monoclonal

简明释义

英[ˌmɒnəʊˈkləʊnəl]美[ˌmɑːnoʊˈkloʊnəl]

adj. 单克隆的；单细胞繁殖的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The current methods used for making monoclonal antibodies take a long time.

当前制备单克隆抗体需要较长的时间。

2.The monoclonal antibody of AFP could reverse AFP's action.

抗afp的单克隆抗体也能阻断afp的作用。

3.Immunoelectrophroesis characterizes the type of monoclonal immunoglobulin being produced.

免疫电泳能有效区分产生的单克隆免疫球蛋白的类型。

4.Objective To explore the anomalous results of ABO blood grouping by monoclonal reagents.

目的探讨单克隆试剂导致ABO血型鉴定的异常结果。

5.Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a GST fusion protein.

单克隆抗体通过合成GST融合蛋白免疫动物制备。

6.Identical antibodies called monoclonal antibodies can be generated in large amounts against a therapeutic or diagnostic target.

单克隆抗体可以在治疗或诊断用靶子引导下大量产生。

7.The specificity of the assay can be improved by using monoclonal antibody as enzyme-linked antibody.

用单克隆抗体作为酶结合物抗体可以提高实验方法的特异性。

8.Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the amino terminus of LC3B.

该单克隆抗体是用合成的LC3B氨基末端附近的残基相对应的肽段免疫动物制备。

9.Monoclonal antibodies are special immune proteins made in the lab.

单克隆抗体是在实验室制成的特殊免疫蛋白。

10.In clinical trials, the monoclonal 单克隆 antibody showed promising results against the virus.

在临床试验中，该单克隆抗体对病毒显示出良好的效果。

11.Researchers are developing monoclonal 单克隆 antibodies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

研究人员正在开发单克隆抗体用于自身免疫性疾病的治疗。

12.The production of monoclonal 单克隆 antibodies involves creating identical immune cells.

生产单克隆抗体涉及创建相同的免疫细胞。

13.The doctor prescribed a treatment using monoclonal 单克隆 antibodies to target the specific cancer cells.

医生开了一种使用单克隆抗体的治疗，以针对特定的癌细胞。

14.The monoclonal 单克隆 antibody test can help diagnose infections more accurately.

该单克隆抗体测试可以更准确地帮助诊断感染。

作文

In recent years, the field of medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements, particularly in the area of immunotherapy. One of the most notable innovations in this domain is the development of monoclonal antibodies. These antibodies are engineered to target specific antigens found on the surface of cells, making them a powerful tool in the treatment of various diseases, including cancers and autoimmune disorders. The term monoclonal refers to antibodies that are derived from a single clone of immune cells, which means they are identical in structure and function. This homogeneity allows for precise targeting of disease markers, leading to more effective treatments with potentially fewer side effects compared to traditional therapies.The history of monoclonal antibodies dates back to the 1970s when scientists César Milstein and Georges Köhler developed a technique to produce these antibodies in the laboratory. Their groundbreaking work earned them the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984. Since then, the use of monoclonal antibodies has expanded dramatically. Today, there are numerous monoclonal antibody therapies approved for clinical use, revolutionizing the way we approach treatment for various conditions.One of the key advantages of monoclonal antibodies is their specificity. Unlike conventional therapies that may affect both healthy and diseased cells, monoclonal antibodies can be designed to bind only to specific targets. For instance, in cancer treatment, certain monoclonal antibodies can recognize and attach to proteins that are overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells. This targeted approach not only enhances the efficacy of the treatment but also minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues.Moreover, monoclonal antibodies can be used in combination with other therapies, such as chemotherapy or radiation, to improve overall treatment outcomes. By harnessing the immune system's natural ability to fight off diseases, monoclonal antibodies can enhance the body's own defenses against tumors or infections. This synergistic effect is particularly beneficial in treating complex diseases where multiple pathways contribute to disease progression.However, the production of monoclonal antibodies is not without challenges. The process requires sophisticated technology and significant investment, making these therapies relatively expensive. Additionally, some patients may develop resistance to monoclonal antibody treatments over time, necessitating ongoing research to develop next-generation therapies that can overcome these hurdles.Despite these challenges, the future of monoclonal antibodies looks promising. Researchers are continually exploring new ways to enhance their effectiveness, including engineering bispecific antibodies that can target two different antigens simultaneously or developing antibody-drug conjugates that deliver cytotoxic agents directly to cancer cells. As our understanding of the immune system and disease mechanisms deepens, the potential applications of monoclonal antibodies are likely to expand even further.In conclusion, monoclonal antibodies represent a significant advancement in medical science, offering targeted and effective treatment options for a variety of diseases. Their ability to precisely identify and attack specific cells has transformed the landscape of therapy, especially in oncology. As research continues to evolve, it is essential for healthcare professionals and patients alike to stay informed about the developments in monoclonal antibody therapies, as they hold the promise of improving patient outcomes and advancing the field of medicine.

近年来，医学领域见证了显著的进步，特别是在免疫治疗方面。其中最显著的创新之一就是单克隆抗体的开发。这些抗体被设计用于靶向细胞表面特定抗原，使其成为治疗各种疾病（包括癌症和自身免疫性疾病）的强大工具。术语monoclonal指的是源自单一克隆免疫细胞的抗体，这意味着它们在结构和功能上是相同的。这种同质性允许对疾病标记进行精确靶向，从而导致更有效的治疗，并可能比传统疗法产生更少的副作用。monoclonal抗体的历史可以追溯到1970年代，当时科学家塞萨尔·米尔斯坦和乔治·科赫勒开发了一种在实验室中生产这些抗体的技术。他们的开创性工作为他们赢得了1984年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。从那时起，monoclonal抗体的使用迅速扩大。如今，许多monoclonal抗体疗法已获得临床使用批准，彻底改变了我们对各种疾病的治疗方法。monoclonal抗体的一个关键优势是它们的特异性。与可能影响健康和患病细胞的常规疗法不同，monoclonal抗体可以被设计为仅与特定靶标结合。例如，在癌症治疗中，某些monoclonal抗体可以识别并附着在癌细胞表面过表达的蛋白质上。这种靶向方法不仅增强了治疗的有效性，还最大限度地减少了对周围健康组织的损害。此外，monoclonal抗体可以与其他疗法，如化疗或放疗联合使用，以改善整体治疗结果。通过利用免疫系统自然对抗疾病的能力，monoclonal抗体可以增强身体自身对肿瘤或感染的防御。这种协同效应在治疗多种途径共同促进疾病进展的复杂疾病时尤为有益。然而，生产monoclonal抗体并非没有挑战。该过程需要复杂的技术和大量投资，使这些疗法相对昂贵。此外，一些患者可能会随着时间的推移对monoclonal抗体治疗产生耐药性，因此需要持续研究以开发能够克服这些障碍的下一代疗法。尽管面临这些挑战，monoclonal抗体的未来看起来是充满希望的。研究人员不断探索增强其有效性的新的方法，包括工程双特异性抗体，可以同时靶向两个不同的抗原，或开发抗体药物偶联物，直接将细胞毒性药物递送到癌细胞。随着我们对免疫系统和疾病机制的理解加深，monoclonal抗体的潜在应用可能会进一步扩展。总之，monoclonal抗体代表了医学科学的重要进步，为各种疾病提供了靶向和有效的治疗选择。它们精确识别和攻击特定细胞的能力改变了治疗的格局，尤其是在肿瘤学领域。随着研究的不断发展，医疗专业人员和患者都应保持对monoclonal抗体疗法发展的关注，因为它们承诺改善患者的结果并推进医学领域的发展。