privateer

简明释义

英[ˌpraɪvəˈtɪə(r)]美[ˌpraɪvəˈtɪr]

n. 私掠船；武装民船；私掠船船长；私掠船船员

vi. 私掠巡航

复 数 p r i v a t e e r s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Privateer: a privateer was a captain of a ship that attacked and captured other ships and stole valuable items from them.

海盗船长(Privateer)：是专门攻击和捕获其他船只并从中获得财物的海盗船的船长。

2.In 1696 Kidd reluctantly became a privateer for England and was expected to fight pirates on the open sea, seize their cargoes, and provide a hefty share of the spoils to the Crown.

1696年基德不情愿地为英格兰变成了一名海盗并被要求在公海上与其它海盗作战，抢夺他们的货物，并同国王分享战利品。

3.He captured several large treasure ships and then loaded his booty onto the ship that he captained when he was a privateer.

他捕获了几支大型的船支，然后将战利品转移到当他是海盗船长时指挥的那条船上去。

4.This heritage has so influenced his cuisine that Roellinger is often referred to as "the privateer chef."

这种传统对他的影响是如此之深，以致他经常被人们称为“海盗厨师”。

5.As a privateer he spent his time raiding the French along the West African coastline..

他以海盗船长的身份袭击了西非海岸附近的法国属地。

6.Privateer: Privately owned vessel a state at war to attack enemy ships, usually merchant vessels.

武装民船： 为交战国征用以攻击敌方船只（常是商船）的私有武装船只。

7.Since Kidd was a privateer for the British, this attack was considered an act of piracy.

因为基德之前是个受雇于英国的海盗搜捕船长，但是这次袭击被认定为海盗行为。

8.Corsair: a corsair is a French seaman or privateer who sailed mostly in the South Mediterranean sea.

海盗(Corsair)：这个词专指主要在南地中海地区航行的法国水手或海盗船长。

9.Ogier, the 2008 Junior world champion, made his Rally Sweden debut last season and could find it hard to outgun Loeb and Citroen privateer Petter Solberg.

2008年世界汽车拉力锦标赛青年组冠军奥吉尔，在上个赛季首次参加瑞典拉力赛就发现自己很难跟上勒布，以及雪铁龙私人车手皮特·索伯格。

10.During the 17th century, many nations relied on a privateer 私掠船 to disrupt enemy trade routes.

在17世纪，许多国家依靠私掠船来破坏敌人的贸易路线。

11.The infamous privateer 私掠船 Blackbeard was known for his ruthless attacks on merchant ships.

臭名昭著的私掠船黑胡子因对商船的无情攻击而闻名。

12.A successful privateer 私掠船 captain could gain fame and fortune during wartime.

在战争期间，一位成功的私掠船船长可以获得名声和财富。

13.In the Caribbean, a privateer 私掠船 could earn a fortune by capturing enemy vessels.

在加勒比海，一艘私掠船通过捕获敌舰可以赚取巨额财富。

14.The government issued letters of marque to authorize the actions of a privateer 私掠船 against rival nations.

政府发放了私掠许可证，以授权私掠船对抗竞争国家的行动。

作文

In the annals of maritime history, the term privateer refers to a privately owned ship that is authorized by a government during wartime to attack enemy vessels. This practice was particularly prevalent from the 16th to the 19th centuries, when nations like England, France, and Spain issued letters of marque to ship owners, granting them the legal right to capture enemy ships and their cargo. The motivations behind becoming a privateer were often driven by profit, as these private vessels could reap significant rewards from successful raids. However, the line between legitimate privateering and piracy was often blurred, leading to complex legal and ethical questions.One of the most famous examples of a privateer is Sir Francis Drake, an English sea captain who was knighted by Queen Elizabeth I. Drake's exploits against Spanish ships not only enriched him but also contributed to England's naval power during a time of fierce competition with Spain. His actions were sanctioned by the English crown, which viewed his privateer activities as a means to weaken Spain’s dominance on the seas. However, to the Spanish, Drake was nothing less than a pirate, illustrating how the perception of privateers varied depending on one's national allegiance.The role of privateers extended beyond mere commerce raiding; they played a significant part in naval warfare. By disrupting enemy trade routes and capturing supplies, privateers could significantly impact the resources available to opposing forces. This was especially important during prolonged conflicts when traditional navies were stretched thin. The use of privateers allowed countries to augment their naval capabilities without incurring the full costs associated with maintaining a large fleet.However, the rise of privateering also led to complications. As nations began to rely more on these privately owned vessels, it became increasingly difficult to control their actions. Some privateers took liberties with their commissions, engaging in acts that could easily be classified as piracy. This prompted calls for regulation and oversight, leading to treaties and agreements aimed at curbing abuses. The Treaty of Paris in 1856, for example, marked the end of the era of legal privateering, as signatory nations agreed to prohibit the practice altogether.Despite its decline, the legacy of privateers remains evident in modern naval warfare and international law. The concept of using non-state actors in conflict continues to evolve, echoing the historical practices of privateers. Today, mercenaries and private military contractors operate in ways reminiscent of their maritime predecessors, raising similar questions about legality, morality, and national sovereignty.In conclusion, the term privateer encapsulates a fascinating chapter in the history of maritime warfare. These ships and their crews navigated a complex world of legality and loyalty, often operating in a gray area between patriotism and greed. Understanding the role of privateers not only sheds light on past conflicts but also offers valuable insights into the ongoing debates surrounding private involvement in warfare. As we reflect on the impact of privateers, we are reminded of the intricate dance between commerce, war, and national interest that continues to shape our world today.

在海洋历史的记载中，术语privateer指的是在战争期间由政府授权的私人拥有的船只，用于攻击敌方船只。这种做法在16世纪到19世纪期间尤为普遍，当时英格兰、法国和西班牙等国家向船主发放了私掠许可证，赋予他们合法捕获敌方船只及其货物的权利。成为privateer的动机通常是出于盈利，因为这些私人船只可以通过成功的袭击获得可观的回报。然而，合法私掠与海盗行为之间的界限往往模糊不清，这导致了复杂的法律和伦理问题。最著名的privateer之一是弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士，他是一位被伊丽莎白一世女王封爵的英格兰海盗。德雷克对西班牙船只的掠夺不仅使他富有，还在激烈竞争的时代增强了英格兰的海军力量。他的行为得到了英格兰王室的支持，王室将他的privateer活动视为削弱西班牙海上霸权的一种手段。然而，对西班牙人来说，德雷克无异于海盗，这说明了privateer的看法因国籍而异。Privateers的角色不仅限于商业掠夺；他们在海战中也发挥了重要作用。通过破坏敌方的贸易路线和捕获补给品，privateers可以显著影响对方可用的资源。这在长期冲突中尤为重要，因为传统海军的力量往往捉襟见肘。使用privateers使各国能够在不承担维护大型舰队全部费用的情况下增强海军能力。然而，privateering的兴起也带来了复杂性。随着各国越来越依赖这些私人船只，控制其行动变得越来越困难。一些privateers利用其授权，进行容易被归类为海盗行为的活动。这促使人们呼吁进行监管和监督，导致旨在遏制滥用行为的条约和协议。例如，1856年的巴黎条约标志着合法privateering时代的结束，签署国同意全面禁止这一做法。尽管其衰退，privateers的遗产在现代海战和国际法中仍然显而易见。利用非国家行为者参与冲突的概念在不断发展，回响着历史上privateers的做法。如今，雇佣兵和私人军事承包商以类似于其海洋前辈的方式运作，引发了关于合法性、道德和国家主权的类似问题。总之，术语privateer概括了海战历史中一个迷人的章节。这些船只及其船员在法律和忠诚的复杂世界中航行，常常在爱国主义与贪婪之间的灰色地带运作。理解privateers的角色不仅揭示了过去冲突的真相，还为我们提供了有关私人参与战争的持续辩论的宝贵见解。当我们回顾privateers的影响时，我们被提醒了商业、战争与国家利益之间复杂的舞蹈，这种舞蹈继续塑造着我们今天的世界。