phytohormones

简明释义

英[ˈfaɪtəʊhɔːməʊnz]美[ˈfaɪtoʊˌhɔrmoʊnz]

[植] 植物激素

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In the process of rice genetic transformation, the levels and changes of endogenous phytohormones affect calli's physiological status.

水稻遗传转化过程中，内源激素的含量及变化影响着愈伤组织的生理状态。

2.Vascular plants produce an entire series of different small signalling molecules, so-called phytohormones, which regulate growth and differentiation processes.

维管束植物会产生一系列不同的小分子信号物质，就是所说的植物激素，它们调控着植物的生长分化进程。

3.The results showed that the levels of endogenous phytohormones in embryogenic calli were higher than those in non-embryogenic calli.

结果表明，龙眼胚性愈伤组织中内源激素含量比非胚性愈伤组织高；

4.The inoculation with K. oxytoca stimulated the excretion of Eucalyptus root and affected the contents of amino acids, carbohydrates, phytohormones of root exudates.

接种联合固氮菌能刺激桉树根系的分泌作用，并对根系分泌物的氨基酸、糖及激素的含量有所影响。

5.There were different states of morphogenesis when leaves of Pinellia ternate were cultured on MS medium containing different phytohormones.

在附加不同外源激素的MS培养基中，叶片的形态发生表现出不同的状态；

6.Effects of basal culture medium, sucrose concentration, natural extracts and phytohormones on protocorm differentiation were studied.

试验了基本培养基、蔗糖浓度、天然提取物以及植物激素对铁皮石斛原球茎分化的影响。

7.Changes of the activity of IAA oxidase, tryptophan synthetase and cytokinin oxidase in sterile anther, leaf and ovule were similar to those of phytohormones.

棉花细胞质雄性不育花药、叶片和胚珠中，IA A氧化酶、色氨酸合成酶和细胞分裂素氧化酶活性的变化与内源激素含量的变化基本一致。

8.The changes rules of endogenous phytohormones in Citrange and Shanxiahong under drought stress were studied.

研究了干旱胁迫下枳橙和山下红密柑内源激素含量的变化。

9.Phytohormones affected obviously the growth and nicotine content of the hairy root.

烟草发状根培养中，激素对发状根生长和烟碱合成有较大影响。

10.Auxins are a type of phytohormones that promote cell elongation.

生长素是一种促进细胞伸长的植物激素。

11.The balance of different phytohormones is crucial for plant health.

不同植物激素的平衡对植物健康至关重要。

12.The application of phytohormones can enhance fruit ripening.

施用植物激素可以促进水果成熟。

13.Plants use phytohormones to regulate their growth and development.

植物利用植物激素来调节它们的生长和发育。

14.Researchers study phytohormones to improve crop yields.

研究人员研究植物激素以提高作物产量。

作文

Plants, much like humans and animals, have their own set of hormones that play crucial roles in their growth and development. These hormones are known as phytohormones (植物激素). They are organic compounds produced in plants that regulate various physiological processes. The study of phytohormones has become increasingly important in the field of botany and agriculture, as understanding these hormones can lead to improved crop yields and better management of plant health.There are several types of phytohormones, each with distinct functions. The most well-known types include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, and abscisic acid. Auxins, for example, are primarily involved in cell elongation, root formation, and the response of plants to light and gravity. They help in the growth of stems and the development of roots, making them vital for young plants.Gibberellins, another type of phytohormones, are responsible for promoting stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. They play a significant role in breaking dormancy in seeds, allowing them to sprout under favorable conditions. This is particularly important in agricultural practices where timely planting and harvesting can significantly impact yield.Cytokinins are known for their role in cell division and differentiation. They work in conjunction with auxins to promote shoot development and delay leaf senescence. This means that plants treated with cytokinins can remain green and healthy for longer periods, which is beneficial for crops that need to be harvested later.Ethylene is a unique phytohormones because it is a gas at room temperature. It is involved in the ripening of fruits and the regulation of flower opening. Farmers often use ethylene to synchronize the ripening of fruits, ensuring that they can be harvested at the same time, which is crucial for commercial production.Abscisic acid, on the other hand, plays a critical role in plant stress responses. It helps plants cope with drought conditions by closing stomata, thereby reducing water loss. Understanding how phytohormones like abscisic acid function can aid in developing crops that are more resilient to climate change and extreme weather conditions.The interaction between different phytohormones is complex and involves intricate signaling pathways. For instance, the balance between auxins and cytokinins determines whether a plant will grow roots or shoots. This interplay is essential for maintaining the overall health and structure of the plant.In conclusion, phytohormones (植物激素) are integral to the life cycle of plants. Their regulation and interaction influence everything from growth to response to environmental stresses. As we continue to explore the roles of these hormones, we can develop better agricultural practices, enhance food security, and create sustainable solutions to the challenges posed by climate change. By harnessing the power of phytohormones, we can ensure that our crops not only survive but thrive in an ever-changing world.

植物与人类和动物一样，拥有一套对其生长和发育至关重要的激素。这些激素被称为植物激素。它们是植物中产生的有机化合物，调节各种生理过程。对植物激素的研究在植物学和农业领域变得愈加重要，因为理解这些激素可以提高作物产量，改善植物健康管理。植物激素有几种类型，每种都有不同的功能。最著名的类型包括生长素、赤霉素、细胞分裂素、乙烯和脱落酸。例如，生长素主要涉及细胞伸长、根形成以及植物对光和重力的反应。它们帮助茎的生长和根的发育，对幼苗至关重要。赤霉素是另一种植物激素，负责促进茎的伸长、种子萌发和开花。它们在打破种子的休眠期方面发挥着重要作用，使种子能够在适宜的条件下发芽。这在农业实践中尤为重要，因为及时的种植和收获会显著影响产量。细胞分裂素以其在细胞分裂和分化中的作用而闻名。它们与生长素协同工作，促进芽的发展并延缓叶片衰老。这意味着处理过细胞分裂素的植物可以更长时间保持绿色和健康，这对需要稍后收获的作物非常有利。乙烯是一种独特的植物激素，因为在室温下它是一种气体。它参与水果的成熟和花朵的开放调节。农民常常使用乙烯来同步水果的成熟，确保它们能在同一时间被收获，这对商业生产至关重要。另一方面，脱落酸在植物应对压力反应中起着关键作用。它通过关闭气孔帮助植物应对干旱条件，从而减少水分流失。理解像脱落酸这样的植物激素的功能可以帮助开发出对气候变化和极端天气条件更具韧性的作物。不同植物激素之间的相互作用是复杂的，涉及错综复杂的信号通路。例如，生长素和细胞分裂素之间的平衡决定了植物是生长根还是芽。这种相互作用对维持植物的整体健康和结构至关重要。总之，植物激素是植物生命周期中不可或缺的一部分。它们的调节和相互作用影响从生长到应对环境压力的方方面面。随着我们继续探索这些激素的作用，我们可以开发出更好的农业实践，增强粮食安全，并为应对气候变化带来的挑战创造可持续的解决方案。通过利用植物激素的力量，我们可以确保我们的作物在不断变化的世界中不仅生存，而且繁荣。