critical temperature

简明释义

临界温度

英英释义

例句

1.In superconductors, the critical temperature is the temperature below which they exhibit zero electrical resistance.

在超导体中，临界温度是指它们表现出零电阻的温度。

2.The critical temperature for this chemical reaction is essential for determining the reaction rate.

这个化学反应的临界温度对于确定反应速率至关重要。

3.The phase transition of water from liquid to gas occurs at its critical temperature.

水从液态转变为气态发生在它的临界温度。

4.Engineers must consider the critical temperature of materials when designing systems that operate under high heat.

工程师在设计高温运行的系统时必须考虑材料的临界温度。

5.When the critical temperature of a gas is reached, it can no longer be liquefied by pressure alone.

当气体达到临界温度时，仅靠压力无法使其液化。

作文

The concept of critical temperature is fundamental in the study of thermodynamics and phase transitions. It refers to the highest temperature at which a substance can exist as a liquid, regardless of the pressure applied. Above this temperature, the substance will only exist in a gaseous state. Understanding critical temperature is crucial for various scientific fields, including chemistry, physics, and engineering.In the realm of chemistry, the critical temperature plays a significant role in determining the behavior of substances during phase changes. For instance, water has a critical temperature of 374 degrees Celsius. Above this temperature, water cannot remain in a liquid state, no matter how much pressure is applied. This phenomenon is essential in processes like steam generation, where understanding the limits of water’s phase behavior can lead to more efficient energy production.In physics, the critical temperature is vital in the study of superconductors. Superconductivity is a state where materials exhibit zero electrical resistance, and this state is only achievable below a specific critical temperature. For example, certain materials become superconductors at temperatures close to absolute zero, while others may require higher temperatures. This understanding has led to advancements in technology, such as the development of powerful magnets used in MRI machines and particle accelerators.In engineering, knowledge of critical temperature is essential for designing systems that involve heat transfer and phase changes. For example, in refrigeration systems, engineers must consider the critical temperature of refrigerants to ensure optimal performance. If a refrigerant is used above its critical temperature, it will not condense properly, leading to inefficiencies and potential system failures.Moreover, the critical temperature concept extends beyond simple physical substances. In biology, certain organisms have adapted to thrive at specific critical temperatures. For instance, some extremophiles can survive in environments with extreme temperatures, pushing the boundaries of what is considered habitable. Understanding these organisms' adaptations can provide insight into the limits of life on Earth and potentially other planets.Furthermore, climate science also incorporates the idea of critical temperature. As global temperatures rise due to climate change, scientists are studying the critical temperature thresholds that could trigger irreversible changes in ecosystems. For example, coral reefs are highly sensitive to temperature increases, and exceeding a certain critical temperature can lead to widespread bleaching, ultimately threatening marine biodiversity.In conclusion, the term critical temperature encompasses a wide range of applications across different scientific disciplines. From understanding phase transitions in chemistry to exploring the limits of superconductivity in physics, and even examining biological adaptations, the implications of critical temperature are profound. As we continue to advance our knowledge in these fields, recognizing and applying the concept of critical temperature will be crucial in addressing both technological challenges and environmental issues.

“临界温度”这一概念在热力学和相变研究中是至关重要的。它指的是物质能够存在为液体的最高温度，无论施加的压力如何。在这个温度之上，物质只会以气体状态存在。理解“临界温度”对化学、物理和工程等多个科学领域至关重要。在化学领域，“临界温度”在确定物质在相变过程中的行为方面起着重要作用。例如，水的“临界温度”为374摄氏度。在这个温度以上，水无法保持液体状态，无论施加多少压力。这种现象在蒸汽生成等过程中至关重要，理解水的相行为极限可以提高能源生产的效率。在物理学中，“临界温度”在超导体的研究中至关重要。超导性是一种材料表现出零电阻的状态，而这种状态只能在特定的“临界温度”以下实现。例如，某些材料在接近绝对零度的温度下成为超导体，而其他材料可能需要更高的温度。对这一点的理解推动了技术的进步，例如开发用于MRI机器和粒子加速器的强大磁体。在工程学中，了解“临界温度”对于设计涉及热传递和相变的系统至关重要。例如，在制冷系统中，工程师必须考虑制冷剂的“临界温度”，以确保最佳性能。如果制冷剂在其“临界温度”之上使用，它将无法正确凝结，从而导致效率低下和潜在的系统故障。此外，“临界温度”概念不仅限于简单的物理物质。在生物学中，某些生物体已适应在特定的“临界温度”下生存。例如，一些极端微生物可以在极端温度的环境中生存，突破了可生存的边界。理解这些生物体的适应能力可以提供有关地球及其他星球生命极限的见解。此外，气候科学也包含了“临界温度”的概念。随着全球温度因气候变化而上升，科学家们正在研究可能引发生态系统不可逆变化的“临界温度”阈值。例如，珊瑚礁对温度升高非常敏感，超过某一“临界温度”可能导致广泛的白化，最终威胁到海洋生物多样性。总之，“临界温度”这一术语涵盖了不同科学学科中的广泛应用。从理解化学中的相变到探索物理学中超导性的极限，再到考察生物适应性，“临界温度”的影响深远。随着我们在这些领域不断推进知识，认识并应用“临界温度”这一概念将对解决技术挑战和环境问题至关重要。