heavy-water moderator

简明释义

重水减速剂water moderator水减速剂

英英释义

例句

1.The reactor uses a heavy-water moderator to slow down neutrons effectively.

该反应堆使用重水慢化剂有效减缓中子速度。

2.Canada's CANDU reactors utilize a heavy-water moderator to achieve high performance.

加拿大的CANDU反应堆利用重水慢化剂实现高性能。

3.Researchers are studying the benefits of a heavy-water moderator in advanced reactor designs.

研究人员正在研究在先进反应堆设计中使用重水慢化剂的好处。

4.The efficiency of using a heavy-water moderator can lead to better fuel utilization.

使用重水慢化剂的效率可以提高燃料利用率。

5.In many nuclear power plants, a heavy-water moderator is essential for maintaining the chain reaction.

在许多核电站中，重水慢化剂对于维持链式反应至关重要。

作文

In the field of nuclear physics and engineering, the term heavy-water moderator refers to a specific type of material used in nuclear reactors to slow down neutrons. This process is crucial for sustaining a controlled nuclear reaction. The primary function of a heavy-water moderator is to enhance the likelihood of neutron absorption by fissile material, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239. Unlike regular water, heavy water is composed of deuterium, a hydrogen isotope that contains one proton and one neutron, making it denser than ordinary water. This unique property allows heavy water to effectively slow down fast neutrons without capturing them, which is essential for maintaining a chain reaction in certain types of reactors.The use of a heavy-water moderator has several advantages over other moderating materials, such as graphite or light water. One significant benefit is that heavy water can be utilized in natural uranium reactors, which do not require enrichment of uranium fuel. This feature makes heavy-water reactors particularly appealing for countries with limited access to uranium enrichment technology. Furthermore, the efficiency of a heavy-water moderator contributes to the overall safety and effectiveness of the reactor, as it allows for a more stable and manageable nuclear reaction.Historically, heavy-water reactors have played a critical role in various nuclear programs around the world. For instance, Canada’s CANDU (Canadian Deuterium Uranium) reactor design is one of the most notable examples of a reactor utilizing a heavy-water moderator. The CANDU reactor has been praised for its safety features and ability to use natural uranium, making it an attractive option for energy production. Additionally, the use of a heavy-water moderator allows for the recycling of spent fuel, further enhancing the sustainability of nuclear energy.Despite their advantages, the use of heavy-water reactors is not without controversy. The potential for proliferation of nuclear weapons is a critical concern, as the same technology used in heavy-water reactors can also be applied to produce weapons-grade plutonium. This dual-use nature of heavy-water technology has led to increased scrutiny and regulation from international bodies, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).In conclusion, the heavy-water moderator is a vital component in the realm of nuclear energy, enabling efficient and safe nuclear reactions. Its unique properties allow for the effective slowing of neutrons, which is essential for sustaining a controlled chain reaction. While heavy-water reactors offer numerous benefits, including the use of natural uranium and enhanced safety features, they also raise important questions regarding nuclear proliferation and environmental sustainability. As we continue to explore the potential of nuclear energy, understanding the role of the heavy-water moderator will be crucial in shaping the future of energy production and addressing global energy challenges.

在核物理和工程领域，短语重水慢化剂指的是一种特定类型的材料，用于核反应堆中减缓中子的速度。这一过程对于维持受控的核反应至关重要。重水慢化剂的主要功能是提高中子被裂变材料（如铀-235或钚-239）吸收的可能性。与普通水不同，重水由氘组成，氘是一种氢同位素，含有一个质子和一个中子，使其比普通水更密集。这一独特的属性使得重水能够有效地减缓快中子而不捕获它们，这对于在某些类型的反应堆中维持链反应至关重要。使用重水慢化剂相较于其他慢化材料（如石墨或轻水）具有几个优势。其中一个显著的好处是，重水可以用于天然铀反应堆，这不需要铀燃料的浓缩。这一特性使得重水反应堆特别吸引那些对铀浓缩技术获取有限的国家。此外，重水慢化剂的效率有助于反应堆的整体安全性和有效性，因为它允许更稳定和可控的核反应。历史上，重水反应堆在世界各地的各种核计划中扮演了关键角色。例如，加拿大的CANDU（加拿大重水铀）反应堆设计就是一个利用重水慢化剂的最著名的例子。CANDU反应堆因其安全特性和能够使用天然铀而受到赞扬，使其成为能源生产的一个有吸引力的选择。此外，使用重水慢化剂还允许对废燃料进行回收，进一步增强了核能的可持续性。尽管重水反应堆具有众多优点，但其使用并非没有争议。由于重水反应堆中使用的相同技术也可以用于生产武器级钚，因此核武器扩散的潜在风险是一个关键问题。这种重水技术的双重用途特性导致国际机构（如国际原子能机构IAEA）对其进行更多的审查和监管。总之，重水慢化剂是核能领域中的一个重要组成部分，使得高效和安全的核反应成为可能。其独特的性质使得有效减缓中子速度成为可能，这是维持受控链反应所必需的。虽然重水反应堆提供了许多好处，包括使用天然铀和增强的安全特性，但它们也提出了关于核扩散和环境可持续性的重要问题。在我们继续探索核能的潜力时，理解重水慢化剂的作用将对塑造能源生产的未来以及应对全球能源挑战至关重要。