jus cogens

简明释义

强制法

英英释义

例句

1.Any treaty that conflicts with jus cogens (强制法) norms can be considered void.

任何与jus cogens（强制法）规范相冲突的条约都可以被视为无效。

2.States are obligated to respect jus cogens (强制法) norms in their domestic legislation.

各国有义务在其国内立法中尊重jus cogens（强制法）规范。

3.The prohibition of genocide is a classic example of jus cogens (强制法).

灭绝种族的禁令是jus cogens（强制法）的经典例子。

4.The principle of jus cogens (强制法) prohibits torture under international law.

国际法中的原则jus cogens（强制法）禁止酷刑。

5.The concept of jus cogens (强制法) ensures that certain rights cannot be violated.

jus cogens（强制法）的概念确保某些权利不能被侵犯。

作文

In the realm of international law, the concept of jus cogens is of paramount importance. This Latin term translates to 'compelling law' and refers to certain fundamental principles that are universally recognized as binding on all states. These norms are considered so essential that they cannot be violated or derogated from, regardless of the circumstances or agreements between states. Examples of jus cogens norms include prohibitions against genocide, torture, slavery, and crimes against humanity. The significance of jus cogens lies in its ability to uphold human rights and maintain international order, acting as a safeguard against the most egregious violations of human dignity.The origins of jus cogens can be traced back to the development of international law following World War II. The atrocities committed during the war highlighted the need for a legal framework that could prevent such horrors from occurring again. As a result, the international community began to recognize certain norms as being so fundamental that they should be protected at all costs. This recognition led to the establishment of various treaties and conventions aimed at codifying these principles, such as the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide and the Convention Against Torture.One of the key features of jus cogens is its hierarchical status within international law. It supersedes other treaties and agreements that may conflict with it. This means that if a state enters into a treaty that violates a jus cogens norm, that treaty would be rendered void. This hierarchical structure is crucial in ensuring that the most important principles of human rights and dignity are upheld, even in the face of conflicting national interests.Furthermore, the enforcement of jus cogens norms presents a unique challenge. While these principles are universally recognized, their implementation often depends on the willingness of states to adhere to them. International bodies, such as the International Criminal Court (ICC), play a vital role in enforcing jus cogens norms by prosecuting individuals accused of committing serious crimes. However, the effectiveness of these institutions can be hindered by political considerations and the reluctance of states to cooperate.In conclusion, jus cogens represents a cornerstone of international law, embodying the collective commitment of the global community to protect fundamental human rights. Its universal applicability and superior status ensure that certain principles remain inviolable, serving as a reminder that there are limits to state sovereignty when it comes to the protection of human dignity. As the world continues to evolve and face new challenges, the relevance of jus cogens will undoubtedly persist, guiding the actions of states and international organizations in their pursuit of justice and accountability. The ongoing struggle to uphold these norms highlights the importance of vigilance and advocacy in the fight against impunity and injustice on a global scale.

在国际法领域，jus cogens的概念至关重要。这个拉丁词汇翻译为“强制法”，指的是某些被普遍承认为对所有国家具有约束力的基本原则。这些规范被视为如此重要，以至于无论情况或国家之间的协议如何，都不能被违反或减损。jus cogens规范的例子包括对种族灭绝、酷刑、奴役和危害人类罪的禁止。jus cogens的重要性在于它能够维护人权和维持国际秩序，充当对最严重侵犯人类尊严行为的保护屏障。jus cogens的起源可以追溯到第二次世界大战后国际法的发展。战争期间发生的暴行突显了需要一个法律框架，以防止此类恐怖事件再次发生。因此，国际社会开始承认某些规范是如此根本，以至于必须不惜一切代价加以保护。这种承认导致了各种条约和公约的建立，旨在将这些原则编纂成法，例如《防止和惩治种族灭绝罪公约》和《反酷刑公约》。jus cogens的一个关键特征是其在国际法中的等级地位。它优先于可能与之冲突的其他条约和协议。这意味着如果一个国家签署了一个违反jus cogens规范的条约，该条约将被视为无效。这种等级结构对于确保最重要的人权和尊严原则得到维护至关重要，即使面对相互冲突的国家利益。此外，执行jus cogens规范也面临独特的挑战。虽然这些原则被普遍承认，但它们的实施往往取决于国家遵守的意愿。国际刑事法院（ICC）等国际机构在通过起诉被指控犯有严重罪行的个人来执行jus cogens规范方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，这些机构的有效性可能会受到政治考虑和国家合作意愿不足的阻碍。总之，jus cogens代表了国际法的基石，体现了全球社会保护基本人权的共同承诺。其普遍适用性和优越地位确保某些原则保持不可侵犯，提醒人们在保护人类尊严时，国家主权是有限的。随着世界不断发展并面临新挑战，jus cogens的相关性无疑会持续存在，指导各国和国际组织在追求正义和问责制的过程中。维护这些规范的持续斗争突显了在全球范围内打击有罪不罚和不公正的重要性和必要性。