lahar

简明释义

英[ˈlɑːhɑː]美[ˈlɑhɑr]

n. [地质] 火山泥流（爪哇语）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Another lahar in 1953 caused New Zealand's worst rail disaster, killing 151 people.

另一个造成火山泥1953新西兰最大的铁路灾难，造成151人。

2.Thousands of hectares of snake fruit plantations in Yogyakarta may turn arid after six irrigation dams were damaged by lahar following recent volcanic eruptions on Mount Merapi.

近期默拉皮火山喷发造成六个灌溉大坝被火山泥流冲毁，印尼日惹特区的成千上万公顷的蛇果种植园面临干旱灾害。

3.Thousands of hectares of snake fruit plantations in Yogyakarta may turn arid after six irrigation dams were damaged by lahar following recent volcanic eruptions on Mount Merapi.

近期默拉皮火山喷发造成六个灌溉大坝被火山泥流冲毁，印尼日惹特区的成千上万公顷的蛇果种植园面临干旱灾害。

4.The problem is also compounded by the still present threat of lahar. If the dams are repaired, they could be hit by fresh lahar, he added.

现在火山泥流灾害仍是一个非常复杂的问题，如果大坝得以修复，它们还会被下一次的火山泥流破坏。

5.The dried, hardened remains of the lahar persist today, a streak of barren rock on a landscape that is otherwise richly vegetated.

干硬后的泥流残余维持至今，在植被茂密的该区形成一处贫瘠的岩石条纹状地貌。

6.During heavy rains, the risk of a lahar increases significantly in volcanic regions.

在火山地区，暴雨期间发生拉哈尔的风险显著增加。

7.Geologists warned that the lahar from the nearby volcano could reach the river in just a few hours.

地质学家警告说，附近火山的拉哈尔可能在几个小时内抵达河流。

8.The village was devastated by a sudden lahar, a volcanic mudflow that swept away homes and roads.

这个村庄被突如其来的拉哈尔（火山泥流）摧毁，房屋和道路被冲走。

9.Emergency services were on high alert for potential lahars following the eruption.

在火山喷发后，紧急服务部门对潜在的拉哈尔保持高度警惕。

10.The lahar flowed down the mountain, carrying debris and rocks with it.

这条拉哈尔沿着山坡流下，带走了碎片和岩石。

作文

The term lahar refers to a volcanic mudflow or debris flow that occurs when volcanic ash and debris mix with water, often from rainfall or melting snow. This natural phenomenon can be incredibly destructive, as it travels down the slopes of a volcano at high speeds, carrying with it a mixture of water, volcanic material, and other debris. Understanding lahar is crucial for communities living near active volcanoes, as these flows can pose significant risks to life and property. In many regions around the world, particularly in areas like Indonesia, the Philippines, and parts of Central America, lahar events are a common occurrence following volcanic eruptions. The ash produced during an eruption can create a layer of loose material on the slopes of a volcano. When heavy rains occur, this ash can become saturated with water, leading to the formation of a lahar. The speed and volume of these flows can vary greatly, but they often travel much faster than a person can run, making them extremely dangerous. One of the most notorious examples of a lahar occurred in 1985 in Armero, Colombia, when the Nevado del Ruiz volcano erupted. The eruption melted the snow and ice on the mountain, resulting in a massive lahar that swept down into the town of Armero. Tragically, this event led to the deaths of over 23,000 people and destroyed much of the town. This disaster highlights the importance of monitoring volcanic activity and understanding the risks associated with lahar flows.To mitigate the risks posed by lahar flows, scientists and emergency management officials have developed various strategies. These include establishing early warning systems, creating hazard maps, and conducting public education campaigns to inform residents about the dangers of living near volcanoes. In some cases, communities may also implement engineering solutions, such as constructing barriers or channels to redirect potential lahar flows away from populated areas.In conclusion, the study of lahar is essential for volcanic hazard assessment and disaster preparedness. As climate change continues to impact weather patterns, the frequency and intensity of rainfall in volcanic regions may increase, potentially leading to more frequent lahar events. Therefore, it is vital for both scientists and local communities to work together to better understand this phenomenon and develop effective strategies to reduce its impact. By doing so, we can help protect lives and property from the devastating effects of lahar flows in the future.

术语lahar指的是火山泥流或碎石流，当火山灰和碎石与水混合时发生，通常是由于降雨或融雪。这种自然现象可能极具破坏性，因为它以高速沿火山坡道流动，携带着水、火山物质和其他碎片的混合物。理解lahar对于生活在活火山附近的社区至关重要，因为这些流动可能对生命和财产造成重大风险。在世界许多地区，尤其是在印度尼西亚、菲律宾和中美洲的一些地方，火山喷发后lahar事件是常见的现象。喷发产生的灰烬会在火山坡上形成一层松散的物质。当发生强降雨时，这些灰烬可能会被水饱和，从而形成lahar。这些流动的速度和体积可能会有很大变化，但它们通常比人类奔跑的速度快得多，使其极具危险性。1985年哥伦比亚阿梅罗（Armero）发生的lahar事件是一个臭名昭著的例子，当时鲁伊斯火山（Nevado del Ruiz）喷发。喷发融化了山上的雪和冰，导致一场巨大的lahar冲下山坡，冲击了阿梅罗镇。悲惨的是，这次事件导致超过23,000人遇难，并摧毁了该镇的大部分。这场灾难突显了监测火山活动和理解与lahar流动相关风险的重要性。为了减少lahar流动带来的风险，科学家和应急管理官员制定了各种策略。这些策略包括建立预警系统、创建危险地图以及开展公众教育活动，以告知居民生活在火山附近的危险。在某些情况下，社区还可能实施工程解决方案，例如建设屏障或渠道，将潜在的lahar流动引导到远离人口稠密地区。总之，对lahar的研究对于火山危害评估和灾难准备至关重要。随着气候变化继续影响天气模式，火山地区降雨的频率和强度可能会增加，从而可能导致更频繁的lahar事件。因此，对于科学家和当地社区来说，合作更好地理解这一现象并制定有效的减少影响的策略至关重要。通过这样做，我们可以帮助保护未来生命和财产免受lahar流动的破坏性影响。