bound electron

简明释义

束缚电子

英英释义

例句

1.The stability of an atom largely depends on the arrangement of its bound electrons.

原子的稳定性在很大程度上取决于其束缚电子的排列。

2.In a hydrogen atom, the single electron is a bound electron that is held by the nucleus's positive charge.

在氢原子中，单个电子是一个束缚电子，被原子核的正电荷所吸引。

3.The concept of a bound electron is essential for understanding chemical bonding.

理解化学键合时，束缚电子的概念至关重要。

4.In semiconductors, bound electrons play a crucial role in electrical conductivity.

在半导体中，束缚电子在电导率中起着关键作用。

5.When an atom absorbs energy, a bound electron can be excited to a higher energy level.

当原子吸收能量时，束缚电子可以被激发到更高的能级。

作文

In the realm of atomic physics, the concept of a bound electron plays a crucial role in our understanding of how atoms interact and bond with one another. A bound electron is an electron that is attached to an atom, held in place by the attractive forces of the positively charged nucleus. This binding occurs due to the balance between the attractive Coulomb force exerted by the nucleus and the repulsive forces among electrons themselves. The energy levels associated with bound electrons are quantized, meaning that these electrons can only occupy specific energy states. This characteristic is fundamental to the behavior of atoms and molecules.When we consider the structure of an atom, we find that bound electrons are located in orbitals around the nucleus. These orbitals define the regions in which the probability of finding an electron is high. The arrangement of bound electrons in different orbitals determines the chemical properties of an element. For instance, elements with similar configurations of bound electrons often exhibit similar chemical behaviors, leading to the classification of elements into groups within the periodic table.The significance of bound electrons extends beyond mere atomic structure; they are also key players in chemical bonding. When atoms come together to form molecules, it is often the bound electrons that are shared or transferred between them. In covalent bonds, for example, two atoms share their bound electrons to achieve greater stability. This sharing allows both atoms to attain a full outer shell of electrons, which is energetically favorable.On the other hand, in ionic bonding, one atom donates its bound electron to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions. The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions creates a strong bond that is essential for the formation of ionic compounds. Thus, the behavior of bound electrons directly influences the types of bonds formed and, consequently, the properties of the resulting substances.Moreover, the study of bound electrons is vital in the field of quantum mechanics. The principles of quantum theory explain how bound electrons exist in discrete energy levels and how they can transition between these levels by absorbing or emitting energy. This phenomenon is observed in various applications, such as lasers and semiconductors, where the manipulation of bound electrons enables the creation of advanced technologies.In conclusion, the concept of a bound electron is fundamental to the fields of chemistry and physics. Understanding how these electrons are bound to atoms, how they contribute to chemical bonding, and how they behave under different conditions allows scientists to explore the intricacies of matter at the atomic level. As research continues to advance, the knowledge gained from studying bound electrons will undoubtedly lead to new discoveries and innovations in science and technology.

在原子物理学领域，束缚电子的概念在我们理解原子如何相互作用和结合方面起着至关重要的作用。束缚电子是指附着在原子上的电子，由带正电的原子核的吸引力所固定。由于核所施加的库仑吸引力与电子之间的排斥力之间的平衡，这种结合得以发生。与束缚电子相关的能量水平是量子化的，这意味着这些电子只能占据特定的能量状态。这一特性是原子和分子行为的基础。当我们考虑原子的结构时，我们发现束缚电子位于围绕核的轨道中。这些轨道定义了找到电子的概率较高的区域。束缚电子在不同轨道中的排列决定了元素的化学性质。例如，具有相似束缚电子配置的元素往往表现出相似的化学行为，从而导致元素在周期表中被分类为不同的组。束缚电子的重要性不仅仅局限于原子结构；它们也是化学键合中的关键角色。当原子结合形成分子时，通常是束缚电子在它们之间共享或转移。在共价键中，例如，两个原子共享它们的束缚电子以实现更大的稳定性。这种共享使两个原子都能获得完整的外层电子，从而具有更好的能量稳定性。另一方面，在离子键合中，一个原子将其束缚电子捐赠给另一个原子，从而形成带电的离子。这些相反电荷离子之间的静电吸引力形成了一种强键，这对于离子化合物的形成是必不可少的。因此，束缚电子的行为直接影响所形成的键的类型，从而影响生成物质的性质。此外，研究束缚电子在量子力学领域至关重要。量子理论的原则解释了束缚电子如何存在于离散的能量水平中，以及它们如何通过吸收或释放能量在这些水平之间过渡。这一现象在激光器和半导体等各种应用中得到了体现，其中对束缚电子的操控使得先进技术的创造成为可能。总之，束缚电子的概念是化学和物理学领域的基础。理解这些电子如何与原子结合，它们如何参与化学键合，以及它们在不同条件下的行为，使科学家能够探索原子层面物质的复杂性。随着研究的不断推进，从研究束缚电子中获得的知识无疑会导致科学和技术的新发现和创新。