General Average

简明释义

共同海损平均值general average共同海损

英英释义

例句

1.The calculation of General Average (共同海损) can be complex and often requires expert assessment.

计算General Average（共同海损）可能很复杂，通常需要专家评估。

2.The insurance policy included a clause that addressed General Average (共同海损) contributions in case of an accident.

保险政策中包含了一项条款，涉及事故发生时的General Average（共同海损）分摊。

3.All parties must contribute to the General Average (共同海损) based on the value of their respective cargo.

所有各方必须根据各自货物的价值对General Average（共同海损）做出贡献。

4.When the cargo was jettisoned to save the ship, the shipowner declared a General Average (共同海损) situation.

当货物被抛弃以拯救船只时，船东宣布了一个General Average（共同海损）的情况。

5.In maritime law, when a ship faces a peril at sea, the costs incurred to save the ship and cargo may be shared among all parties involved under the principle of General Average (共同海损).

在海事法中，当一艘船在海上遇到危险时，为了拯救船只和货物而产生的费用可以根据General Average（共同海损）的原则由所有相关方共同承担。

作文

In the world of maritime law and shipping, the term General Average plays a critical role in determining how losses are shared among various parties involved in a maritime venture. The concept originates from ancient maritime practices and has evolved into a well-defined legal principle used today. Understanding General Average is essential for ship owners, cargo owners, and insurers alike, as it affects their financial responsibilities during unforeseen events at sea.The principle of General Average arises when a voluntary sacrifice is made to save the ship and its cargo from a peril. For example, if a ship encounters a storm and the captain decides to jettison some cargo to stabilize the vessel, this act can be classified under General Average. In such cases, the loss incurred by the cargo owners whose goods were thrown overboard is not borne solely by them; instead, it is shared proportionally by all stakeholders, including the ship owner and other cargo owners. This equitable distribution of loss ensures that no single party suffers disproportionately due to the emergency measures taken.To invoke General Average, several conditions must be met. Firstly, there must be an imminent danger that threatens the ship and its cargo. Secondly, the sacrifice must be voluntary and aimed at preserving the remaining property. Lastly, the actions taken must be reasonable and necessary under the circumstances. When these criteria are satisfied, the principle of General Average comes into play, enabling a fair allocation of losses.The process of calculating General Average contributions involves meticulous assessments of the value of the sacrificed goods, the remaining cargo, and the vessel itself. A General Average adjuster, often a maritime expert, is appointed to evaluate these factors and determine the contributions owed by each party. This process can be complex and time-consuming, as it requires detailed documentation and accurate valuation of all assets involved.Moreover, General Average has significant implications for insurance coverage. Cargo owners are typically advised to obtain General Average insurance as part of their marine insurance policies. This coverage protects them from unexpected expenses arising from a General Average situation, ensuring they are compensated for their proportional share of the loss. Without such insurance, cargo owners may face substantial financial burdens in the event of a maritime incident.In conclusion, the concept of General Average serves as a fundamental principle in maritime law, promoting fairness and collaboration among parties involved in shipping. By understanding General Average, stakeholders can better navigate the complexities of maritime operations and prepare for potential risks. As global trade continues to expand, the relevance of General Average will remain significant, emphasizing the importance of shared responsibility in the face of adversity at sea.

在海事法和航运的世界中，术语General Average在确定参与海上冒险的各方如何分担损失方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这个概念起源于古代海事实践，并发展成为今天使用的明确定义的法律原则。理解General Average对于船东、货物所有者和保险公司来说都是必不可少的，因为它影响到他们在海上意外事件中的财务责任。General Average的原则出现在为了拯救船只及其货物而作出的自愿牺牲。例如，如果一艘船遇到风暴，船长决定抛弃一些货物以稳定船只，这一行为可以归类为General Average。在这种情况下，被抛弃货物的货主所遭受的损失并不是由他们单独承担，而是由包括船东和其他货主在内的所有利益相关者按比例分担。这种损失的公平分配确保了没有一方因采取紧急措施而遭受不成比例的损失。要启动General Average，必须满足几个条件。首先，必须存在对船只及其货物构成迫在眉睫危险的情况。其次，牺牲必须是自愿的，旨在保护剩余财产。最后，采取的行动必须在当时情况下合理且必要。当这些标准得到满足时，General Average的原则便会生效，从而实现损失的公平分配。计算General Average分摊额的过程涉及对被牺牲货物、剩余货物和船只本身的价值进行细致评估。通常会聘请一名General Average调整员，即海事专家，来评估这些因素并确定每个方应支付的分摊额。这个过程可能复杂且耗时，因为它需要详细的文档和对所有资产的准确估值。此外，General Average对保险覆盖范围有重大影响。货物所有者通常被建议在其海洋保险政策中获得General Average保险。这种保险保护他们免受由于General Average情况而产生的意外费用，确保他们获得损失的比例补偿。如果没有这种保险，货物所有者在发生海事事故时可能面临巨大的财务负担。总之，General Average的概念作为海事法中的基本原则，促进了参与航运各方之间的公平与合作。通过理解General Average，利益相关者可以更好地应对海事运营的复杂性，并为潜在风险做好准备。随着全球贸易的不断扩大，General Average的重要性将持续显著，强调在海上逆境中共同承担责任的重要性。