general average

简明释义

共同海损总平均值平均值general average共同海损

英英释义

例句

1.The shipping company explained that the costs incurred during the rescue operation would be distributed according to general average rules.

航运公司解释说，救援行动中产生的费用将根据一般平均责任规则进行分配。

2.The shipowner filed a claim for damages, invoking general average to seek compensation from cargo owners.

船东提出了损害索赔，引用了一般平均责任以向货主寻求赔偿。

3.If you are shipping goods internationally, be aware of general average clauses in your contract that could affect your liability.

如果您正在国际运输货物，请注意合同中的一般平均责任条款，这可能会影响您的责任。

4.When calculating insurance payouts after an accident at sea, insurers often refer to general average to determine how much each party should contribute.

在计算海上事故后的保险赔付时，保险公司通常会参考一般平均责任来确定每一方应贡献多少。

5.In maritime law, if a ship encounters a storm and cargo is jettisoned to save the vessel, the losses may be shared among all parties involved under the principle of general average.

在海事法中，如果一艘船遇到风暴并抛弃货物以拯救船只，损失可能根据一般平均责任的原则由所有相关方共同承担。

作文

In the realm of maritime law, the term general average refers to a principle that allows for the equitable distribution of losses resulting from sacrifices made to save a ship and its cargo during an emergency. This concept is crucial for maintaining fairness among all parties involved in maritime transport. When a vessel encounters peril, such as a storm or fire, the captain may decide to jettison some cargo to prevent the total loss of the ship and the remaining goods. In such cases, the losses incurred by those who have suffered damage are shared proportionately by all parties who benefited from the sacrifice. This ensures that no single party bears the entire burden of the loss, promoting a sense of solidarity among shippers and insurers alike.To illustrate how general average works, consider a scenario where a cargo ship is caught in a violent storm. The captain, faced with the imminent risk of sinking, orders the crew to throw overboard a portion of the cargo. While this action saves the ship and the remaining cargo, it results in a significant loss for the owners of the discarded goods. Under the principle of general average, those owners are entitled to compensation from the other cargo owners and the shipowner, who all share the responsibility for the loss. This principle is codified in various international conventions and is an essential aspect of maritime insurance policies.The application of general average is not limited to just physical losses; it also extends to expenses incurred during the rescue operations. For instance, if a ship requires assistance from a tugboat or salvage operation, the costs associated with these services can also be apportioned among the stakeholders. This holistic approach ensures that all parties contribute fairly to the losses and expenses incurred in a crisis.However, the determination of what constitutes a general average act can sometimes lead to disputes. Factors such as the nature of the emergency, the decisions made by the captain, and the value of the cargo involved can all influence the outcome. Therefore, it is essential for shipowners and cargo owners to have clear agreements and understanding regarding their responsibilities under the general average principle.In conclusion, the concept of general average plays a vital role in maritime law by promoting fairness and cooperation among parties involved in shipping. It ensures that losses are shared equitably, thereby fostering a collaborative environment in the industry. Understanding this principle is crucial for anyone engaged in maritime activities, as it helps navigate the complexities of liability and compensation in the event of unforeseen circumstances at sea. By grasping the implications of general average, stakeholders can better protect their interests and ensure smoother operations in the ever-challenging maritime environment.

在海事法领域，术语general average指的是一种原则，它允许对因紧急情况下为拯救船只及其货物而做出的牺牲所导致的损失进行公平分配。这个概念对于维护所有参与海上运输的各方之间的公平至关重要。当一艘船遇到危险，例如暴风雨或火灾，船长可能会决定抛弃部分货物，以防止船只和剩余货物的全部损失。在这种情况下，遭受损失的各方所产生的损失由所有从牺牲中受益的各方按比例分担。这确保没有单一一方承担全部损失的负担，促进了承运人和保险公司之间的团结感。为了说明general average的运作方式，考虑一个场景，一艘货船被卷入猛烈的风暴。船长面临即将沉没的风险，命令船员抛弃一部分货物。虽然这一行动拯救了船只和剩余的货物，但却导致被抛弃货物的所有者遭受重大损失。根据general average原则，这些所有者有权向其他货物所有者和船东索赔，所有人共同承担损失的责任。该原则已在各种国际公约中得到确认，是海事保险政策的重要组成部分。general average的适用不仅限于物质损失；它还扩展到在救援操作中发生的费用。例如，如果一艘船需要拖船或打捞操作的帮助，那么与这些服务相关的费用也可以在利益相关者之间分摊。这种全面的方法确保所有各方公平地为危机中发生的损失和费用做出贡献。然而，什么构成general average行为的判断有时会引发争议。紧急情况的性质、船长所做的决定以及涉及货物的价值等因素都可能影响结果。因此，对于船东和货物所有者来说，清楚了解他们在general average原则下的责任是至关重要的。总之，general average的概念在海事法中发挥着至关重要的作用，通过促进参与航运的各方之间的公平与合作，确保损失得到公平分享，从而在行业中营造出一种合作的氛围。理解这一原则对于任何参与海事活动的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它有助于在海上不可预见的情况下导航责任和赔偿的复杂性。通过掌握general average的含义，各利益相关者可以更好地保护自己的利益，并确保在不断挑战的海事环境中实现更顺利的运营。