very low concentrations.To understand intrinsic viscosity, it is essential to know that viscosity itself is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. When polymers are dissolved in a solvent, they can significantly alter the viscosity of that solution. The intrinsic viscosity is a specific value that provides insight into the size, shape, and interaction of the polymer chains in the solvent. It is typically determined using viscometry, where the flow time of the solution is measured and compared to that of the pure solvent.The significance of intrinsic viscosity extends beyond just theoretical understanding; it has practical implications in various industries. For instance, in the production of plastics, knowing the intrinsic viscosity helps manufacturers predict how a polymer will behave during processing and in end-use applications. High intrinsic viscosity values often indicate longer polymer chains, which can enhance mechanical properties like strength and toughness.In the field of biochemistry, intrinsic viscosity is vital for characterizing biopolymers such as proteins and nucleic acids. By analyzing the intrinsic viscosity of these macromolecules, researchers can infer information about their conformations and interactions in biological systems. For example, changes in intrinsic viscosity can indicate conformational changes in proteins that may be related to their function or stability, making it an essential parameter in drug development and protein engineering.Moreover, intrinsic viscosity can also provide insights into the effects of environmental conditions on polymer behavior. Factors such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength can influence the intrinsic viscosity of a polymer solution, thereby affecting its performance in applications ranging from coatings to biomedical devices. Understanding these relationships allows scientists and engineers to tailor polymer properties for specific applications by adjusting formulation conditions.In conclusion, intrinsic viscosity is a fundamental property that offers invaluable information about polymers and their behavior in solution. Its importance spans across multiple disciplines, influencing everything from industrial manufacturing processes to biological research. As we continue to explore the complexities of polymer science, the concept of intrinsic viscosity will remain a critical tool for understanding and manipulating the properties of these versatile materials. By mastering this concept, researchers and practitioners can better harness the potential of polymers in innovative applications, ultimately leading to advancements that benefit society as a whole.

聚合物及其性质的研究在材料科学、生物化学和工程等多个领域取得了显著进展。聚合物科学中的一个基本概念是内在粘度，它在理解聚合物在溶液中行为方面起着至关重要的作用。内在粘度是指聚合物在无限稀释时对溶液粘度的贡献的量度，这意味着它量化了聚合物分子在非常低浓度下对溶剂流动的影响。要理解内在粘度，必须知道粘度本身是流体对流动的抵抗力的度量。当聚合物溶解在溶剂中时，它们可以显著改变该溶液的粘度。内在粘度是一个特定值，提供了有关聚合物链在溶剂中大小、形状和相互作用的洞察。通常通过粘度计测定内在粘度，其中测量溶液的流动时间并与纯溶剂的流动时间进行比较。内在粘度的重要性不仅限于理论理解；它在各个行业中具有实际意义。例如，在塑料生产中，了解内在粘度有助于制造商预测聚合物在加工和最终使用中的表现。高内在粘度值通常表明聚合物链较长，这可以增强机械性能，如强度和韧性。在生物化学领域，内在粘度对于表征生物聚合物（如蛋白质和核酸）至关重要。通过分析这些大分子的内在粘度，研究人员可以推断出它们在生物系统中的构象和相互作用的信息。例如，内在粘度的变化可以指示与功能或稳定性相关的蛋白质构象变化，使其成为药物开发和蛋白质工程中的重要参数。此外，内在粘度还可以提供有关环境条件对聚合物行为影响的洞察。温度、pH值和离子强度等因素可以影响聚合物溶液的内在粘度，从而影响其在涂料到生物医学设备等应用中的性能。了解这些关系使科学家和工程师能够通过调整配方条件来定制聚合物的属性，以满足特定应用的需求。总之，内在粘度是一个基本属性，提供了关于聚合物及其在溶液中行为的宝贵信息。它的重要性跨越多个学科，影响从工业制造过程到生物研究的方方面面。随着我们继续探索聚合物科学的复杂性，内在粘度的概念将仍然是理解和操控这些多功能材料属性的关键工具。通过掌握这一概念，研究人员和从业者可以更好地利用聚合物在创新应用中的潜力，最终推动有益于整个社会的进步。