elasticity of demand

简明释义

需求弹性

英英释义

例句

1.When prices rise, the elasticity of demand 需求的弹性 for gasoline may decrease as consumers have fewer alternatives.

当价格上涨时，汽油的需求的弹性可能会降低，因为消费者的选择较少。

2.Understanding the elasticity of demand 需求的弹性 helps businesses set optimal pricing strategies.

理解需求的弹性有助于企业制定最佳定价策略。

3.The elasticity of demand 需求的弹性 for luxury goods is usually higher than for basic necessities.

奢侈品的需求的弹性通常高于基本必需品。

4.The elasticity of demand 需求的弹性 for essential medications is typically low, as they are necessary regardless of price.

基本药物的需求的弹性通常较低，因为无论价格如何，它们都是必需的。

5.Products with a high elasticity of demand 需求的弹性 will see significant changes in sales when prices fluctuate.

具有高需求的弹性的产品在价格波动时销售量会发生显著变化。

作文

Understanding the concept of elasticity of demand is crucial for anyone interested in economics, marketing, or business strategy. The term refers to how sensitive the quantity demanded of a good or service is to changes in its price. In simpler terms, it measures how much the demand for a product will increase or decrease when its price changes. This concept is essential for businesses as it helps them make informed decisions regarding pricing strategies and inventory management.There are two main types of elasticity of demand: elastic and inelastic. When demand is elastic, it means that consumers are highly responsive to price changes. For example, if the price of a luxury item, like designer shoes, drops significantly, many consumers may rush to buy them, leading to a large increase in quantity demanded. Conversely, if the price rises, consumers may decide to forgo the purchase altogether, resulting in a significant drop in demand.On the other hand, inelastic demand indicates that consumers are less sensitive to price changes. Essential goods, such as basic food items or medications, often fall into this category. For instance, if the price of bread increases, people will still need to buy it because it is a staple in their diet. Therefore, the quantity demanded will not change significantly, demonstrating inelasticity.The degree of elasticity of demand can be influenced by several factors. One critical factor is the availability of substitutes. If there are many alternatives available for a product, consumers can easily switch to another brand or item if the price increases. For example, if the price of Coca-Cola rises, many consumers might opt for Pepsi instead. This substitution effect makes the demand for Coca-Cola more elastic.Another factor affecting elasticity of demand is the proportion of income spent on a good. Goods that take up a larger share of a consumer's budget tend to have more elastic demand. For instance, if the price of a car increases, consumers may delay their purchase or choose a less expensive model. In contrast, if the price of a pack of gum increases, most consumers will likely continue to buy it regardless of the price change, as it represents a small portion of their budget.Understanding elasticity of demand is not only important for businesses but also for policymakers. Governments often use this concept when considering tax policies. For example, taxing goods with inelastic demand, like tobacco or fuel, can generate significant revenue without drastically reducing consumption. However, taxing goods with elastic demand could lead to a sharp decline in sales, negatively impacting businesses and the economy.In conclusion, the elasticity of demand is a fundamental economic principle that provides valuable insights into consumer behavior and market dynamics. By understanding how demand reacts to price changes, businesses can develop effective pricing strategies, and policymakers can make informed decisions that consider the potential impact on consumers and the economy. Mastering this concept can lead to better decision-making and enhanced strategic planning in various fields.

理解需求的弹性这一概念对任何对经济学、市场营销或商业战略感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的。该术语指的是商品或服务的需求量对价格变化的敏感程度。简单来说，它衡量的是当价格变化时，产品的需求量会增加或减少多少。这个概念对企业至关重要，因为它帮助他们在定价策略和库存管理方面做出明智的决策。需求的弹性主要有两种类型：弹性和非弹性。当需求是弹性时，意味着消费者对价格变化高度敏感。例如，如果奢侈品的价格，例如设计师鞋子，显著下降，许多消费者可能会急于购买，从而导致需求量大幅增加。相反，如果价格上涨，消费者可能会决定放弃购买，从而导致需求显著下降。另一方面，非弹性需求表示消费者对价格变化的敏感度较低。基本商品，如基本食品或药品，通常属于这一类别。例如，如果面包的价格上涨，人们仍然需要购买，因为它是他们饮食中的主食。因此，需求量不会发生显著变化，显示出非弹性。影响需求的弹性的一个关键因素是替代品的可用性。如果某个产品有许多替代品可供选择，消费者可以轻松地在价格上涨时转向其他品牌或商品。例如，如果可口可乐的价格上涨，许多消费者可能会选择百事可乐。这种替代效应使可口可乐的需求更具弹性。另一个影响需求的弹性的因素是消费在某一商品上的收入比例。占消费者预算较大份额的商品往往具有更高的弹性。例如，如果汽车的价格上涨，消费者可能会推迟购买或选择价格更便宜的车型。相比之下，如果一包口香糖的价格上涨，大多数消费者可能仍会继续购买，因为这在他们的预算中所占的比例很小。理解需求的弹性不仅对企业重要，对政策制定者也是如此。政府在考虑税收政策时通常使用这一概念。例如，对非弹性需求商品（如烟草或燃料）征税，可以在不显著减少消费的情况下产生可观的收入。然而，对弹性需求商品征税可能导致销售急剧下降，给企业和经济带来负面影响。总之，需求的弹性是一个基本的经济原则，为消费者行为和市场动态提供了宝贵的见解。通过了解需求如何对价格变化作出反应，企业可以制定有效的定价策略，政策制定者可以做出考虑到消费者和经济潜在影响的明智决策。掌握这一概念可以在各个领域带来更好的决策和增强的战略规划。