deterrence

简明释义

英[dɪˈterəns]美[dɪˈtɜːrəns]

n. 威慑；妨碍物；挽留的事物

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.And in this new arms race, there is no road map for disarmament or deterrence.

在这场新型军备竞赛中，根本就没有裁军或者遏制力的路线图。

2.Deterrence, not antimissile interceptors, is still the best defense.

威慑而非反导拦截仍是最佳的防御手段。

3.India, after all, is interested only in "credible minimum deterrence" against the threats it faces.

毕竟，印度只对其面临的危险有“可靠的最低限度的威慑”感兴趣。

4.But there are two problems with the deterrence doctrine.

然而威慑理论还有2个问题。

5.The campaign has proven Israel's power and strengthened its deterrence.

战斗表明了以色列的军事实力，并且进一步加强了对对手的军事威慑。

6.The British public, too, is less convinced of the need for nuclear deterrence than in the past.

英国公众也不大相信有必要比过去保持更为强大的核威慑。

7.My view is that the new policy buys a trivial new incentive at the cost of a modest loss in deterrence.

我的看法是，新政策以温和的威慑损失为代价买了一份微不足道的新动机。

8.The concepts of deterrence against state actors are familiar, though not in a world of multiple nuclear powers.

威慑的概念对国家行为者所熟悉，但在世界多个核大国。

9.Photoshop CS was the first to employ the CDS (counterfeit deterrence system) which recognized and refused to allow duplication of paper currency.

PhotoshopCS是第一个采用CDS (counterfeitdeterrence system)的软件，可以识别并阻止伪钞的流通。

10.The government believes that the presence of nuclear weapons serves as a strong form of deterrence.

政府认为核武器的存在是强有力的威慑形式。

11.Effective law enforcement can act as a deterrence against crime.

有效的执法可以作为对犯罪的威慑。

12.Many believe that harsh penalties serve as a deterrence for future offenders.

许多人认为严厉的惩罚可以作为未来犯罪者的威慑。

13.The concept of deterrence is central to international relations.

在国际关系中，威慑的概念是核心。

14.The military strategy focuses on deterrence to prevent potential aggressors.

军事战略侧重于威慑以防止潜在的侵略者。

作文

In the realm of international relations and security studies, the concept of deterrence plays a pivotal role in shaping the strategies of nations. Deterrence can be defined as the prevention of action by the existence of a credible threat of significant retaliation. This strategy is often employed in military contexts to discourage adversaries from taking aggressive actions, thereby maintaining stability and peace. The effectiveness of deterrence lies in the belief that potential aggressors will weigh the consequences of their actions against the potential costs imposed by a retaliatory strike.Historically, the Cold War era serves as a prime example of deterrence theory in action. The United States and the Soviet Union amassed vast arsenals of nuclear weapons, each relying on the principle of mutually assured destruction (MAD) to prevent direct conflict. The logic was simple: if one side launched a nuclear attack, the other would respond with equal or greater force, resulting in catastrophic consequences for both parties. This delicate balance of power helped to avert large-scale wars, illustrating how deterrence can function effectively under certain conditions.However, deterrence is not without its challenges. The changing nature of warfare, particularly with the rise of non-state actors and cyber threats, complicates traditional deterrence strategies. For instance, how does one deter a terrorist organization that operates independently and may not have a clear command structure? In these cases, the traditional notion of deterrence becomes less applicable, as the threat may not be deterred by the fear of retaliation.Moreover, the credibility of deterrence is crucial. If a nation is perceived as unwilling or unable to follow through on its threats, the effectiveness of its deterrent posture diminishes significantly. This was evident during the 2014 Crimea crisis when Russia's actions challenged the Western concept of deterrence. The West's response, which included sanctions and military posturing, was seen by some as insufficient to deter further Russian aggression, leading to questions about the reliability of deterrence in contemporary geopolitics.Another critical aspect of deterrence is the psychological element involved. The mere perception of a threat can sometimes be enough to dissuade potential aggressors from taking action. This highlights the importance of communication and signaling in deterrence strategies. Nations must convey their capabilities and resolve convincingly to ensure that adversaries understand the potential consequences of their actions.In conclusion, while deterrence remains a cornerstone of security policy for many nations, its application is increasingly complex in a rapidly changing world. As new threats emerge, the traditional frameworks of deterrence must evolve to address these challenges. Understanding the nuances of deterrence, including its historical context, limitations, and psychological dimensions, is essential for policymakers aiming to maintain peace and security in an uncertain global landscape.

在国际关系和安全研究领域，威慑的概念在塑造国家战略方面发挥着关键作用。威慑可以定义为通过存在可信的重大报复威胁来防止行动。这一战略通常在军事背景下使用，以劝阻对手采取侵略行动，从而保持稳定与和平。威慑的有效性在于潜在侵略者会权衡其行动的后果与报复打击可能造成的成本之间的关系。历史上，冷战时期是< span>威慑理论付诸实践的典范。美国和苏联积累了庞大的核武器库，各自依赖相互保证毁灭（MAD）的原则来防止直接冲突。逻辑很简单：如果一方发起核攻击，另一方将以等量或更大力量进行回应，导致双方都遭受灾难性后果。这种微妙的权力平衡帮助避免了大规模战争，说明了在特定条件下< span>威慑如何有效。然而，威慑并非没有挑战。战争性质的变化，尤其是非国家行为者和网络威胁的崛起，使传统的威慑战略变得复杂。例如，如何威慑一个独立运作且可能没有明确指挥结构的恐怖组织？在这些情况下，传统的威慑概念变得不太适用，因为该威胁可能不会因报复的恐惧而受到威慑。此外，威慑的可信度至关重要。如果一个国家被认为不愿意或无法兑现其威胁，其威慑姿态的有效性将显著降低。这在2014年克里米亚危机中得到了体现，当时俄罗斯的行动挑战了西方的威慑概念。西方的反应，包括制裁和军事姿态，被一些人视为不足以威慑进一步的俄罗斯侵略，导致人们对当代地缘政治中威慑的可靠性产生质疑。威慑的另一个关键方面是涉及的心理因素。仅仅感知到威胁有时就足以劝阻潜在的侵略者采取行动。这突显了沟通和信号传递在威慑战略中的重要性。各国必须有效地传达其能力和决心，以确保对手理解其行动可能带来的后果。总之，尽管威慑仍然是许多国家安全政策的基石，但在快速变化的世界中，其应用变得愈加复杂。随着新威胁的出现，传统的威慑框架必须发展以应对这些挑战。理解威慑的细微差别，包括其历史背景、局限性和心理维度，对于希望在不确定的全球环境中维护和平与安全的决策者至关重要。