subinfeudate

简明释义

英[ˌsʌbɪnˈfjuːdeɪt]美[ˌsʌbɪnˈfjuːdeɪt]

v. 分封（土地）

第 三 人 称 单 数 s u b i n f e u d a t e s

现 在 分 词 s u b i n f e u d a t i n g

过 去 式 s u b i n f e u d a t e d

过 去 分 词 s u b i n f e u d a t e d

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In medieval times, lords would often subinfeudate their lands to vassals in exchange for military service.

在中世纪，领主通常会将他们的土地分封给附庸，以换取军事服务。

2.When a lord decided to subinfeudate his estate, he would draft a formal agreement with the new vassal.

当一个领主决定分封他的地产时，他会与新的附庸起草正式协议。

3.To subinfeudate means to grant a portion of land to another party under the original feudal contract.

“分封”意味着根据原始封建合同将一部分土地授予另一方。

4.The king allowed his barons to subinfeudate portions of their lands to lesser nobles.

国王允许他的男爵将他们的土地部分分封给较低级别的贵族。

5.The practice to subinfeudate land was crucial for the feudal system to function effectively.

土地的分封实践对封建制度的有效运作至关重要。

作文

In the context of medieval feudal systems, land ownership and rights were often complex and layered. One term that encapsulates a specific aspect of this system is subinfeudate, which refers to the process by which a lord grants a portion of his land to a vassal, who then has the authority to grant parts of that land to sub-vassals. This hierarchical structure not only established relationships of loyalty and service but also created a network of land ownership that could become quite intricate over time. Understanding the term subinfeudate helps us appreciate the nuances of feudalism and its impact on societal organization during the Middle Ages.The practice of subinfeudate was significant for several reasons. Firstly, it allowed for the expansion of land use without the need for direct management by the primary lord. By distributing land to vassals, lords could maintain control over larger territories indirectly. This delegation of authority meant that vassals were responsible for the upkeep and governance of their granted lands, thereby relieving the lord of some administrative burdens.Moreover, the act of subinfeudate fostered loyalty among the vassals. When a lord granted land to a vassal, it came with expectations of military service and allegiance. In turn, when vassals subinfeudate their lands to sub-vassals, they created similar bonds of loyalty and obligation. This web of relationships was crucial in maintaining order and stability within the feudal system, as each layer of vassalage reinforced the hierarchy that defined medieval society.However, the system of subinfeudate also had its drawbacks. As more layers of vassalage were created, the original intent of land grants could become obscured. Conflicts over land rights and obligations could arise, leading to disputes among lords and vassals. Additionally, the fragmentation of land ownership could weaken the power of a lord if too many vassals held portions of his land. This decentralization of power sometimes led to challenges in governance and control, as lords found it increasingly difficult to assert their authority over distant lands.The implications of subinfeudate extend beyond just land ownership; they also reflect the social and political dynamics of the time. The relationships formed through this practice were foundational to the feudal system, influencing everything from military alliances to economic transactions. Understanding subinfeudate allows us to see how power was negotiated and maintained in a period characterized by its reliance on personal bonds rather than formalized state structures.In conclusion, the term subinfeudate serves as a key to unlocking the complexities of feudal land tenure and the relationships that defined medieval society. Through the granting of land to vassals, lords were able to expand their influence while simultaneously creating a network of loyalty and obligation. Yet, this practice also led to challenges that could destabilize the very system it sought to strengthen. As we study this concept, we gain insight into the intricate tapestry of feudalism and its lasting impact on European history.

在中世纪封建制度的背景下，土地所有权和权利往往复杂而层次分明。一个能概括这一制度特定方面的术语是subinfeudate，它指的是一位领主将其土地的一部分授予一个附庸，而后者有权将该土地的部分转让给下级附庸。这种等级结构不仅建立了忠诚和服务的关系，还创造了一个随着时间推移而变得相当复杂的土地所有权网络。理解术语subinfeudate有助于我们欣赏封建主义的细微差别及其对中世纪社会组织的影响。subinfeudate的做法具有几个重要原因。首先，它允许在不需要直接管理的情况下扩展土地使用。通过将土地分配给附庸，领主可以间接控制更大的领土。这种权力的委托意味着附庸负责其授予土地的维护和治理，从而减轻了领主的一些行政负担。此外，subinfeudate的行为促进了附庸之间的忠诚。当领主将土地授予附庸时，附庸便承担了军事服务和效忠的期望。反过来，当附庸将其土地subinfeudate给下级附庸时，他们便建立了类似的忠诚和义务关系。这种关系网对于维持封建制度内的秩序和稳定至关重要，因为每一层的附庸关系都加强了定义中世纪社会的等级结构。然而，subinfeudate制度也有其缺点。随着更多的附庸层级的形成，土地赠与的初衷可能会变得模糊。关于土地权利和义务的冲突可能会出现，导致领主和附庸之间的争端。此外，土地所有权的碎片化可能会削弱领主的权力，如果太多的附庸拥有了他的土地的一部分。这种权力的分散有时会导致治理和控制的挑战，因为领主发现自己越来越难以对遥远的土地施加权威。subinfeudate的影响超越了土地所有权；它们还反映了当时的社会和政治动态。通过这一做法形成的关系是封建制度的基础，影响着从军事联盟到经济交易的方方面面。理解subinfeudate使我们能够看到在一个依赖个人纽带而非正式国家结构的时期，权力是如何被协商和维持的。总之，术语subinfeudate作为解锁封建土地占有及定义中世纪社会关系的复杂性的关键。通过将土地授予附庸，领主能够扩大其影响力，同时创建一个忠诚和义务的网络。然而，这一做法也导致了可能破坏其所寻求巩固的系统的挑战。当我们研究这一概念时，我们获得了对封建主义复杂织锦及其对欧洲历史持久影响的深刻见解。