mastaba

简明释义

英[ˈmæstəbə]美[ˈmæstəbə]

n. 斜纹坟墓；石室坟墓

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.First they built a small mastaba-style tomb on the ground, in the ordinary way.

首先，他们先在地上建一个水方形墓，很普通的样子。

2.First they built a small mastaba-style tomb on the ground, in the ordinary way.

首先，他们先在地上建一个小方形墓，很普通的样子。

3.First they built a small mastaba-style tomb on the ground, in the ordinary way.

首先，他们先在地上建一个小方形墓，很普通的样子。

4.A mastaba typically has a flat roof and sloping sides.

一座墓碑通常有平坦的屋顶和倾斜的侧面。

5.Many royal figures were buried in elaborate mastabas during the early dynastic period.

许多王室人物在早期王朝时期被埋葬在华丽的墓碑中。

6.The ancient Egyptians built a type of tomb known as a mastaba.

古埃及人建造了一种被称为墓碑的坟墓。

7.The design of the mastaba influenced later pyramid constructions.

该墓碑的设计影响了后来的金字塔建筑。

8.Archaeologists discovered several mastabas in the desert near Cairo.

考古学家在开罗附近的沙漠中发现了几座墓碑。

作文

The ancient Egyptian civilization is renowned for its monumental architecture and rich cultural heritage. Among the various structures that symbolize this remarkable era is the mastaba, a type of tomb that predates the more famous pyramids. The word mastaba comes from the Arabic term meaning 'bench,' which aptly describes the rectangular shape and flat roof of these early burial sites. Typically constructed from mudbrick or stone, mastabas served as the final resting places for the elite members of society, including pharaohs and high-ranking officials.The design of a mastaba is quite distinctive. It features a sloping outer wall that leads to a flat top, resembling a bench, which is where it gets its name. The interior of a mastaba usually contains a burial chamber, often adorned with intricate carvings and paintings that depict the deceased's life and their journey to the afterlife. These artworks were not merely decorative; they held significant religious importance, as they were believed to aid the deceased in their transition to the next world.Historically, the mastaba was an essential precursor to the development of the pyramid. As the Egyptians advanced in their architectural techniques, the need for more elaborate tombs grew. This evolution can be seen in the transition from simple mastabas to the grand pyramids that we associate with ancient Egypt today. For instance, the Step Pyramid of Djoser, designed by the architect Imhotep, is considered the first large-scale cut stone construction and is essentially a series of stacked mastabas.The significance of mastabas extends beyond their physical structure; they also reflect the social hierarchy of ancient Egypt. The size and decoration of a mastaba were indicative of the status of the individual buried within. Wealthy families would invest considerable resources into building elaborate mastabas for their loved ones, ensuring that their legacy would endure through the ages.In contemporary times, the study of mastabas provides valuable insights into the funerary practices and beliefs of ancient Egyptians. Archaeologists have uncovered numerous mastabas in the necropolis of Saqqara, revealing artifacts, inscriptions, and mummies that offer a glimpse into the past. These discoveries have enhanced our understanding of ancient Egyptian culture, religion, and their views on death and the afterlife.In conclusion, the mastaba is much more than just an architectural form; it is a testament to the ingenuity and beliefs of ancient Egyptians. The evolution from mastabas to pyramids illustrates the advancements in engineering and the deep cultural significance of burial practices. As we continue to explore and learn from these ancient structures, the mastaba remains a symbol of a civilization that valued life, death, and the journey beyond.Overall, the mastaba is an essential element of ancient Egyptian history, representing both the artistry and the spiritual beliefs of a society that has fascinated historians and archaeologists for centuries.

古埃及文明以其宏伟的建筑和丰富的文化遗产而闻名。在象征这一非凡时代的各种结构中，有一种墓葬类型被称为mastaba，它是比更著名的金字塔更早的坟墓。mastaba这个词源自阿拉伯语，意为“长凳”，这恰当地描述了这些早期埋葬地点的矩形形状和平坦的屋顶。通常由泥砖或石头建造，mastabas作为社会精英的最终安息之地，包括法老和高官。mastaba的设计非常独特。它具有向外倾斜的外墙，顶部平坦，类似于长凳，这就是它得名的原因。mastaba的内部通常包含一个埋葬室，常常装饰有精美的雕刻和绘画，描绘了死者的生活及其通往来世的旅程。这些艺术作品不仅仅是装饰；它们具有重要的宗教意义，因为人们相信它们可以帮助死者顺利过渡到下一个世界。历史上，mastaba是金字塔发展的重要前身。随着埃及人在建筑技术上的进步，对更精致坟墓的需求不断增长。这种演变可以从简单的mastabas到我们今天所熟知的宏伟金字塔中看到。例如，乔斯尔的阶梯金字塔，由建筑师伊姆霍特普设计，被认为是第一座大型切石建筑，实际上是一系列堆叠的mastabas。mastabas的重要性超出了其物理结构；它们还反映了古埃及的社会等级。mastaba的大小和装饰代表了埋葬在其中个体的地位。富裕家庭会为他们的亲人建造华丽的mastabas，以确保他们的遗产能够延续。在当代，mastabas的研究为我们提供了关于古埃及人殡葬习俗和信仰的宝贵见解。考古学家在萨卡拉的墓地中发现了许多mastabas，揭示了文物、铭文和木乃伊，提供了对过去的洞察。这些发现增强了我们对古埃及文化、宗教以及他们对死亡和来世的看法的理解。总之，mastaba不仅仅是一种建筑形式；它是古埃及人智慧和信仰的证明。从mastabas到金字塔的演变展示了工程技术的进步和埋葬习俗的深刻文化意义。当我们继续探索和学习这些古老结构时，mastaba仍然是一个文明的象征，这个文明重视生命、死亡和超越之旅。总体而言，mastaba是古埃及历史的重要元素，代表了一个社会的艺术性和精神信仰，这个社会几个世纪以来一直吸引着历史学家和考古学家的兴趣。