dielectric breakdown

简明释义

介质击穿

英英释义

例句

1.The phenomenon of dielectric breakdown occurs when the electric field exceeds a certain threshold.

介质击穿现象发生在电场超过某个阈值时。

2.In high-voltage applications, dielectric breakdown can lead to catastrophic failures.

在高压应用中，介质击穿可能导致灾难性的故障。

3.Testing materials for dielectric breakdown is crucial in ensuring safety and reliability.

测试材料的介质击穿性能对于确保安全和可靠性至关重要。

4.The insulation in the cable failed due to dielectric breakdown, causing a short circuit.

由于介质击穿，电缆的绝缘层失效，导致短路。

5.Engineers must consider dielectric breakdown when designing capacitors for power systems.

工程师在为电力系统设计电容器时，必须考虑介质击穿。

作文

Dielectric materials are insulators that can be polarized by an electric field. When a sufficiently high voltage is applied across a dielectric, it can lead to a phenomenon known as dielectric breakdown. This occurs when the electric field strength exceeds the material's ability to insulate, resulting in a sudden increase in electrical conductivity. Essentially, the dielectric material begins to conduct electricity, which can lead to catastrophic failures in electrical systems. Understanding dielectric breakdown is crucial for engineers and scientists working with high-voltage applications. The process of dielectric breakdown can be explained through several stages. Initially, when a voltage is applied, the dielectric material remains stable and insulating. However, as the voltage increases, the electric field within the material becomes stronger, causing the electrons in the material to become excited. If the electric field continues to rise, these electrons may gain enough energy to escape their atomic bonds. This ionization process creates free charge carriers, which can then lead to a chain reaction of further ionization. As more and more electrons are freed, the material transitions from an insulating state to a conductive state, marking the onset of dielectric breakdown. The implications of dielectric breakdown are significant in various fields, particularly in electrical engineering and materials science. For instance, in capacitors, which are designed to store electrical energy, dielectric breakdown can result in the failure of the component, leading to short circuits or explosions. Engineers must carefully select dielectric materials that can withstand the expected voltage levels to prevent such occurrences. Moreover, dielectric breakdown is not limited to solid dielectrics; it can also occur in gases and liquids. In gases, for example, when the electric field strength exceeds a critical threshold, the gas becomes ionized, leading to phenomena such as lightning. This is why understanding the conditions that lead to dielectric breakdown is essential for designing safe electrical systems. In summary, dielectric breakdown is a critical concept in the study of electrical materials and systems. It highlights the delicate balance between insulation and conductivity and underscores the importance of selecting appropriate materials for high-voltage applications. By comprehending the mechanisms behind dielectric breakdown, engineers can design safer and more reliable electrical components, ultimately contributing to advancements in technology and safety in electrical engineering. As we continue to push the limits of electrical systems, a thorough understanding of dielectric breakdown will remain vital for innovation and safety in the field.

介电材料是能够在电场中极化的绝缘体。当施加在介电材料上的电压足够高时，可能会导致一种现象，称为介电击穿。当电场强度超过材料的绝缘能力时，就会发生这种现象，导致电导率突然增加。本质上，介电材料开始导电，这可能导致电气系统的灾难性故障。理解介电击穿对从事高电压应用的工程师和科学家至关重要。介电击穿的过程可以通过几个阶段来解释。最初，当施加电压时，介电材料保持稳定并具有绝缘性。然而，随着电压的增加，材料内部的电场变得更强，导致材料中的电子被激发。如果电场继续上升，这些电子可能会获得足够的能量以逃脱其原子键。这一电离过程产生自由电荷载流子，从而可能导致进一步电离的连锁反应。随着越来越多的电子被释放，材料从绝缘状态转变为导电状态，标志着介电击穿的开始。介电击穿的影响在电气工程和材料科学等多个领域具有重要意义。例如，在电容器中，电容器设计用于存储电能，而介电击穿可能导致组件的故障，进而导致短路或爆炸。工程师必须仔细选择能够承受预期电压水平的介电材料，以防止此类事件的发生。此外，介电击穿不仅限于固体介电材料；它也可以发生在气体和液体中。例如，在气体中，当电场强度超过临界阈值时，气体会被电离，导致闪电等现象。这就是为什么了解导致介电击穿的条件对于设计安全电气系统至关重要。总之，介电击穿是在研究电气材料和系统时的一个关键概念。它突显了绝缘性和导电性之间的微妙平衡，并强调了为高电压应用选择合适材料的重要性。通过理解介电击穿背后的机制，工程师可以设计出更安全、更可靠的电气组件，最终为电气工程技术和安全的进步做出贡献。随着我们不断推动电气系统的极限，对介电击穿的深入理解将在该领域的创新和安全中保持至关重要。