bearing capacity

简明释义

承载能力

英英释义

例句

1.The bearing capacity of the ground was insufficient for the heavy machinery.

地面的承载能力不足以支撑重型机械。

2.The engineer conducted tests to determine the soil's bearing capacity.

工程师进行了测试以确定土壤的承载能力。

3.Improper assessment of the bearing capacity can lead to structural failure.

对承载能力的不当评估可能导致结构失败。

4.A building's foundation must be designed according to its bearing capacity.

建筑物的基础必须根据其承载能力进行设计。

5.They used a geotechnical report to understand the bearing capacity of the site.

他们使用了岩土工程报告来了解该地点的承载能力。

作文

The concept of bearing capacity is fundamental in the fields of civil engineering and geotechnical engineering. It refers to the maximum load that a soil or foundation can support without experiencing failure or excessive settlement. Understanding the bearing capacity of soil is crucial for the design and construction of buildings, bridges, and other structures. When engineers assess a site for construction, they conduct various tests to determine the soil's properties and its ability to bear loads. This assessment includes evaluating factors such as soil type, moisture content, and compaction levels.For instance, clay soils have different bearing capacities compared to sandy soils. Clay tends to retain water, which can weaken its structure and reduce its load-bearing capabilities. Conversely, sandy soils often provide better drainage and can support higher loads but may also be prone to shifting under certain conditions. Therefore, engineers must consider the specific characteristics of the soil at a construction site to ensure safety and stability.In addition to the type of soil, the depth at which the foundation is placed also affects the bearing capacity. Shallow foundations are typically used for lighter structures, while deeper foundations are necessary for heavier buildings or those located on less stable ground. The deeper the foundation, the more likely it is to reach layers of soil with higher bearing capacities. This is why thorough soil investigations are essential before any construction begins.Moreover, the bearing capacity can change over time due to environmental factors. For example, heavy rainfall can saturate the soil, leading to reduced strength and stability. Similarly, seismic activity can alter the load-bearing characteristics of the ground. Engineers must take these potential changes into account when designing structures, incorporating safety factors to accommodate unexpected shifts in the bearing capacity.In summary, the bearing capacity of soil plays a vital role in construction and engineering projects. It is essential for ensuring that structures can safely support their intended loads without risk of failure. By conducting thorough site assessments and considering various factors that influence soil strength, engineers can design safe and durable foundations. Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of bearing capacity not only protects the integrity of buildings but also safeguards the lives of those who use them.

‘承载力’这个概念在土木工程和岩土工程领域中是基础性的。它指的是土壤或基础能够支持的最大负荷，而不会经历失效或过度沉降。理解土壤的‘承载力’对于建筑、桥梁和其他结构的设计与施工至关重要。当工程师评估一个施工场地时，他们会进行各种测试以确定土壤的特性及其承载负荷的能力。这种评估包括评估土壤类型、含水量和压实程度等因素。例如，粘土土壤与沙土的‘承载力’不同。粘土往往会保留水分，这可能削弱其结构并降低其承载能力。相反，沙土通常提供更好的排水能力，可以支持更高的负荷，但在某些情况下也可能容易发生位移。因此，工程师必须考虑施工场地土壤的具体特征，以确保安全和稳定。除了土壤类型外，基础埋置的深度也会影响‘承载力’。浅基础通常用于较轻的结构，而较重的建筑物或位于不太稳定的地面上的建筑物则需要更深的基础。基础越深，越有可能达到具有更高‘承载力’的土层。这就是为什么在任何施工开始之前，彻底的土壤调查是必不可少的原因。此外，由于环境因素，‘承载力’可能随时间变化。例如，大量降雨可能使土壤饱和，从而导致强度和稳定性降低。同样，地震活动也可能改变地面的承载特性。工程师在设计结构时必须考虑这些潜在变化，结合安全系数来应对‘承载力’的意外变化。总之，土壤的‘承载力’在建筑和工程项目中发挥着至关重要的作用。它对于确保结构能够安全地支撑其预期负荷而不发生失效风险至关重要。通过进行全面的现场评估并考虑影响土壤强度的各种因素，工程师可以设计出安全耐用的基础。最终，对‘承载力’的全面理解不仅保护了建筑的完整性，还保障了使用者的生命安全。